King's Highway 15, commonly referred to as Highway 15, is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. It travels north from an interchange with Highway 401 in Kingston to Highway 7 in Carleton Place, a distance of 114.7 kilometres (71.3 mi). In addition to Kingston and Carleton Place, the highway provides access to the Eastern Ontario communities of Joyceville, Seeley's Bay, Morton, Elgin, Crosby, Portland, Lombardy and Franktown. Prior to 1998, Highway 15 continued north from Carleton Place, passed Almonte and through Pakenham, to Highway 17 (now Highway 417) in Arnprior.
 Highway 15 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||||
| Route information | |||||||
| Maintained by Ministry of Transportation of Ontario | |||||||
| Length | 114.7 km[1] (71.3 mi) | ||||||
| Existed | October 13, 1920[2]–present | ||||||
| Major junctions | |||||||
| South end |  Highway 401 – Kingston | ||||||
| North end |  Highway 7 – Carleton Place | ||||||
| Location | |||||||
| Country | Canada | ||||||
| Province | Ontario | ||||||
| Major cities | Kingston | ||||||
| Towns | Smiths Falls, Carleton Place | ||||||
| Highway system | |||||||
| |||||||
| |||||||
Highway 15 was one of the original highways created by the province in 1920 to establish a highway network and qualify for funding under the Canada Highways Act. The southern terminus, originally in Seeley's Bay, was moved to Highway 2 in Kingston the following year. While the northern terminus has shifted numerous times, the southern terminus has consistently remained in Kingston since 1921. Initially, Highway 15 connected Smiths Falls with Carleton Place via Perth. The assignment of the Trans-Canada Highway during the 1950s led to a major renumbering scheme in 1961 that redirected the highway concurrent with Highway 29 via Franktown.
Although realignments and bypasses have been constructed around many of the towns along the route, it continues to serve as a major corridor between Kingston and Ottawa. While the distance between the two is approximately 20 km (12 mi) shorter via Highway 15, Highway 401 and Highway 416 provide a quicker travel time.
Route description
editHighway 15 is a 115.4 km (71.7 mi) route that connects Kingston with Carleton Place. A 4.7 km (2.9 mi) segment of the highway, within the town limits of Smiths Falls, is maintained under a Connecting Link agreement.[1] It passes through Frontenac County, the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville and Lanark County along its route through Eastern Ontario. On an average day in 2016, 2,850 vehicles used the highway between Morton and Crosby, while 9,400 vehicles used it south of Carleton Place, the least and most trafficked sections of the route, respectively.[1]
Highway 15 begins at an interchange with Highway 401 (Exit 623) in the city of Kingston; it once continued south to former Highway 2, next to CFB Kingston in Barriefield, but this section is now Kingston Road 15. The route travels northeast alongside the Cataraqui River, slicing through Joyceville and passing Joyceville Institution. Over the next several kilometres, the route travels alongside the Rideau Canal, with Locks 43, 44 and 45 a short drive off the highway. After leaving Frontenac and entering Leeds and Grenville, the route encounters Seeleys Bay, where it curves east and soon meets the northern terminus of former Highway 32. It turns north, then crosses between the municipalities of Leeds and the Thousand Islands and Rideau Lakes at the community of Morton.[3]
After turning northwest and bypassing the community of Elgin, the route encounters the community of Crosby, intersecting former Highway 42 and curving northeast. For the next 30 kilometres (19 mi), the highway travels alongside the Cataraqui Trail,[3] a former Canadian National Railway line donated in 1997 to become a mixed use trail.[4] It passes through the communities of Portland and Lombardy before entering Smiths Falls and Lanark County, where it intersects former Highway 29 and Highway 43 and turns north. The route crosses the Rideau Canal and proceeds towards Carleton Place alongside the Ottawa Valley Railway, bisecting the communities of Franktown, Beckwith and Black's Corners. On the southern outskirts of Carleton Place, Highway 15 ends at an intersection with Highway 7 just west of where it becomes a freeway.[3]
History
editProvincial highway
edit
