Miyun District (simplified Chinese: 密云区; traditional Chinese: 密雲區; pinyin: Mìyún Qū) is situated in northeast Beijing. It has an area of 2,227 square kilometres (860 sq mi) and a population of 527,683 (2020 Census).[2] Miyun District government seat is located in Gulou Subdistrict.[1]
Miyun
密云区 | |
|---|---|
 Simatai Great Wall | |
 | |
 Location of Miyun District in Beijing | |
| Coordinates: 40°22′28″N 116°50′22″E / 40.37444°N 116.83944°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Municipality | Beijing |
| Township-level divisions | 3 subdistricts 17 towns 1 township |
| Seat | Gulou Subdistrict[1] |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,227 km2 (860 sq mi) |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 527,683 |
| • Density | 240/km2 (610/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 101500 |
| Area code | 0010 |
| Website | bjmy |
History
editMiyun was one of the places where Warlord Feng Yuxiang stationed his troops in preparation of the Beijing Coup of 1924.[3] In the 1930s, Miyun District was occupied by the Imperial Japanese Army and became part of the area controlled by the East Hebei Autonomous Council, a puppet state of Japan. The Japanese occupation was challenged, however, when a local Taoist priest managed to incite Miyun's peasantry. As member of the Yellow Sand Society, he garnered followers and convinced them that they could become immune to gunfire through magical rituals that he performed. Thus highly motivated, the peasants launched a rebellion in July 1936 and defeated an East Hebei Army unit that was sent to suppress them.[4] Nearby Imperial Japanese Army forces were consequently mobilized against the insurgents. By September, the uprising was defeated and about 300 of Miyun's Yellow Sand rebels had been killed or wounded in the fighting.[5]
Administrative divisions
edit
There are 2 subdistricts, 17 towns, 1 township which carry the "area" (地区) label in the district, as well as an additional economic development area.[6] The government seat of Miyun District is located in Gulou Subdistrict.[1]
| Name | Chinese (S) | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010)[7] | Area (km2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gulou Subdistrict (district government seat[1]) |
鼓楼街道 | Gǔlóu Jiēdào | 104,479 | 1.60 |
| Guoyuan Subdistrict | 果园街道 | Guǒyuán Jiēdào | 52,840 | 7.55 |
| Tanying (Manchu and Mongol Ethnic Township) Area | 檀营(满族蒙古族乡)地区 | Tányíng (Mǎnzú Měnggǔzú Xiāng) Dìqū | 7,571 | 2.73 |
| Miyun town | 密云镇 | Mìyún Zhèn | 18,722 | 24.00 |
| Xiwengzhuang town | 溪翁庄镇 | Xīwēng Zhèn | 19,811 | 87.90 |
| Xitiangezhuang town | 西田各庄镇 | Xītiángèzhuāng Zhèn | 36,056 | 129.60 |
| Shilipu town | 十里堡镇 | Shílǐpù Zhèn | 25,086 | 30.80 |
| Henanzhai town | 河南寨镇 | Hénánzhài Zhèn | 24,067 | 66.70 |
| Jugezhuang town | 巨各庄镇 | Jùgèzhuāng Zhèn | 23,017 | 107.80 |
| Mujiayu town | 穆家峪镇 | Mùjiāyù Zhèn | 33,145 | 102.80 |
| Taishitun town | 太师屯镇 | Tàishītún Zhèn | 27,311 | 202.00 |
| Gaoling town | 高岭镇 | Gāolǐng Zhèn | 14,186 | 111.40 |
| Bulaotun town | 不老屯镇 | Bùlǎotún Zhèn | 15,810 | 193.20 |
| Fengjiayu town | 冯家峪镇 | Féngjiāyù Zhèn | 6,640 | 214.25 |
| Gubeikou town | 古北口镇 | Gǔběikǒu Zhèn | 7,932 | 84.71 |
| Dachengzi town | 大城子镇 | Dàchéngzi Zhèn | 11,648 | 144.00 |
| Dongshaoqu town | 东邵渠镇 | Dōngshàoqú Zhèn | 12,276 | 109.30 |
| Beizhuang town | 北庄镇 | Běizhuāng Zhèn | 7,769 | 83.70 |
| Xinchengzi town | 新城子镇 | Xīnchéngzi Zhèn | 7,993 | 176.50 |
| Shicheng town | 石城镇 | Shíchéng Zhèn | 5,453 | 252.80 |
| Beijing Miyun Economic Development Area | 北京密云经济开发区 | Běijīng Mìyún Jīngjì Kāifāqū | 2,899 | 14.33 |
Geography
editMiyun contains the easternmost point of Beijing Municipality, bordering the Beijing districts of Pinggu to the southeast, Shunyi to the southwest and Huairou to the west as well as Hebei province to the due north and east. The Miyun Reservoir, a major source of water for the Beijing Municipality, is also located in Miyun District.
