Lieutenant General Percy Kirke (c. 1646 – 31 October 1691), English soldier, was the son of George Kirke, a court official to Charles I and Charles II.
Sir Percy Kirke | |
|---|---|
 Painting of Percy Kirke, c. 1680 | |
| Born | c. 1646 |
| Died | 31 October 1691 (aged 45 yrs) Brussels, Belgium |
| Allegiance | England |
| Rank | Lieutenant General |
| Battles / wars | Franco-Dutch War Monmouth Rebellion Glorious Revolution |
Career
editIn 1666 Kirke obtained his first Army commission in Lord Admiral's regiment, and subsequently served in the Blues. In 1673 he was with Monmouth at Maastricht during the Franco-Dutch War and was present during two campaigns with Turenne on the Rhine.[1] In 1680 he was promoted lieutenant-colonel, and soon afterwards colonel of the 2nd Tangier Regiment (afterwards the King's Own Royal Lancaster Regiment).[2] In 1682 he became Governor of Tangier[2] and colonel of the Tangier Regiment (afterwards the Queens Royal West Surrey Regiment).[1] That same year, he visited Meknes, where Moulay Ismail, as a gesture of goodwill, freed one of his English slaves and delivered him to Kirke.[3]
In the view of the historian Thomas Babington Macaulay, he was "a military adventurer whose vices had been developed by the worst of all schools, Tangier.... Within the ramparts of his fortress he was a despotic prince. The only check on his tyranny was the fear of being called to account by a distant and a careless government. He might therefore safely proceed to the most audacious excesses of rapacity, licentiousness, and cruelty. He lived with boundless dissoluteness, and procured by extortion the means of indulgence."
Kirke commanded his regiment at the Battle of Sedgemoor in July 1685 during the Monmouth Rebellion and then ruthlessly hunted down the fugitives after the battle.[1]
Brigadier Kirke took a notable part in the Glorious Revolution three years later, and William III promoted him. He commanded at the relief of Derry, breaking the Jacobite Irish Army's siege of the city. Following the Battle of the Boyne on 1 July 1690, he oversaw the Capture of Waterford, Ireland's second largest settlement at the time, on 25 July 1690.[1] He took part in his last campaign in Flanders in 1691.
He was appointed a Groom of the Bedchamber to King William from 1689 to his death. He also briefly served as MP for West Looe as a Tory in 1689–90.[4]
He died, with the rank of lieutenant general, at Brussels on 31 October 1691.[1] His eldest son, Lieutenant General Percy Kirke (1684–1741), was also colonel of the Lambs.[1]
Notes
edit- ^ a b c d e f "Kirke, Percy (d. 1691)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 28 February 2016.
- ^ a b "Percy Kirke". King's Own Royal Regiment Museum Lancaster. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- ^ (Claudio 2012, The Last Account from Fez, in a Letter from One of the Embassy to a Person of Honor in London, containing a Relation of Colonel Kirk’s Reception at Mequinez, by the Emperor, with Several Passages in Relation to the Affairs at Tangiers (1682)): «perceiving an English slave at his labour, his Majesty, after a very gracious manner, gave him his liberty and gave him to Col. Kirk»
- ^ Watson, Paula. "Percy Kirke". History of Parliament.
Bibliography
edit- Claudio, Vicki, ed. (2012). A Pastoral Letter to the Captives. Exagorazo Press. ISBN 978-1441417930.
References
edit- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Kirke, Percy". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 833.