Highway 15 is one of the original provincial highways created by the Department of Public Highways, predecessor to the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO), in order to qualify for funding under the Canada Highways Act. On October 13, 1920, several dirt roads through the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville and Lanark County, which would later become Highway 15, were designated as part of the rapidly expanding Provincial Highway Network. The route began in the community of Seeley's Bay and followed the current routing north to Smiths Falls. From there it travelled west to Perth, then arced northeast towards Carleton Place. The highway passed through that town and winded towards Ottawa, following roughly the same alignment as Highway 7 does today.[2] The following year, the highway was extended south from Seeley's Bay into Kingston to end at Highway 2.[5]
Initially unnumbered, the route was designated as Highway 15 during the summer of 1925.[6] By that point, the southern terminus was at the present junction of James Street (then Highway 2) and Main Street in Barriefield, north of Fort Henry.[7] The northern segment of Highway 15 – approaching and within Ottawa – changed throughout the years, and varies between maps; most indicate that the intersection of Bank Street and Wellington Street served as the northern terminus of Highways 15, 16, and 31.[note 1] Confederation Square, then known as Connaught Place, was originally planned to serve as the terminus of Ottawa-bound highways when route numbers were posted there in September 1925.[8]
Between Carleton Place and Ottawa, Highway 15 initially followed a circuitous route that served the villages of Ashton and Stittsville. It followed the present-day roads of Highway 7 east from Carleton Place, south on Ashton Station Road to Ormrod Road, then east along Flewellyn Road to Stittsville Main Street. It turned north through Stittsville, onto McCooeye Lane, then east onto Neil Avenue and thence Hazeldean Road. It followed Hazeldean Road as it transitioned to Robertson Road at Eagleson Corners.[9][10] Entering Ottawa along Robertson Road and Richmond Road, it converged with Highway 17 along Carling Avenue; Highway 16 also became concurrent with the pair east of Preston Street. All three highways continued west to Highway 31 (Bank Street), which they turned onto and followed together north to Wellington Street.[note 1]
Rerouting
editOutside of Ottawa, Highway 15 has undergone several significant changes throughout its history. While the southern end has consistently been within Kingston, the segment north of Smiths Falls has shifted several times, notably in 1961 and 1983. Both changes relate to the history of Highway 29 — designated in 1927 to connect Brockville with Ottawa — and the Trans-Canada Highway Act. Highway 29 was discontinuous at first, with a gap between Smiths Falls and Carleton Place; Highway 15 provided the only connection between the two.[12][13] The gap was removed on August 5, 1936, when the Franktown Road was assumed by the Department of Highways (DHO).[14] Prior to the early 1930s, Highway 7 did not extend east of Peterborough. A depression-relief project to build a new road between Madoc and Perth was completed on August 23, 1932.[15]
Construction of the Carleton Place Bypass began in the spring of 1958, with the aim of rerouting traffic out of the downtown area. Prior to its completion, Highway 15 entered Carleton Place along High Street, turning south onto Bridge Street, and along Moore Street and Franktown Road to the junction with Highway 29.[16] The bypass, which included a bridge over the Mississippi River and an overpass of what is now the Ottawa Valley Railway, was designated as part of Highway 15 on November 19, 1959.[17] It opened several weeks later in early December as an unpaved route. Paving of the bypass took place the following spring.[18]
When the Trans-Canada Highway Act was passed in 1949, Ontario chose to utilise the availed federal funding to create what is now known as the Central Ontario route, via Highway 7. As a result, travel characteristics, and the numbering of Highway 15 between Perth and Ottawa, led to confusion among motorists. The Ottawa Board of Trade petitioned the DHO to renumber several highways surrounding the city to accommodate long-distance travellers.[19] The DHO performed a series of renumberings, similar to those recommendations, following the extension of Highway 43 on September 8, 1961. Highway 15 was rerouted between Smiths Falls and Carleton Place to travel concurrently with Highway 29; Highway 7 was extended along the former routing from Perth to Carleton Place and signed concurrently with Highway 15 eastward to Ottawa, and Highway 43 was routed between Smiths Falls and Perth.[20][21]
In 1969, a bypass of Barriefield was built, redirecting both Highway 15 and Highway 2 around the historic village.[22] During the early 1980s, Highway 29 was truncated at Smiths Falls, while the Highway 15 designation was retained along the section of Highway 29 between Carleton Place and Arnprior. This change was approved by the provincial government in 1983, without consulting local governments; signage changes were made in the spring of 1984.[23] Highway 15 thereafter remained as the sole route connecting Smiths Falls with Carleton Place, Almonte, and Arnprior.[3]