Climate
edit| Climate data for Miyun District (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 13.9 (57.0) |
19.2 (66.6) |
27.8 (82.0) |
31.5 (88.7) |
37.2 (99.0) |
39.8 (103.6) |
40.8 (105.4) |
38.1 (100.6) |
34.7 (94.5) |
30.8 (87.4) |
22.8 (73.0) |
13.2 (55.8) |
40.8 (105.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.8 (35.2) |
5.8 (42.4) |
12.8 (55.0) |
20.8 (69.4) |
26.9 (80.4) |
30.5 (86.9) |
31.4 (88.5) |
30.4 (86.7) |
26.1 (79.0) |
19.1 (66.4) |
10.0 (50.0) |
3.1 (37.6) |
18.2 (64.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −5.5 (22.1) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
5.6 (42.1) |
13.9 (57.0) |
20.0 (68.0) |
24.2 (75.6) |
26.2 (79.2) |
24.9 (76.8) |
19.5 (67.1) |
11.8 (53.2) |
3.0 (37.4) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
11.5 (52.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −10.8 (12.6) |
−7.6 (18.3) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
6.6 (43.9) |
12.7 (54.9) |
18.2 (64.8) |
21.7 (71.1) |
20.5 (68.9) |
14.3 (57.7) |
6.2 (43.2) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
−8.7 (16.3) |
5.8 (42.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −23.3 (−9.9) |
−21.0 (−5.8) |
−13.3 (8.1) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
0.5 (32.9) |
8.2 (46.8) |
13.7 (56.7) |
11.5 (52.7) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
−14.6 (5.7) |
−19.0 (−2.2) |
−23.3 (−9.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.0 (0.08) |
4.2 (0.17) |
7.7 (0.30) |
20.9 (0.82) |
44.3 (1.74) |
83.8 (3.30) |
196.9 (7.75) |
151.0 (5.94) |
64.5 (2.54) |
30.3 (1.19) |
13.4 (0.53) |
2.7 (0.11) |
621.7 (24.47) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.3 | 1.9 | 3.0 | 4.6 | 6.8 | 10.7 | 13.8 | 10.9 | 7.7 | 5.4 | 2.9 | 1.8 | 70.8 |
| Average snowy days | 2.8 | 2.5 | 1.7 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 12.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 47 | 45 | 44 | 46 | 53 | 63 | 74 | 77 | 72 | 66 | 60 | 53 | 58 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 182.1 | 180.4 | 214.4 | 223.1 | 246.1 | 201.1 | 172.1 | 191.5 | 192.1 | 189.2 | 162.4 | 166.5 | 2,321 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 61 | 59 | 57 | 56 | 55 | 45 | 38 | 45 | 52 | 56 | 55 | 58 | 53 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[8][9] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Shangdianzixiang, Miyun District (1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 0.2 (32.4) |
4.2 (39.6) |
11.2 (52.2) |
19.4 (66.9) |
25.8 (78.4) |
29.3 (84.7) |
30.3 (86.5) |
29.5 (85.1) |
25.1 (77.2) |
18.0 (64.4) |
8.6 (47.5) |
1.3 (34.3) |
16.9 (62.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.2 (20.8) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
4.7 (40.5) |
12.9 (55.2) |
19.0 (66.2) |
22.9 (73.2) |
24.8 (76.6) |
23.6 (74.5) |
18.4 (65.1) |
11.2 (52.2) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
10.5 (51.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −11.2 (11.8) |
−7.9 (17.8) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
6.4 (43.5) |
12.1 (53.8) |
16.9 (62.4) |
20.2 (68.4) |
19.1 (66.4) |
13.1 (55.6) |
5.7 (42.3) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
5.1 (41.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1.9 (0.07) |
3.7 (0.15) |
8.7 (0.34) |
24.3 (0.96) |
52.6 (2.07) |
79.1 (3.11) |
166.6 (6.56) |
123.0 (4.84) |
57.1 (2.25) |
31.2 (1.23) |
12.8 (0.50) |
2.3 (0.09) |
563.3 (22.17) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.4 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 4.9 | 7.2 | 11.5 | 13.9 | 11.2 | 8.1 | 5.3 | 3.2 | 1.7 | 73.4 |
| Average snowy days | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 12.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 42 | 41 | 39 | 40 | 49 | 62 | 75 | 76 | 69 | 58 | 51 | 46 | 54 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 202.5 | 196.1 | 232.1 | 240.9 | 263.4 | 228.4 | 201.9 | 223.4 | 219.0 | 212.4 | 184.6 | 191.1 | 2,595.8 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 68 | 65 | 62 | 60 | 59 | 51 | 44 | 53 | 59 | 63 | 63 | 67 | 60 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[10][11] | |||||||||||||
Tourism
editA popular tourist attraction in Miyun district is Simatai, a section of the Great Wall. Another is Nanshan Ski Resort, one of the largest in the country.[12]
Transportation
edit
- Beijing–Shenyang high-speed railway: Miyun railway station.
- Beijing–Chengde railway: Miyun North railway station.
Education
editSee also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b c d "北京撤销密云县、延庆县 设立密云区、延庆区". 2015-11-17.
密云区人民政府驻鼓楼街道鼓楼西大街3号
- ^ "China: Bĕijīng (Districts) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2024-02-09.
- ^ Sheridan (1966), p. 134.
- ^ Morning Tribune Staff (1936), p. 9.
- ^ The China Monthly Review Staff (1936), p. 473.
- ^ 2020年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：密云区 (in Simplified Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 2021-07-24.
- ^ Census Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China; Population and Employment Statistics Division of the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China (2012). 中国2010人口普查分乡、镇、街道资料 (1 ed.). Beijing: China Statistics Print. ISBN 978-7-5037-6660-2.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
- ^ "Beijing Nanshan ski village". Archived from the original on 2010-04-12. Retrieved 2010-04-24.
Bibliography
edit- Sheridan, James E. (1966). Chinese Warlord. The Career of Feng Yü-hsiang. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
- Morning Tribune Staff (30 July 1936). "Yellow Sand Cult to be suppressed by Japanese". Morning Tribune. Vol. 1, no. 154. Peiping. p. 9. Retrieved 3 May 2018.
- The China Monthly Review Staff (20 August 1936). ""Yellow Sand" Society Suppressed by Japanese in Demilitarized Zone". The China Monthly Review. Vol. 77. Custom House, Shanghai. p. 473.
External links
edit
Media related to Miyun District at Wikimedia Commons