Theodore (Theodoros) II (Greek: Πάπας και Πατριάρχης Αλεξανδρείας και πάσης Αφρικής Θεόδωρος Β΄; born Nikolaos Khoreftakis (Νικόλαος Χορευτάκης), November 25, 1954) is the Eastern Orthodox Patriarch of Alexandria and all Africa.[1] He was previously a monk in the Agarathos Holy Monastery of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary.[2][3]
Theodore II Θεόδωρος Β΄ | |
|---|---|
| Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and All Africa | |
 | |
| Church | Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria |
| See | Alexandria |
| Elected | 9 October 2004 |
| Installed | 24 October 2004 |
| Predecessor | Peter VII |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 1975 |
| Consecration | 23 April 1978 |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Nikolaos Horeftakis November 25, 1954 |
| Denomination | Eastern Orthodox Church |
| Alma mater | Rizarios Ecclesiastical School |
Early life and education
editHe was born in the Greek island of Crete in 1954, where he completed his schooling. He is a graduate of the Rizarios Ecclesiastical School in Athens and holds a degree from the Theology Department of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. He also studied History of Art, Literature and Philosophy in Odesa.[4]
He was ordained as Deacon in 1975 and Archbishop on 23 April 1978 by Metropolitan of Lambis and Sfakion Theodore Tzedakis. From 1975 to 1985, he served as Archdeacon and Chancellor of the Holy Metropolis of Lambis and Sfakion in Crete, where he developed significant Preaching and Philanthropic activities (hostels for needy youth, etc.). From 1985 to 1990 he served as Patriarchal Exarch in Russia, based in the Ukrainian city of Odesa, during the tenure of Patriarchs Nicholas VI and Parthenios.
Years of ministry
editTheodore established the Institution of Hellenic Culture and the Philiki Eterea Museum with 600 children, where they were taught a thorough knowledge of Greek. In 1990, he was ordained Bishop of Kyrene and was appointed Representative of Patriarch Parthenios in Athens (1990–97). He always accompanied Patriarch Parthenios on his travels throughout Africa and to many international, interfaith and theological conferences.
In 1997, he was appointed Patriarchal Vicar of Alexandria by Patriarch Petros VII to assist him at the outset of his Patriarchate and after ten months he was elected as Metropolitan of Cameroon.[5] He greatly developed missionary activity there. He built churches, schools and hospitals, helping many Africans and local Greeks. In 2002, he was transferred to the Holy Metropolis of Zimbabwe, where he established four missionary centres in Harare, a Hellenic Cultural Centre for 400 delegates, two large missionary centres in Malawi, with a hospital, technical schools and nursery schools. Aided by the Greek Parliament he renovated the Hellenic Square (School-Church-Vicarage) in Beira, Mozambique. He founded churches and contributed to the establishment of the Hellenic Communities of Botswana and Angola.
Patriarch of Alexandria
editFollowing the sudden death of late Patriarch Petros in a helicopter crash, Theodore was unanimously elected on October 9, 2004 by the Synod of the Alexandrian Throne as Patriarch. The enthronement ceremony took place at the Cathedral of Annunciation in Alexandria, on Sunday, October 24, 2004, in the presence of distinguished religious and civilian representatives and a great number of faithful. He is the seventh of Patriarch of Alexandria of Cretan origin after Silvester, Meletius Pigas, Cyrillos Lucaris, Gerasimus Palladas, Gerasimus Spartaliotis and Meletius Metaxakis.[6]
On 8 November 2019, Patriarch Theodore II formally recognised the autocephaly granted by the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople to the Orthodox Church of Ukraine earlier that year.[7][8] In response, the Moscow Patriarchate (the ROC) severed eucharistic communion with Patriarch Theodore and the like-minded bishops of his church, a decision that was confirmed by the Standing Holy Synod of the ROC on 26 December 2019.[9][10][11]