Downloads
editAs part of a series of budget cuts initiated by premier Mike Harris under his Common Sense Revolution platform in 1995, numerous highways deemed to no longer be of significance to the provincial network were decommissioned, and responsibility for the routes transferred to a lower level of government, a process referred to as downloading. The segment of Highway 15 north of Highway 7 was downloaded in its entirety on January 1, 1998, and transferred to the various local governments through which it travelled.[1][24]
Major intersections
editThe following table lists the major junctions along Highway 15, as noted by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario.[1]
| Division | Location | km[1] | mi | Destinations | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kingston | −6.4 | −4.0 |  Road 2 | Formerly Highway 2; former southern terminus; former section of Highway 15 follows Kingston Road 15 | |
| 0.0 | 0.0 | Highway 401 – Cornwall, Toronto | Highway 401 exit 623; Highway 15 southern terminus | ||
| 1.4 | 0.87 |  Road 21 west (Kingston Mills Road) | |||
| 11.2 | 7.0 |  Road 16 south (Joyceville Road) | |||
| 13.5 | 8.4 |  Road 13 east (Sandhill Road) | |||
| 17.0 | 10.6 |  Road 12 west (Sunbury Road) | |||
| Leeds and Grenville | Leeds and the Thousand Islands | 26.3 | 16.3 |  County Road 47 east (Main Street) | Seeley's Bay |
| 28.4 | 17.6 | County Road 47 west (Main Street) | |||
| 30.7 | 19.1 |  County Road 32 south – Gananoque | Formerly Highway 32 south | ||
| 31.8 | 19.8 |  County Road 33 north (Lyndhurst Road) – Lyndhurst | |||
| Rideau Lakes | 37.2 | 23.1 |  County Road 11 east (Jones Falls Road) | Morton | |
| 45.1 | 28.0 |  County Road 8 east (Main Street) | Elgin | ||
| 48.4 | 30.1 |  County Road 9 west (Chaffey's Lock Road) | |||
| 51.5 | 32.0 |  County Road 42 – Newboro, Westport, Athens | Crosby; formerly Highway 42; to County Road 14 (Narrows Lock Road) | ||
| 66.4 | 41.3 |  County Road 5 south | |||
| 66.4 | 41.3 |  County Road 38 north (Briton-Houghton Bay Road) | |||
| 74.6 | 46.4 |  County Road 1 north (Rideau Ferry Road) | Lombardy | ||
| 74.8 | 46.5 | County Road 1 south (Anglican Church Road) | |||
| Smiths Falls | 83.9 | 52.1 | Beginning of Smiths Falls Connecting Link Agreement | ||
| 85.1 | 52.9 | Brockville Street Jasper Avenue | Formerly Highway 29 south; to County Road 17 south / County Road 29 | ||
| 86.0 | 53.4 | Elmsley Street | Formerly Highway 43 east; former southern end of Highway 43 concurrency; to County Road 43 east | ||
| 86.4 | 53.7 | Cornelia Street W | Formerly Highway 43 west; former northern end of Highway 43 concurrency; to County Road 43 west | ||
| 87.0 | 54.1 | Cornelia Street E | To County Road 4 east (Roger Stevens Drive) | ||
| 88.6 | 55.1 | End of Smiths Falls Connecting Link Agreement | |||
| Lanark | Beckwith | 101.8 | 63.3 |  County Road 10 west (Perth Road) | Franktown |
| 102.8 | 63.9 | County Road 10 east (Richmond Road) | |||
| Carleton Place | 114.7 | 71.3 |  Highway 7 east / TCH – Peterborough, Perth | Northern terminus; former beginning of former Highway 7 concurrency; section of Highway 7 from Perth to Ottawa was formerly Highway 15 before the 1960s | |
| 115.3 | 71.6 |  Lanark County Road 29 begins Highway 7 east / TCH – Ottawa | Former end of former Highway 7 concurrency; former Highway 15 follows County Road 29 | ||
| 118.0 | 73.3 |  County Road 7B west (Townline Road) | Formerly Highway 7B west | ||
| Mississippi Mills | 128.1 | 79.6 | County Road 16 west (Wolf Grove Road) County Road 49 east (Almonte Street) | Almonte; formerly Highway 44 east | |
| Lanark–Ottawa boundary | Mississippi Mills–Ottawa boundary | 147.5– 150.1 | 91.7– 93.3 | Lanark County Road 29 ends Ottawa Road 29 begins | Lanark County Road 29 / Ottawa Road 29 concurrency for 2.6 km (1.6 mi) |
| Ottawa | 154.2 | 95.8 |  Highway 17 / TCH – Ottawa, Pembroke Road 29 north – Arnprior | Former northern terminus; now Highway 417 exit 180; former actual northern terminus location was relocated to Road 29 when Highway 417 was constructed | |
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
| |||||
Notes
edit- ^ a b Liberal interpretation of various topographic maps, Official road maps, distance tables, and measurements on Google Maps appear to indicate that Bank Street and Wellington Street served as the centre point of Ottawa during the 1930s. Various configurations are shown and thus the routing east of the intersection of Richmond Road and Carling Avenue is ambiguous.[7][11]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (2016). "Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) counts". Retrieved January 1, 2021.
