North Shore City was a territorial authority unit in the Auckland Region of New Zealand that was governed by the North Shore City Council. It existed from 1989 until November 2010, when the council was incorporated into Auckland Council. It had an estimated population of 229,000 at 30 June 2010, making it the fourth most populous city in New Zealand prior to the 2010 reorganisation. It was the country's fourth largest city in land, with an area of 129.81 square kilometres (50.12 sq mi) and a coastline of 141 kilometres (88 mi). It was the most densely populated city in the country, because most of its area was urban or suburban in nature, unlike other New Zealand cities.
| North Shore City | |
|---|---|
| City of New Zealand | |
| 1989–2010 | |
 Looking south over North Shore City from Forrest Hill. Auckland City can be seen in the background. | |
 North Shore City within the North Island of New Zealand | |
| History | |
• Established | 1989 |
• Disestablished | 2010 |
| Today part of | Auckland Region |
Geography
editThe North Shore comprised a large suburban area to the north of downtown Auckland; linked to the rest of the greater Auckland metropolitan area by two harbour bridges - the Auckland Harbour Bridge crosses the inner Waitemata Harbour to Auckland City, while the Upper Harbour Bridge provided a connection to Waitakere City across the northern stretches of the harbour.
The administrative area of North Shore City Council was bounded by Rodney District to the north, Waitemata Harbour to the south and the Rangitoto Channel of the Hauraki Gulf to the east. The seat of the council was in Takapuna.
Today, the entire area has been divided between four local boards of the amalgamated Auckland Council: Devonport-Takapuna, Kaipātiki, Upper Harbour (along with part of the former Waitakere City) and Hibiscus and Bays (along with part of the former Rodney District).
Administrative divisions
editPrior to being merged into Auckland Council in 2010, North Shore City was divided into three wards, with each of them dividing into two community boards[1] for a total of six within the city; with each of them further consisting of the following populated places (i.e.: suburbs, towns, localities, settlements, communities, hamlets, etc.):
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- Notes
History
editThe North Shore was first administered by highway districts, which operated from the 1860s onwards, pooling local residents' resources to improve infrastructure.[2] In 1876, the Waitemata County was established across the North Shore and West Auckland after the abolition of the Auckland Province, and was one of the largest counties created in New Zealand.[3] Between 1886 and 1954, areas of the North Shore voted to become independent areas separate from the county, establishing boroughs. The first of these was Devonport in 1886, soon followed by Birkenhead in 1888. Northcote was declared a borough in 1908, and Takapuna in 1913. The final borough that split from the Waitemata County was East Coast Bays in 1954.[4] On 1 August 1974, the Waitemata County was dissolved,[5] leading to Glenfield, Albany and Long Bay being incorporated into Takapuna City.[6]
In 1989, Devonport, Birkenhead, Northcote, Takapuna and East Coast Bays amalgamated to form North Shore City[7] in the 1989 New Zealand local government reforms. North Shore City was amalgamated into Auckland Council in November 2010.[8]
Local government
editThe city was run by the 15-member North Shore City Council and mayor, democratically elected every three years using the first-past-the-post voting system. The last mayor was Andrew Williams. The mayor was a strong critic of the 'Super City' proposals, which would see North Shore City amalgamated into a larger Auckland authority.[9] Williams voiced strong opposition to Transit New Zealand's delays regarding bus lanes.[10] He was a proponent of the $300 million joint busway venture.[10] While the Auckland Regional Council had power to impose property tax rates on suburban areas such as North Shore City, local residents voiced strong opposition.[11][12] There was a pattern of conflict between local authorities and Auckland city officials regarding many matters, such as transportation, land purchases [13] and decay of wharf facilities.[14] The issue of whether Auckland should be a single city, or a collection of autonomous cities, was a subject of debate.[15]
Mayors of North Shore City
editBetween 1989 and 2010, North Shore City had five mayors.[16] The mayor was directly elected using a first-past-the-post electoral system. The councillors were elected from three wards: Northern, Harbour and Central. The elections were held every three years.[17][18]
The following persons served as mayor of North Shore City:
| Name | Portrait | In office | Terms | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ann Hartley | 
|
1989–1992 | 1 |
| 2 | Paul Titchener | 
|
1992–1995 | 1 |
| 3 | George Gair | 
|
1995–1998 | 1 |
| 4 | George Wood | 
|
1998–2007 | 3 |
| 5 | Andrew Williams | 
|
2007–2010 | 1 |
Economy
editNorth Shore City formerly contributed over 6% of New Zealand's GDP. The city also topped the nation's growth rates for numbers of businesses, growing 29.3% between 1998 and 2002.[19] Areas of the North Shore City boasted some of the most expensive real estate in New Zealand. The stretch of coast that runs North from Takapuna Beach to Milford, often referred to as the "Golden Mile",[20] had many properties there have sold for several million dollars (NZ$) particularly because of the beaches, Lake Pupuke, popular schools and shopping centres. In 2005, one beachfront property sold for $12.8 million.[21] Rents in North Shore City, as well as property prices, are high in relative terms, with average weekly rents (in 2002) of $243 versus $237 for Wellington and $236 for Auckland.[22]
Demographics
editIn the 2006 census, the median income for North Shore residents over 15 years was $29,100, compared with a national average of $24,400.
