The Qalb Loze massacre was a massacre of Syrian Druzites on 10 June 2015 in the village of Qalb Loze in Syria's northwestern Idlib Governorate. The village was under the control of a coalition of Islamist rebels, when a Tunisian commander of one group in the coalition, the al-Nusra Front, tried to confiscate the house of a villager accused of working for the Syrian government.
| Qalb Loze massacre | |
|---|---|
| Part of the Syrian Civil War | |
  | |
| Location | Qalb Loze, Idlib Governorate |
| Date | 10 June 2015 |
| _target | Druze |
Attack type | Shootout/massacre |
| Deaths | 20–24 Druze, 3 al-Nusra Front members |
| Perpetrators | Al-Nusra Front |
When the villagers protested, A Tunisian Nusra fighter called Abu Abd al-Rahman Al-Tunisi and his men opened fire on the protesting villagers,[1][2] who were accused of blasphemy.[3] A Nusra fighter claimed the villagers opened fire first.[2] In the end, 20 people, including elderly individuals and a child, were killed. Three al-Nusra fighters were also killed.[4] Two days later, a report put the number of Druze killed at 24.[citation needed]
Despite claims by the Nusra Front that those responsible for the crime would be held accountable,[1] Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Tunisi, the primary perpetrator, remained free for years following the incident. He was ultimately killed in a firefight with Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) in 2021 when he was involved in the kidnapping and murder of the education minister of HTS's Salvation Government.[5] Notably, according to the majority of Islamic jurisprudence schools, a Muslim cannot be executed as punishment (Qisas) for killing a non-Muslim (Kafir), even if the non-Muslim holds the status of Dhimmi (a legally protected person). In such cases, only blood money (Diyya) is required as compensation.[6] However, if the victim does not hold Dhimmi status, no Diyya is required to be paid.[7] According to Sunni schools of theology, Druze are generally not considered Muslims.[8]
The massacre sparked widespread condemnation in neighbouring Lebanon, which has a considerable Druze minority. Walid Jumblatt responded that "Any inciting rhetoric will not be beneficial, and you should remember that Bashar Assad’s policies pushed Syria into this chaos".[9] In contrast, the Lebanese Druze party chief and former government minister Wiam Wahhab urged the Druze to form an armed force to defend their community in an angry televised speech saying “We will not accept to sell Druze blood!“. His call was much in line with that of the Syrian Druze spiritual leader who directed the Druze to join the Syrian Army.[10] Subsequently, Druze fighters from Sweida assisted the Syrian Army in recapturing an airbase from the Nusra Front.[11] Prior to the Qalb Loze killings, Nusra had forced hundreds of Druze to convert to Sunni Islam, as well as desecrating their graves and destroying shrines.[12][13] On June 22, a group of Druze lynched a wounded Syrian in the Golan Heights who was being transported to Israel for treatment, as they claimed he was a rebel fighter.[14]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b bassamalahmed (2022-11-24). "Idlib's Druze Complain of Persecution". Syrians for Truth and Justice. Retrieved 2024-12-28.
- ^ a b Barnard, Anne (11 June 2015). "Syrian Druse Reconsider Alliances After Deadly Attack". NYT. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
- ^ "Al-Qaeda Syria branch tries to reassure Druze after shoot-out". AFP. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
- ^ Al-Nusra Front Kills 20 Druze in Syria Abdel Rahman said some of the villagers had weapons and returned fire, killing three members of Al-Nusra in reaction.
- ^ "Murder stalks north Syria's Druze and suspicion falls on Uyghur militants". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 2024-12-28.
- ^ Amanullah, Muhammad (2018). "Juristic Differences over the Implementation of Qiṣāṣ against a Muslim Who Kills a Non-Muslim". Arab Law Quarterly. 32 (2): 185–203. ISSN 0268-0556.
- ^ "ماذا يلزم في قتل الكافر خطأ ذمياً أو محارباً". www.islamweb.net (in Arabic). Retrieved 2024-12-28.
- ^ "Druze in Syria". Archived from the original on 2024-12-15. Retrieved 2024-12-28.
- ^ "Killings of Syrian Druze draws wide condemnation". The Daily Star Newspaper - Lebanon. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
- ^ Lora Moftah (11 June 2015). "Who Are The Druze? Minority Sect In Peril After Syrian Al Qaeda Branch Slaughters Villagers". International Business Times. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
- ^ "Syrian Druze join battle to push back rebels in south". Yahoo News. 12 June 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
- ^ "Syria conflict: Al-Nusra fighters kill Druze villagers". BBC News. 11 June 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
- ^ "Nusra Front kills Syrian villagers from minority Druze sect". thestar.com. 11 June 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
- ^ "Israel Arrests Several Druze after 'Lynching' of Syrian". Naharnet. Retrieved 27 July 2015.