- ^ a b "Provincial Highway Assumed in 1920". Annual Report (Report) (1920 ed.). Department of Public Highways. April 26, 1921. pp. 40, 42. Retrieved May 16, 2021 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ a b c d Ontario Back Road Atlas (Map). Cartography by MapArt. Mapart Publishing. 2022. pp. 49, 62. ISBN 1-55198-226-9.
- ^ "Cataraqui Trail". Frontenac Arch Biosphere. Archived from the original on February 10, 2019. Retrieved January 9, 2014.
- ^ "System of Provincial Highways Assumed to November 30, 1921". Annual Report (Report). Department of Public Highways. December 1, 1921. p. 28.
- ^ "Provincial Highways Now Being Numbered". The Canadian Engineer. 49 (8). Monetary Times Print: 246. August 25, 1925.
Numbering of the various provincial highways in Ontario has been commenced by the Department of Public Highways. Resident engineers are now receiving metal numbers to be placed on poles along the provincial highways. These numbers will also be placed on poles throughout cities, towns and villages, and motorists should then have no trouble in finding their way in and out of urban municipalities. Road designations from "2" to "17" have already been allotted...
- ^ a b Ontario Road Map (Map). Cartography by D. Barclay. Ontario Department of Public Highways. 1927. Ottawa, Mileage Tables inset. Archived from the original on May 16, 2021. Retrieved May 16, 2021 – via Archives of Ontario.
- ^ "Metal Plates Will Mark the Highways". The Ottawa Citizen. Vol. 83, no. 73 (Evening ed.). September 12, 1925. p. 1. Retrieved May 16, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Carleton Place, Ontario. Map Sheet 031F01, ed. 2 (Map). 1:63,360. Cartography by Geographical Section. Department of National Defence. 1935. Retrieved May 16, 2021 – via Scholars GeoPortal.
- ^ Kemptville, Ontario. Map Sheet 031G04, ed. 4 (Map). 1:63,360. Cartography by Geographical Section. Department of National Defence. 1936. Retrieved May 16, 2021 – via Scholars GeoPortal.
- ^ Ottawa, Ontario. Map Sheet 031G05, ed. 13 (Map). 1:63,360. Cartography by Geographical Section. Department of National Defence. 1936. Retrieved May 16, 2021 – via Scholars GeoPortal.
- ^ "Appendix No. 6 – Schedule of Assumptions and Reversions of Sections of the Provincial Highway System for the Years 1926 and 1927". Annual Report (Report). Department of Highways. February 12, 1929. p. 60. Retrieved April 30, 2021 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Ontario Road Map (Map). Cartography by D. Barclay. Ontario Department of Public Highways. 1928. §§ J3–K4. Archived from the original on March 4, 2022. Retrieved May 7, 2021 – via Archives of Ontario.
- ^ "Appendix No. 4 – Schedule of Assumptions and Reversions of Sections of the King's Highway System for the Fiscal Year". Annual Report (Report). Department of Highways. February 23, 1938. p. 51. Retrieved April 30, 2021 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Staff (August 25, 1932). "Premier Henry Uses the Axe". The Windsor Star. p. 6. Retrieved May 17, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Inglis, Fred (November 25, 1959). "New Route of Highway 15 To Bypass Carleton Place". The Ottawa Citizen. Vol. 115, no. 204. p. 10. Retrieved May 17, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Appendix No. 3A – Schedule of Designations and Redesignations of Sections of the King's Highway and Secondary Highway System for the Fiscal Year". Annual Report (Report) (1960 ed.). Department of Highways. December 20, 1960. p. 264.
- ^ Inglis, Fred (November 25, 1959). "Carleton Place Bypass Opening In Two Weeks". The Ottawa Citizen. Vol. 117, no. 126. p. 7. Retrieved May 17, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Ask Sweeping Road Scheme". The Ottawa Citizen. Vol. 113, no. 159. January 6, 1956. pp. 1, 7. Retrieved December 15, 2011 – via Google News.
- ^ Information Section (September 8, 1961). "Press Release (no title given)" (Press release). Department of Highways.
- ^ "New Numbers on Highways in District". The Ottawa Citizen. Vol. 188, no. 667. September 15, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved May 13, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "The Creation of Barriefield Village" (PDF). The Barriefield Village Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 27, 2012. Retrieved June 27, 2012.
- ^ "Almonte on Wrong Track When it Comes to Tourists". The Ottawa Citizen (Capital ed.). June 1, 1984. p. 3. Retrieved May 13, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Highway Transfers List – "Who Does What" (Report). Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. June 20, 2001. pp. 2–3, 8.
