Roshan Ara Begum (Urdu: رَوشن آرا بیگم) (1917 – 6 December 1982) was a vocalist belonging to the Kirana gharana (singing style) of Hindustani classical music.[1][2] She is also known by her honorific title Malika-e-Mauseeqi (The Queen of Music) and The Queen of Classical Music in both Pakistan and India.[1][3][4]
Malika-e-Mauseeqi Roshan Ara Begum | |
|---|---|
| رَوشن آرا بیگم | |
| Born | Waheed-un-Nisa 1917 |
| Died | 6 December 1982 (aged 64–65) |
| Occupations |
|
| Years active | 1926 - 1982 |
| Style | Thumri • Khayal • Ghazal |
| Television | PTV Pakistani television |
| Title | Malika-e-Mauseeqi (Queen of Music) The Queen of Classical Music |
| Spouse | Chaudhry Ahmed Khan (husband) |
| Children | 2 |
| Parent(s) | Abdul Haq Khan (father) Chanda Begum (mother) |
| Relatives | Abdul Karim Khan (co-founder of Kirana gharana of classical music) |
| Awards | Pride of Performance Award by the President of Pakistan (1960) Sitara-e-Imtiaz (Star of Excellence) Award by the Government of Pakistan (1962) |
Early life and training
editBorn in the Indian city of Kolkata in undivided India. She was the daughter of Abdul Haq Khan and Chanda Begum, and the cousin of Ustad Abdul Karim Khan, also of the Kirana gharana.[1]
Possessing a rich, mature, and mellifluous voice that could easily lend itself to a wide range of intricate classical music pieces, her singing features a full-throated voice, short and delicate passages of sur, lyricism, romantic appeal, and swift taans. All these flourishes were combined in her unique style, which reached its peak from 1945 to 1982. Her vigorous style of singing was interspersed with bold strokes and layakari. She had control over a wide range of ragas. Melody was considered the most important feature of her singing.[1][3]
Born in Calcutta in 1917, Roshan Ara Begum visited Lahore during her teens to participate in musical soirées held at the residences of affluent citizens of Chun Peer in Mohalla Peer Gillaanian at Mochi Gate, Lahore, British India (now in Pakistan).[1] During her occasional visits to the city, she also broadcast songs from the then All India Radio station in Lahore, and her professional name was announced as Bombaywali Roshan Ara Begum. She had acquired this popular nomenclature because she shifted to Mumbai, then known as Bombay, in the late 1930s, to live near her cousin Abdul Karim Khan, from whom she took lessons in Hindustani classical music for 15 years.[1][3][2]
Roshan Ara Begum was also invited to the Royal Courts by the Nawabs and Princes; at their courts, she would sing songs.
In the 1930s, Roshan Ara was selected due to her singing, as at that time, heroines were also required to be trained in singing. She worked in four films in Hindi, Urdu, and Punjabi as the leading lady.[2]
A senior police officer in Bombay and a music lover, Chaudhry Ahmed Khan, approached her with an offer of marriage in 1944. Roshan Ara Begum consulted her tutor, Ustad Abdul Karim Khan, about it. She finally accepted the marriage offer on the condition that she would not have to give up her music after marriage. Her husband kept his promise, and she continued to sing throughout her life.[3] In Mumbai, she lived in a sprawling bungalow with her husband, Chaudhry Ahmed Khan.[3]
Career
editMelody was considered the most important feature of her singing.[1][3]
Migrating to Pakistan in 1948 after the partition of India, Roshan Ara Begum and her husband settled in Lalamusa, a small town in Punjab, Pakistan, from which her husband hailed. Although far away from Lahore, the cultural centre of Pakistan, she would travel back and forth to participate in music, radio, and television programmes.[1][3]
A widely respected classical music patron of Pakistan, Hayat Ahmad Khan approached her and convinced her to become one of the founding members of All Pakistan Music Conference in 1959. To promote classical music, this organization continues to hold annual music festivals in different cities of the Pakistan even today.[2][5]
She was called "Malika-e-Mauseeqi" (Queen of Music) in Pakistan.[1][3] She would wake up early in the morning and start her 'riyaz' (musical practice) after her morning religious prayers. She decided to adopt a boy and a girl since she herself remained childless.[3][2]
Roshan Ara Begum also sang some film songs, mostly under music composers like Anil Biswas, Feroz Nizami, and Tassaduq Hussain, for films such as Pehali Nazar (1945), Jugnu (1947), Kismet (1956), Roopmati Baaz Bahadur (1960), and Neela Parbat (1969).[citation needed]
Classical musicians Bade Fateh Ali Khan, Amanat Ali Khan of Patiala gharana, and Ustad Salamat Ali Khan of Sham Chaurasia gharana used to listen to her recordings for their own enjoyment.[3]
Personal life
editRoshan Ara Begum was the cousin of Abdul Karim Khan. Later she married Chaudhry Ahmed Khan and settled with him in Lalamusa, Punjab,Pakistan where she adopted two children.[2]
Illness and death
editShe died due to cardiac arrest in Pakistan at Lahore on 6 December 1982 at the age of 65.[4]
Awards and recognition
editRoshan Ara Begum received the Sitara-e-Imtiaz Award, or (Star of Excellence) Award, in 1962 and the Pride of Performance Award in 1960 from the President of Pakistan. She was the first female vocalist to be awarded the Sitara-e-Imtiaz.[3]
| Year | Award | Category | Result | Title | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | Pride of Performance | Award by the President of Pakistan | Won | Herself | [2] |
| 1962 | Sitara-e-Imtiaz | Award by the President of Pakistan | Won | Herself | [2] |
| 1970 | EMI Silver Disc Awards | Best Ghazal Singer | Won | Herself | [6] |
Bibliography
edit- Kirana, by Roshan Ara Begum. Published by Gramophone Co. of India,
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Roshan Ara Begum profile". Cineplot.com website. 11 May 2010. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Amjad Parvez (12 June 2018). "Roshan Ara Begum -- the queen of sub-continent's classical music". Daily Times newspaper. Archived from the original on 11 December 2023. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Profile of Roshan Ara Begum". travel-culture.com website. Archived from the original on 1 December 2023. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
- ^ a b Haroon Shuaib (16 February 2022). "Khawaja Najamul Hassan and Roshan Ara Begum: The Queen of Classical Music: Part IV". Youlin Magazine. Archived from the original on 16 October 2023. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
- ^ Ali Usman (18 October 2010). "APMC (All Pakistan Music Conference) celebrates 50 years". The Express Tribune newspaper. Archived from the original on 14 February 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
- ^ Haroon Shuaib (2 February 2022). "Khawaja Najamul Hassan Remembers Farida Khanum: The Queen of Ghazal: Part III". Youlin Magazine. Archived from the original on 16 October 2023. Retrieved 7 May 2024.