Pochinok (Russian: Почи́нок) is a town and the administrative center of Pochinkovsky District in Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Khmara River (Dnieper's basin) 62 kilometers (39 mi) southeast of Smolensk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 8,776 (2010 Census);[3] 9,578 (2002 Census);[8] 10,753 (1989 Soviet census).[9]
Pochinok
Починок | |
|---|---|
Location of Pochinok  | |
  Pochinok Location of Pochinok  Pochinok Pochinok (Smolensk Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 54°24′N 32°27′E / 54.400°N 32.450°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Smolensk Oblast[1] |
| Administrative district | Pochinkovsky District[1] |
| Urban settlement | Pochinkovskoye[1] |
| Village | 1811[2] |
| Town status since | 1926[2] |
| Area | |
• Total | 10.46 km2 (4.04 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 205 m (673 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 8,776 |
| • Density | 840/km2 (2,200/sq mi) |
| • Capital of | Pochinkovsky District,[1] Pochinkovskoye Urban Settlement[1] |
| • Municipal district | Pochinkovsky Municipal District[4] |
| • Urban settlement | Pochinkovskoye Urban Settlement[4] |
| • Capital of | Pochinkovsky Municipal District,[4] Pochinkovskoye Urban Settlement[5] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [6]) |
| Postal code(s)[7] | 216450, 216499 |
| OKTMO ID | 66633101001 |
History
editPochinok has been known since 1811 as a village. It belonged to Yelninsky Uyezd of Smolensk Governorate. In 1926, it was granted a town status.[2][10] In October 1928, Yelninsky Uyezd was abolished and split between Smolensky, Roslavlsky, and Vyazemsky Uyezds.[11] Pochinok was transferred to Smolensky Uyezd.
On 12 July 1929, governorates and uyezds were abolished, and Pochinkovsky District with the administrative center in the town of Pochinok was established. The district belonged to Roslavl Okrug of Western Oblast. On August 1, 1930, the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were subordinated directly to the oblast. On 27 September 1937 Western Oblast was abolished and split between Oryol and Smolensk Oblasts. Pochinkovsky District was transferred to Smolensk Oblast. Between 1941 and 1943, during WWII, the town was occupied by German troops.[12]
Administrative and municipal status
editWithin the framework of administrative divisions, Pochinok serves as the administrative center of Pochinkovsky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Pochinkovsky District as Pochinkovskoye Urban Settlement.[1] As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Pochinkovsky Municipal District.[4]
Economy
editIndustry
editThere are enterprises of textile and food industries in Pochinok.[13]
Transportation
edit
A railway connecting Smolensk and Bryansk goes through Pochinok. Pochinok is the main railway station within Pochinkovsky district.
The R120 road (formerly A141), which connects Smolensk with Bryansk and Oryol, passes close to Pochinok. There is a road between Pochinok and Yelnya, as well as another one across the border to Mstsislaw where it continues to Orsha and Krychaw. There are also local roads with bus traffic originating from Pochinok.
Military
editSince the Cold War, nearby Shatalovo air base has been a major training and operations facility for Soviet and Russian Air Force combat crews.
Culture and recreation
editIn Pochinok, there is a local museum which was opened in 2000. The expositions highlight history of the district.[14]
Notable people
editThe most famous native of Pochinok is the artist and designer El Lissitzky.
Geography
editClimate
editPochinok has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).
| Climate data for Pochinok | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −4.4 (24.1) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
1.9 (35.4) |
11.2 (52.2) |
17.5 (63.5) |
20.6 (69.1) |
23.2 (73.8) |
21.9 (71.4) |
16.1 (61.0) |
8.9 (48.0) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
9.5 (49.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.5 (20.3) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
6.6 (43.9) |
13.2 (55.8) |
16.7 (62.1) |
19.3 (66.7) |
17.9 (64.2) |
12.5 (54.5) |
6.2 (43.2) |
0.7 (33.3) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
6.3 (43.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −9 (16) |
−9 (16) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
1.5 (34.7) |
8 (46) |
11.8 (53.2) |
14.7 (58.5) |
13.5 (56.3) |
8.6 (47.5) |
3.3 (37.9) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
2.6 (36.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 52 (2.0) |
45 (1.8) |
45 (1.8) |
46 (1.8) |
72 (2.8) |
84 (3.3) |
94 (3.7) |
78 (3.1) |
64 (2.5) |
69 (2.7) |
55 (2.2) |
50 (2.0) |
754 (29.7) |
| Source: https://en.climate-data.org/asia/russian-federation/smolensk-oblast/pochinok-55753/ | |||||||||||||
References
editNotes
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i Resolution #261
- ^ a b c Историческая справка (in Russian). Pochinkovsky District Administration. Retrieved May 22, 2018.
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b c d Law #132-z
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Федеральное агентство по технологическому регулированию и метрологии. №ОК 033-2013 1 января 2014 г. «Общероссийский классификатор территорий муниципальных образований. Код 66 633 101». (Federal State Statistics Service. Federal Agency on Technological Regulation and Metrology. #OK 033-2013 January 1, 2014 Russian Classification of Territories of Municipal Formations. Code 66 633 101. ).
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Починковский район - Администрация Смоленской области (in Russian). Smolensk Oblast Administration. Retrieved May 22, 2018.
- ^ Москалев, О.Л. История системы образования (in Russian). Museum of History of Education of Smolensk Oblast. Retrieved May 22, 2018.
- ^ Борис Парфенов; Ольга Хоренженкова. К истории формирования Смоленской области (in Russian). Смоленск. Retrieved May 21, 2018.
- ^ Инвестиционный паспорт (PDF) (in Russian). Pochinkovsky District Administration. 2016. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
- ^ Муниципальное бюджетное учреждение культуры «Починковский историко-краеведческий музей» (in Russian). Муниципальное бюджетное учреждение культуры «Починковский историко-краеведческий музей». Retrieved May 17, 2018.
Sources
edit- Администрация Смоленской области. Постановление №261 от 30 апреля 2008 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц и территориальных единиц Смоленской области», в ред. Постановления №464 от 27 июня 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в реестр административно-территориальных единиц и территориальных единиц Смоленской области». Опубликован: База данных "Консультант-плюс". (Administration of Smolensk Oblast. Resolution #261 of April 30, 2008 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and Territorial Units of Smolensk Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #464 of June 27, 2014 On Amending the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and Territorial Units of Smolensk Oblast. ).
- Смоленская областная Дума. Закон №132-з от 28 декабря 2004 г. «О наделении статусом муниципального района муниципального образования "Починковский район" Смоленской области, об установлении границ муниципальных образований, территории которых входят в его состав, и наделении их соответствующим статусом», в ред. Закона №103-з от 23 ноября 2011 г. «О внесении изменений в областной Закон "О наделении статусом муниципального района муниципального образования "Починковский район" Смоленской области, об установлении границ муниципальных образований, территории которых входят в его состав, и наделении их соответствующим статусом"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вестник Смоленской областной Думы и Администрации Смоленской области", №14, часть II, стр. 69, 30 декабря 2004 г. (Smolensk Oblast Duma. Law #132-z of December 28, 2004 On Granting the Status of the Municipal District to the Municipal Formation of "Pochinkovsky District" of Smolensk Oblast, on Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations the Territories of Which It Comprises, and on Granting Them Appropriate Status, as amended by the Law #103-z of November 23, 2011 On Amending the Oblast Law "On Granting the Status of the Municipal District to the Municipal Formation of "Pochinkovsky District" of Smolensk Oblast, on Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations the Territories of Which It Comprises, and on Granting Them Appropriate Status". Effective as of the official publication date.).