Plain White Banner

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The Plain White Banner (Chinese: 正白旗; pinyin: Zhèng Bái Qí) was one of the Eight Banners of Manchu military and society during the Later Jin and Qing dynasty of China. It was one of the three "upper" banners (Plain Yellow Banner, Bordered Yellow Banner, and Plain White Banner) directly controlled by the emperor, as opposed to the other five "lower" banners.[1][2] The Hoise Niru was a military unit associated with the Plain White Banner.

Plain White Banner
Plain White Banner
Active1601 – 1912
CountryLater Jin
 Qing dynasty
Part ofEight Banners
Commanderthe Emperor
Plain White Banner
Chinese name
Chinese正白旗
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyinzhèngbáiqí
Mongolian name
Mongolian CyrillicШулуун цагаан хошуу
Manchu name
Manchu scriptᡤᡠᠯᡠ ᡧᠠᠩᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡤᡡᠰᠠ
Möllendorffgulu šanggiyan gūsa

Notable members

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Notable clans

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References

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  1. ^ Wakeman 1985, p. 158.
  2. ^ Elliott 2001, pp. 404–405.


Bibliography

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  • Elliott, Mark C. (2001), The Manchu Way: The Eight Banners and Ethnic Identity in Late Imperial China, Stanford University Press, ISBN 9780804746847
  • Wakeman, Frederic Jr. (1985), The Great Enterprise: The Manchu Reconstruction of Imperial Order in Seventeenth-century China, Berkeley: University of California Press, ISBN 0520048040
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