Awards
edit- Order of the Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Grand Prince Vladimir I degree (ROC, 2007)[12]
- Order of Glory and Honor I degree (ROC, 2013)[13]
- Order of the UOC-MP of the Monks Anthony and Theodosius of the Kyiv-Pechersk I degree (2007)
- The Golden Order of St. George (Georgian Orthodox Church, 2008)[14]
- The Patriarch Alexy II Prize "For outstanding activities to strengthen the unity of Orthodox peoples. For the approval and promotion of Christian values in the life of society" (2012)[15]
- Order of the Serbian flag of the I degree (September 26, 2017, Serbia)[16]
- Medal of the Holy Apostle and Evangelist John the Theologian, 1st Degree (December 6, 2017, St. Petersburg Theological Academy)[17]
References
edit- ^ "AngolaPress - News". www.angolapress-angop.ao. Retrieved 2008-05-12.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "ΒΙΟΓΡΑΦΙΚΟ ΣΗΜΕΙΩΜΑ". Πατριαρχείο Αλεξανδρείας (in Greek). 2022-11-16. Archived from the original on 2023-12-10. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
- ^ "Ο γιος του χωροφύλακα που έγινε ο διάδοχος του Ευαγγελιστή Μάρκου". Romfea.gr - Όλη η Ορθοδοξία με ένα κλικ! (in Greek). 2015-04-07. Archived from the original on 2019-12-22. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
- ^ "Πατριαρχείο Αλεξανδρείας". Πατριαρχείο Αλεξανδρείας (in Greek). 2022-11-12. Archived from the original on 2023-12-10. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
- ^ Блаженнейший Патриарх Александрийский Феодор II(Blessed Patriarch Theodore II of Alexandria) (In Russian) Retrieved on 28 Feb 2018
- ^ Состоялась интронизация новоизбранного Предстоятеля Александрийской Православной Церкви (in Russian) Archived 2018-02-28 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 28 Feb 2018
- ^ "The Patriarchate of Alexandria recognizes the Autocephalous Church of Ukraine (upd)". Orthodox Times. 2019-11-08. Archived from the original on 2019-11-08. Retrieved 2019-11-08.
- ^ "Letter sent by Patriarch Theodore to hierarchs on recognition of Ukrainian autocephaly". Orthodox Times. 2019-11-08. Archived from the original on 2019-11-08. Retrieved 2019-11-08.
- ^ "Священный Синод принял меры в связи с признанием Предстоятелем Александрийского Патриархата раскольнической структуры на Украине". patriarchia.ru (in Russian). 26 December 2019. Archived from the original on 2019-12-27. Retrieved 2019-12-26.
- ^ "ROC breaks off the communion with Patriarch of Alexandria because of their recognition of OCU, - the decision of the Synod". risu.org.ua. 26 December 2019. Archived from the original on 2019-12-28. Retrieved 2019-12-28.
- ^ "РПЦ считает невозможным дальнейшее поминовение Александрийского патриарха". www.interfax-religion.ru. 2019-11-08. Archived from the original on 2019-11-08. Retrieved 2019-11-08.
- ^ Предстоятели Александрийской и Русской Православных Церквей вручили друг другу церковные награды Retrieved on 28 Feb 2018
- ^ Состоялась встреча Святейшего Патриарха Кирилла с Предстоятелем Александрийской Православной Церкви Archived 2018-03-01 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 28 Feb 2018
- ^ Александрийский Патриарх удостоен высшей награды Грузинской Православной Церкви Archived 2018-03-01 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 28 Feb 2018
- ^ Состоялась братская беседа Предстоятеля Русской Православной Церкви с Блаженнейшим Патриархом Александрийским Феодором Archived 2018-02-28 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 28 Feb 2018
- ^ Alexandrian Patriarch Theodoros II awarded by President of Serbia Aleksandar Vucic with the order of Great Cross of Apostle Mark. A high state order handed in to Patriarch Theodoros II Archived 2018-02-28 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 28 Feb 2018
- ^ «НЕСМОТРЯ НА ТО, ЧТО НА ГОЛОВЕ У МЕНЯ ТИАРА, А НА ГРУДИ ПАНАГИЯ – В СЕРДЦЕ Я ОСТАЮСЬ МИССИОНЕРОМ». ПАТРИАРХ ФЕОДОР II ПОСЕТИЛ ДУХОВНУЮ АКАДЕМИЮ Archived 2017-12-09 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 28 Feb 2018