SMS Fuchs was a steam gunboat of the Jäger class built for the Prussian Navy in the late 1850s and early 1860s. The ship was ordered as part of a program to strengthen Prussia's coastal defense forces, then oriented against neighboring Denmark. She was armed with a battery of three guns. The ship saw limited time in service. She was activated during the Second Schleswig War in 1864 and the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, but she did not engage enemy vessels during either conflict. Fuchs served as a gunnery training ship in the late 1870s and early 1880s, and was then used as a storage hulk for a few years before being broken up.
 Fuchs
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 Prussia | |
| Name | Fuchs |
| Builder | J. W. Klawitter, Danzig |
| Laid down | 1859 |
| Launched | 14 February 1860 |
| Commissioned | 1860 |
| Stricken | 14 November 1882 |
| Fate | Broken up |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Gunboat |
| Displacement | |
| Length | 41.2 m (135 ft 2 in) |
| Beam | 6.69 m (21 ft 11 in) |
| Draft | 2.2 m (7 ft 3 in) |
| Installed power | |
| Propulsion |
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| Speed | 9 knots (17 km/h; 10 mph) |
| Complement |
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| Armament |
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Design
editThe Jäger class of gunboats came about as a result of a program to strengthen the Prussian Navy in the late 1850s in the aftermath of the dissolution of the Reichsflotte and in the midst of rising tensions with Denmark. In 1859, Prince Regent Wilhelm approved a construction program for some fifty-two gunboats to be built over the next fifteen years, which began with the fifteen vessels of the Jäger class.[1]
Fuchs was 41.2 meters (135 ft 2 in) long overall, with a beam of 6.69 m (21 ft 11 in) and a draft of 2.2 m (7 ft 3 in). She displaced 237 metric tons (233 long tons) normally and 283 t (279 long tons) at full load. The ship's crew consisted of 2 officers and 38 enlisted men. She was powered by a pair of marine steam engines that drove one 3-bladed screw propeller, with steam provided by four coal-fired trunk boilers, which gave her a top speed of 9.1 knots (16.9 km/h; 10.5 mph) at 220 metric horsepower (220 ihp). As built, she was equipped with a three-masted schooner rig, which was later removed. The ship was armed with a battery of one rifled 24-pounder muzzle-loading gun and two rifled 12-pounder muzzle-loading guns.[2][3]
Service history
editFuchs was built at the J. W. Klawitter shipyard in Danzig. Her keel was laid down in 1859 and she was launched on 14 February 1860. The ship was completed later that year and after completing her initial sea trials, she moved to Stralsund and was then laid up on the nearby island of Dänholm. On 25 June 1861, Fuchs was recommissioned for further testing. She then joined a gunboat flotilla led by the gunboat Camäleon for training exercises.[2][4] During this period, she joined the gunboats Camäleon, Comet, Jäger, Salamander, and Scorpion for a visit to Skagen in Denmark and the free imperial cities of Hamburg and Bremen. After the stop in Skagen, the corvette Amazone and the schooner Hela joined the flotilla of gunboats. While on their way back to Prussia in September, they stopped in Lübeck.[5] The tour was concluded by September, after which Fuchs resumed her trials. These were completed on 12 October, and the ship thereafter returned to Stralsund to be placed in reserve. She was then towed back to Dänholm for storage.[4] While out of service, her copper sheathing was removed from her hull so ventilation holes could be cut into the outer planking. Her entire propulsion system, including the masts and the funnel, was removed and a roof was erected over the hull to keep the elements out.[6]
After the start of the Second Schleswig War in February 1864, Fuchs was recommissioned on 1 March to join the Flotilla Division. The ship was initially commanded by Leutnant zur See (Lieutenant at Sea) Franz von Waldersee. Following the Prussian victory in the short war, the fleet held a victory parade for now-King Wilhelm in June, and Fuchs was present for the event. The ship then sailed to Swinemünde for repairs the following month. Modifications to the ship were also made, including lengthening her bow. She was then decommissioned on 18 October and placed back in reserve. Fuchs remained out of service for over five years until the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in July 1870. The ship was recommissioned on 24 July and was sent through the Eider Canal to Wilhelmshaven, where she carried out local defensive patrols. The ship was also used to tow other vessels in the area. Fuchs was damaged during this period, which necessitated repairs at Bremerhaven. In late 1870, she remained idle in Wilhelmshaven, and in January 1871, she moved to the mouth of the Elbe river, where she conducted defensive patrols until the end of the war late that month. Fuchs then served as a tender in Wilhelmshaven while the defensive mine barriers protecting the approaches to the Jade were removed. In August, she was assigned to the newly created Torpedo Department, where she served until 8 December, when she was decommissioned.[7]
In 1872, Fuchs underwent a refit that included replacing her main gun with a more modern, iron 15 cm (5.9 in) RK L/22 gun. Her sailing rig was removed and a simple pole mast was fitted for signaling purposes. She remained out of service for the next six years, during which time the 15 cm gun was replaced with a lighter 8.7 cm (3.4 in) gun. On 1 April 1878, she was recommissioned to serve as an artillery training ship and a tender for the primary artillery school ship, Renown. In early 1880, she received a 3.7 cm (1.5 in) Hotchkiss revolver cannon, and she returned to training duties on 1 April. The following year, her training schedule lasted from 1 April to 27 August, but this year, Renown was replaced by the new training ship Mars. Fuchs recommissioned for the last time on 1 April 1882 for another training program that lasted until 27 June.[4] She was then struck from the naval register on 14 November.[6] She was renamed Minenprahm III (Mine Barge III) for use as a storage hulk based in Wilhelmshaven. The ship was used in this capacity for a few years before being broken up in Wilhelmshaven.[4]
Notes
edit- ^ Nottelmann, pp. 65–66.
- ^ a b Gröner, pp. 132–133.
- ^ Lyon, p. 259.
- ^ a b c d Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 3, p. 163.
- ^ Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 2, p. 165.
- ^ a b Gröner, p. 132.
- ^ Hildebrand, Röhr, & Steinmetz Vol. 3, pp. 162–163.
References
edit- Gröner, Erich (1990). German Warships: 1815–1945. Vol. I: Major Surface Vessels. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-0-87021-790-6.
- Hildebrand, Hans H.; Röhr, Albert & Steinmetz, Hans-Otto (1993). Die Deutschen Kriegsschiffe: Biographien: ein Spiegel der Marinegeschichte von 1815 bis zur Gegenwart (Band 2) [The German Warships: Biographies: A Reflection of Naval History from 1815 to the Present (Vol. 2)] (in German). Ratingen: Mundus Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8364-9743-5.
- Hildebrand, Hans H.; Röhr, Albert & Steinmetz, Hans-Otto (1993). Die Deutschen Kriegsschiffe: Biographien – ein Spiegel der Marinegeschichte von 1815 bis zur Gegenwart [The German Warships: Biographies − A Reflection of Naval History from 1815 to the Present] (in German). Vol. 3. Ratingen: Mundus Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7822-0211-4.
- Lyon, David (1979). "Germany". In Gardiner, Robert; Chesneau, Roger & Kolesnik, Eugene M. (eds.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. Greenwich: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 240–265. ISBN 978-0-85177-133-5.
- Nottelmann, Dirk (2022). "The Development of the Small Cruiser in the Imperial German Navy Part III: The Gunboats". In Jordan, John (ed.). Warship 2022. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. pp. 63–79. ISBN 978-1-4728-4781-2.