The racial makeup of the city was 67.5% European, 18.5% Asian, 6.3% Māori, 3.4% Pacific Islander, and 1.8% from the Middle East, Africa or Latin America. Just under 10% gave their ethnicity as "New Zealander",[23] with most of this group having identified itself as European in former Census surveys.
Sister cities
editNorth Shore City was a sister city of:
Taichung City, Taiwan, 17 December 1996[24]
Qingdao, People's Republic of China, 9 August 2008[25]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Suburb search tips" (PDF). North Shore City. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 June 2009. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ Heritage Consultancy Services (1 July 2011). North Shore Heritage - Thematic Review Report Volume 1 (PDF) (Report). Auckland Council. ISBN 978-1-927169-21-6. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
- ^ Reidy 2009, pp. 238.
- ^ Reidy 2009, pp. 239.
- ^ Adam, Burgess & Ellis 2004, pp. 38–39.
- ^ "Cities of Takapuna and Waitemata (Upper Harbour Bridge) Empowering Act 1976". New Zealand Government. 27 October 1976. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
- ^ McClure, Margaret (6 December 2007). "Auckland places - The North Shore". Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
- ^ Blakeley, Roger (2015). "The planning framework for Auckland 'super city': an insider's view". Policy Quarterly. 11 (4). doi:10.26686/pq.v11i4.4572. ISSN 2324-1101.
- ^ "Andrew Williams: Downsize this Super City madness". The New Zealand Herald. 8 May 2009. Retrieved 1 November 2011.
- ^ a b "Bus lane closure delayed". North Shore Times. 1 January 2009. Retrieved 30 August 2009.
- ^ THERESA GARNER and NATASHA HARRIS (24 July 2003). "North Shore City Council backs ARC rate revolt". New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 30 August 2009.
- ^ Wayne Thompson (25 July 2003). "How ARC ignored rates advice". New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 30 August 2009.
- ^ Wayne Thompson (1 September 2003). "Auckland's bid for Viaduct land hits snag". New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 30 August 2009.
- ^ Brian Rudman (25 July 2008). "Brian Rudman: Go-it-alone North Shore leaves historic wharf on its last legs". New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 30 August 2009.
- ^ Wayne Thompson (6 September 2006). "Lessons from the history of local body amalgamation". New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 30 August 2009.
- ^ "Timeline of Auckland Mayors: An Online Exhibition". Auckland Council Archives. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
- ^ "STV Information". Department of Internal Affairs. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ "Facts and Figures". North Shore City Council. Archived from the original on 22 May 2010. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
- ^ "Growth in the Number of Businesses" (PDF). Quality of Life Project.
- ^ "City attractions". North Shore City. Archived from the original on 4 July 2008. Retrieved 19 September 2008.
- ^ Anne Gibson (25 February 2005). "Auckland's luxury homes draw buyers to a stellar market". International Herald Tribune. Archived from the original on 26 October 2012. Retrieved 30 August 2009.
- ^ "One in 10 New Zealanders live in Auckland city: Census". New Zealand Herald. 2 April 2002. Retrieved 30 August 2009.
- ^ Quickstats about North Shore City
- ^ "Sister City". North Shore City Council. Retrieved 27 March 2009.
- ^ "A new sister city for North Shore City". North Shore City Council. 19 June 2008. Retrieved 27 March 2009.
Bibliography
edit- Adam, Jack; Burgess, Vivien; Ellis, Dawn (2004). Rugged Determination: Historical Window on Swanson 1854-2004. Swanson Residents and Ratepayers Association Inc. ISBN 0-476-00544-2.
- Reidy, Jade (2009). "How the West Was Run". In Macdonald, Finlay; Kerr, Ruth (eds.). West: The History of Waitakere. Random House. pp. 237–256. ISBN 9781869790080.