Owain Danwyn (fl. 440) was a king of Rhos in Gwynedd, northwestern Wales, in the mid-5th century. He was the son of Einion Yrth ap Cunedda and the father of Cynlas Goch, probably the Cuneglasus excoriated by Gildas. Very little is known of his life. Graham Phillips and Martin Keatman proposed a theory that he was the historical figure behind the legend of King Arthur.
History
editOwain Danwyn (Old Welsh Dantguin, also spelled Ddanwyn, Ddantgwyn, etc., meaning "White Tooth"), is known from several medieval genealogies of the kings of Rhos. Most of these concur that he was the son of Einion Yrth ap Cunedda and grandson of Cunedda, founder of the Gwynedd dynasty in North Wales.[1] His brother was Cadwallon Lawhir ap Einion, known from the Gwynedd pedigrees.[2] Owain was the father of Cynlas Goch, who is identified with the prince named Cuneglasus who Gildas castigated for his various sins in De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae. According to the Bonedd y Saint, a genealogy of British saints, Owain was also the father of the saints Einion Frenin, Seiriol and Meirion, and in some versions, Hawystl Gloff.[1]
According to Gildas, Maelgwn, the son of Owain's brother Cadwallon, took the throne of Gwynedd by murdering an uncle. Peter Bartrum suggests this may have been Owain, though he notes that Gildas' term avunculus typically refers to a maternal uncle.[3]
Arthurian identification
editWriters Graham Phillips and Martin Keatman proposed that Owain Danwyn was the historical basis for the legendary King Arthur. This theory is based partly on their interpretation of the British power structure in the 5th century and interpretations of names and epithets associated with Owain's family. According to Phillips and Keatman, "Arthur" was Owain's honorific title, meaning "Bear", and his capital was Viroconium in Shropshire, England.[4]
Charles T. Wood commented that their thesis lacked conclusive proof but noted that their book was "always accurate in its use of sources and seldom wildly farfetched in the conclusions it draws".[5] Rodney Castleden criticized the assumptions Phillips and Keatman based their conclusions on.[6]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Bartrum, Peter (1993). "Owain Danwyn ab Einion Yrth". A Welsh Classical Dictionary: People in History and Legend up to about A.D. 1000 (PDF). National Library of Wales. p. 594. ISBN 0907158730.
- ^ Bartrum, Peter (1993). "Cadwallon Lawhir ap Einion Yrth". A Welsh Classical Dictionary: People in History and Legend up to about A.D. 1000 (PDF). National Library of Wales. p. 94. ISBN 0907158730.
- ^ Bartrum, Peter (1993). "Maelgwn Gwynedd". A Welsh Classical Dictionary: People in History and Legend up to about A.D. 1000 (PDF). National Library of Wales. p. 500. ISBN 0907158730.
- ^ Graham Phillips and Martin Keatman; King Arthur: The True Story, Century, 1992.
- ^ Wood, Charles T. (Fall 1995). "Reviewed Works: From Scythia to Camelot: A Radical Reassessment of the Legends of King Arthur, the Knights of the Round Table and the Holy Grail, by C. Scott Littleton and Linda A. Malcor; and King Arthur: The True Story by Graham Phillips and Martin Keatman". Arthuriana. 5 (3). doi:10.1353/art.1995.0033. JSTOR 27869131.
- ^ Castleden, Rodney (2003). King Arthur: The Truth Behind the Legend. Routledge. p. 124. ISBN 1134373775.