Neal I. Koblitz (born December 24, 1948)[1] is a Professor of Mathematics at the University of Washington. He is also an adjunct professor with the Centre for Applied Cryptographic Research at the University of Waterloo. He is the creator of hyperelliptic curve cryptography and the independent co-creator of elliptic curve cryptography.
Neal Koblitz | |
|---|---|
| Born | December 24, 1948 |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | Princeton University Harvard University |
| Known for | Elliptic and hyperelliptic curve cryptography |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Mathematics |
| Institutions | University of Washington University of Waterloo |
| Doctoral advisor | Nick Katz |
| Doctoral students | Daqing Wan |
Biography
editKoblitz received his B.A. in mathematics from Harvard University in 1969.[1] While at Harvard, he was a Putnam Fellow in 1968.[2] He received his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1974 under the direction of Nick Katz. From 1975 to 1979 he was an instructor at Harvard University.[3] In 1979 he began working at the University of Washington.
Koblitz's 1981 article "Mathematics as Propaganda"[4] criticized the misuse of mathematics in the social sciences and helped motivate Serge Lang's successful challenge to the nomination of political scientist Samuel P. Huntington to the National Academy of Sciences.[5] In The Mathematical Intelligencer, Koblitz,[6][7][8] Steven Weintraub,[9] and Saunders Mac Lane later criticized the arguments of Herbert A. Simon, who had attempted to defend Huntington's work.[10]
He co-invented elliptic-curve cryptography in 1985[11] with Victor S. Miller, and for this was awarded the Levchin Prize[12] in 2021.
With his wife Ann Hibner Koblitz, he in 1985 founded the Kovalevskaia Prize to honor women scientists in developing countries. It was financed from the royalties of Ann Hibner Koblitz's 1983 biography of Sofia Kovalevskaia.[13] Although the awardees have ranged over many fields of science, one of the 2011 winners was a Vietnamese mathematician, Lê Thị Thanh Nhàn.[14] Koblitz is an atheist.[15]
Koblitz's 2007 article "The uneasy relationship between mathematics and cryptography" discusses the increased contact between mathematics and cryptography in the 1990s. He argues that there is an unjustified "aura" placed onto mathematical proofs in cryptographic competitions and received much ire for the view.[16] Koblitz, in co-operation with Alfred Menezes, went on to write a series of Another Look papers that describe errors or weaknesses in existing security proofs, the first being Another look at HMAC (2013). The two now maintain a website dedicated to this type of papers.[17]
In 2011, Koblitz published "Elliptic curve cryptography: The serpentine course of a paradigm shift" with Ann Hibner Koblitz and Alfred Menezes. Using the history of ECC and shifting attitudes in the cryptographic community, the article argues that the field of cryptography is not as scientific and meritocratic as cryptographers want to show to the outside world; the field is controlled by social factors, especially path dependence.[18]
See also
editSelected publications
edit- — (1984) [1977]. p-adic Numbers, p-adic Analysis, and Zeta-Functions. Graduate Texts in Mathematics. Vol. 58 (Second ed.). New York: Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-1112-9. ISBN 978-1-4612-1112-9.
- — (1980). p-adic Analysis: a Short Course on Recent Work. London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Series. Vol. 46. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521280600. Retrieved 10 August 2022.
- — (1993) [1984]. Introduction to Elliptic Curves and Modular Forms. Graduate Texts in Mathematics. Vol. 97 (Second ed.). New York: Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-0909-6. ISBN 978-1-4612-0909-6.
- — (1994) [1987]. A Course in Number Theory and Cryptography. Graduate Texts in Mathematics. Vol. 114 (Second ed.). New York: Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-8592-7. ISBN 978-1-4419-8592-7.
- — (1998). Algebraic Aspects of Cryptography. Algorithms and Computation in Mathematics. Vol. 3. New York: Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-03642-6. ISBN 978-3-662-03642-6.
- — (2008). Random Curves: Journeys of a Mathematician. Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74078-0. ISBN 978-3540740773.
References
edit- ^ a b Engquist, Björn; Schmid, Wilfried, eds. (2001), Mathematics Unlimited: 2001 and Beyond, Berlin: Springer, p. 1225, ISBN 978-3-540-66913-5
- ^ "Putnam Competition Individual and Team Winners". Mathematical Association of America. Retrieved December 13, 2021.
- ^ Koblitz, Neal (2007), Random Curves: Journeys of a Mathematician, Springer-Verlag, p. 123
- ^ Koblitz, Neal (1981), "Mathematics as Propaganda", in Steen, Lynn Arthur (ed.), Mathematics Tomorrow, Springer Verlag, pp. 111–120, doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-8127-3_12, ISBN 0-387-90564-2
- ^ Krantz, Steven George (2005), Mathematical apocrypha redux, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-88385-554-2
- ^ Koblitz, Neal (Winter 1988), "A Tale of Three Equations; or The Emperors Have No Clothes", The Mathematical Intelligencer, 10 (1), New York, NY: 4–10, doi:10.1007/BF03023843, S2CID 121312716
- ^ Koblitz, Neal (Winter 1988), "Reply to Unclad Emperors", The Mathematical Intelligencer, 10 (1), New York, NY: 14–16, doi:10.1007/BF03023845, S2CID 123030288
- ^ Koblitz, Neal (Spring 1988), "Simon Falls off the Wall", The Mathematical Intelligencer, 10 (2), New York, NY: 11–12, doi:10.1007/bf03028350
- ^ Weintraub, Steven H. (Summer 1988), "Trivial Pseudomathematics", The Mathematical Intelligencer, 10 (3), New York, NY: 3–4, doi:10.1007/bf03026633, S2CID 189883909
- ^ Brown, James Robert (1999), Philosophy of mathematics, Routledge, ISBN 0-415-12275-9
- ^ Koblitz, N. (1987). "Elliptic curve cryptosystems". Mathematics of Computation. 48 (177): 203–209. doi:10.2307/2007884. JSTOR 2007884.
- ^ Levchin Prize
- ^ Hickey, Hannah (2007-11-08), Neal Koblitz: Deciphering the cryptographer, University Week
- ^ Nguyen, Ha (March 13, 2012), "Women make their mark in sciences", Việt Nam News.
- ^ Koblitz, Neal. Random Curves: Journeys of a Mathematician. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2008. Print. "For me, an atheist and an aspiring mathematician..."
- ^ Koblitz, Neal (2007). "The uneasy relationship between mathematics and cryptography". Notices of the AMS. 54: 972–979.
- ^ Neal, Koblitz; Alfred, Menezes. "Another Look at Provable Security". www.math.uwaterloo.ca.
- ^ Koblitz, Ann Hibner; Koblitz, Neal; Menezes, Alfred (May 2011). "Elliptic curve cryptography: The serpentine course of a paradigm shift". Journal of Number Theory. 131 (5): 781–814. doi:10.1016/j.jnt.2009.01.006.