Shahinshahr (Persian: شاهینشهر)[a] is a city in the Central District of Shahinshahr County,[b] Isfahan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.[6]
Shahinshahr
Persian: شاهینشهر | |
|---|---|
City | |
  Shahinshahr | |
| Coordinates: 32°51′38″N 51°33′11″E / 32.86056°N 51.55306°E[1] | |
| Country | Iran |
| Province | Isfahan |
| County | Shahinshahr |
| District | Central |
| Elevation | 1,662 m (5,453 ft) |
| Population (2016)[2] | |
• Total | 173,329 |
| Time zone | UTC+3:30 (IRST) |
| Website | www |
Shahinshahr was Iran's first master-planned satellite city, approximately 15 miles (24 km) to the north of Isfahan, Iran's second-largest metropolitan area and its historic capital. A high proportion of the residents are displaced Iran-Iraq war refugees originally from Khuzestan.[citation needed] The city's original plan envisioned 50,000 homes and a maximum population of 250,000. The city currently ranks among the 50 largest in Iran.[citation needed]
History
editFoundation
editThe city was founded in the mid to late 1960s when six brothers from the Boroumand family decided that it was more economical for them to transform the 40 million square meter (10,000 acre) Amirabad farm that they had inherited from their father, Agha Muḥammad Khān Boroumand, from agricultural usage to a mix of residential development and agricultural usage. The main drivers for this decision were the proximity of their farm to Esfahan, the availability of plentiful water from the "qanat", or underground canal system that their father had salvaged and upgraded during his lifetime, and the demand for affordable housing. The Boroumand brothers proceeded to incorporate the Sherkat Omran Shahinshahr, and with initial funding from Bank Taavoni Va Tozie (now a part of Bank Mellat) began the process of developing the city's infrastructure, including its roads, sewers, water, and electricity. As development and construction progressed, the enterprise, under the supervision of Abdol Ghafar, Abdol Rahim, Abdol Karim and Abdol Rashid Boroumand, employed in excess of 10,000 people including accountants, engineers, architects, and laborers, and proceeded to build over 10,000 affordable homes and to provide homes to over 50,000 residents. The master plan for the expanded new town for 300,000 people was prepared by Peter Verity the international urbanist and architect (PDR consultants) who also prepared the detailed designs for several of the planned residential areas and a range of public buildings.[7]
Growth
editTo further attract residents, the Boroumand brothers gifted over 2 million square meters (500 acres) of land in close proximity to the city to the Daneshgah Sanati Esfahan, Isfahan University of Technology (IUT), and gifted another 2 million square meters (500 acres) of land in the city to the Iranian government with the understanding that the government would build a manufacturing facility there (a helicopter manufacturing plant which was to have been built there prior to the Iranian Revolution, is now home to the Iran Aircraft Manufacturing Industrial Company (HESA.))
In the 1970s, numerous American and other foreign expatriates working under contract to the Iranian government and the Iranian military resided in Shahinshahr in a walled and gated compound. The Toufanian High School building of the American School of Isfahan (now a satellite campus of Malek Ashtar University) was located at the northern tip of the city.
Recent history
editShahinshahr is renowned in Iran for its excellent educational facilities and system, ranking 2nd in the whole country, a legacy of the first class schools originally built. Shahinshahr is currently home to many employees of governmental organizations, such as the National Iranian Oil Company, and a variety of educational organizations. The majority of the population is from a middle-class background, and work in a range of industries including military, refineries, aerospace production as well as typical office and retail jobs. It is the most diverse city in Iran as a result of the large population of migrants. It is also popular with non-Muslim Iranians such as people following the Baháʼí Faith and second generation Armenians (Christians).[8]
Demographics
editPopulation
editAt the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 126,070 in 33,515 households.[9] The following census in 2011 counted 143,308 people in 41,730 households.[10] The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 173,329 people in 54,300 households.[2]
Geography
editThe city is among the central mountain ranges of Iran to the east of the Zagros Mountains. It has an altitude of 1662 meters on average with a slope of 16%. It has a dry climate with very little precipitation. The variation in temperature is about 50 degrees Celsius.[8]
Transportation
edit
Notes
edit- ^ Also romanized as Shahin Shahr and Shāhīn Shahr[3]
- ^ Formerly Borkhar and Meymeh County[4] and then renamed Shahinshahr and Meymeh County[5]
References
edit- ^ OpenStreetMap contributors (25 November 2024). "Shahinshahr, Shahinshahr County" (Map). OpenStreetMap (in Persian). Retrieved 25 November 2024.
- ^ a b Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): Isfahan Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ Shahinshahr can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "6012035" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
- ^ Davodi, Parviz (9 October 2014) [Approved 21 September 1386]. Approval letter of the ministers of the Political-Defense Commission of the Government Board regarding some changes and divisions of the country in Isfahan province. rc.majlis.ir (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Political-Defense Commission of the Government Board. Proposal 43036/42/1/4; Letter 58538/T26118H; Notification 153437/T35370K. Archived from the original on 1 October 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2023 – via Islamic Parliament Research Center.
- ^ Aref, Mohammad Reza (6 October 2024) [Approved 27 April 1403]. Approval regarding the national divisions of Shahinshahr County in Isfahan province. sdil.ac.ir (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Cabinet of Ministers. Proposals 580 and 70730; Notification 79240/T61130AH. Archived from the original on 9 October 2024. Retrieved 24 November 2024 – via Shahr Danesh Legal Research Institute.
- ^ Habibi, Hassan (c. 2024) [Approved 21 June 1369]. Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the national divisions of Isfahan province, centered in the city of Isfahan. lamtakam.com (Report) (in Persian). Ministry of the Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Board. Proposal 3233.1.5.53; Letter 93808-907; Notification 82838/T131K. Archived from the original on 4 February 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2024 – via Lam ta Kam.
- ^ Peter Verity, The Plan for Shahinshahr New City, 1976 PDRc
- ^ a b "ShahinShahr.co.uk Esfahan Iran Persia Persian Isfahan". Archived from the original on 27 August 2011. Retrieved 6 February 2011.
- ^ Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): Isfahan Province. amar.org.ir (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
- ^ Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): Isfahan Province. irandataportal.syr.edu (Report) (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. Archived from the original (Excel) on 17 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022 – via Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University.