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Some Catholic and independent schools charge high fees, and because of this Government funding for these schools is often criticised by the [[Australian Education Union]] and the [[Australian Greens|Greens]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.parra.catholic.edu.au/our-schools/school-fees/school-fees.aspx|title=School Fees|publisher=Catholic Education – Diocese of Parramatta|accessdate=12 July 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091031010347/http://www.parra.catholic.edu.au/our-schools/school-fees/school-fees.aspx|archivedate=31 October 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeufederal.org.au/Debates/ReidPaper.html|last=Reid|first=Alan|title=The Redefinition of Public Education|date=May 1999|publisher=The Australian Education Union|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080215174248/http://www.aeufederal.org.au/Debates/ReidPaper.html|archivedate=15 February 2008|accessdate=12 July 2010}}</ref>
===
==== School commencement age ====
Under the [[National Curriculum (Australia)|National Curriculum]] being developed, the first year of schooling will be known as "foundation".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/Foundation|title=Australia curriculum|publisher=[[Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority]]}}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
In the Northern Territory, primary schools often include a pre-school. In Western Australia, primary schools often include two pre-school years.{{citation needed|date=July 2010}}
As of 2013, South Australia will have one reception intake at the beginning of term 1.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sa.gov.au/subject/Education%2C+skills+and+learning/Schools/School+life/Same+first+day+-+starting+preschool+and+school|title=Same first day - starting preschool and school|publisher=Government of South Australia|accessdate=12 February 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311090906/http://www.sa.gov.au/subject/Education%2C+skills+and+learning/Schools/School+life/Same+first+day+-+starting+preschool+and+school|archivedate=11 March 2012}}</ref>
In some states and territories, children that have been formally assessed and identified as gifted may begin school earlier than the stated minimum age. Additionally, gifted students may "skip" a subject or advance to a higher academic year level in schooling.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aaegt.net.au/eddept-links.html|title=Websites specific to the needs of Gifted and Talented Children|publisher=Australian Association for the Education of the Gifted and Talented Ltd.|accessdate=16 November 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091024161859/http://www.aaegt.net.au/eddept-links.html|archivedate=24 October 2009}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!| State or
territory
!| Age in the year
before year 1
!| Compulsory age
!| Nomenclature year
before school
!| Nomenclature year
before year 1
|-
| ACT<ref name="bfyr1ACT" />
| Age 5 on 30 April
| Year in which
child turns 6
| Pre-school
| Kindergarten
|-
| NT<ref>[http://www.education.nt.gov.au/parents-community/schooling/stages-of-schooling/early-years "Stages of schooling: Early years"] {{wayback|url=http://www.education.nt.gov.au/parents-community/schooling/stages-of-schooling/early-years|date=20151121143854|df=y}}, Department of Education (NT). 18 March 2010.</ref>
| Age 5 on 30 June
| Year in which
child turns 6
| Pre-school
| Transition
|-
| NSW<ref name="smh" />
| Age 5 on 31 July
| Year in which
child turns 6
| Pre-school
| Kindergarten
|-
| QLD<ref name="QLDbfyr1" />
| Age 5 on 31 July From 2016 31 March
| Year in which
child turns 6
| Kindergarten
| Prep
|-
| SA <ref name="SAbfyr1" />
| Age 5 By 31 May
| Year in which
child turns 6
| Kindergarten
| Reception
|-
| TAS<ref name="smh" />
| Age 5 By 30 April
| Year in which
child turns 6
| Kindergarten
| Prep
|-
| VIC<ref name="VICbfyr1" />
| Age 5 on 30 April
| Year in which
child turns 6
| Pre-school
| Prep
|-
| WA<ref name="smh" />
| Age 5 on 30 June
| Year in which
child turns 6
| Kindergarten
| Pre Primary
|}
==== Grade levels ====
Students may be slightly younger or older than stated below, due to variation between states and territories. The name for the first year of primary school varies considerably between states and territories, e.g. what is known as kindergarten in ACT and NSW may mean the year preceding the first year of primary school or [[Preschool education|preschool]] in other states and territories.<ref name="bfyr1ACT">{{cite web|url=http://www.det.act.gov.au/school_education/starting_school|publisher=Department of Education and Training|title=Starting School|date=17 July 2009|accessdate=6 January 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130424125017/http://www.det.act.gov.au/school_education/starting_school|archivedate=24 April 2013}}</ref><ref name="smh">{{Cite news|last=Doherty|first=Linda|title=Too old, too young, or just right for kindy|newspaper=[[Sydney Morning Herald]]|location=[[Sydney]]|pages=|publisher=|date=28 June 2004|url=http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/06/27/1088274627270.html|accessdate=6 January 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105141315/http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/06/27/1088274627270.html|archivedate=5 November 2012}}</ref><ref name="QLDbfyr1">{{cite web|url=http://education.qld.gov.au/parents/find-school/enrolling.html|title=Enrolling your child |publisher=Department of Education and Training|accessdate=22 September 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114054337/http://education.qld.gov.au/parents/find-school/enrolling.html|archivedate=14 November 2012}}</ref><ref name="SAbfyr1">{{cite web |title=Starting School|url=http://www.decs.sa.gov.au/portal/community.asp?group=matters&id=startingschool|date=15 January 2009|publisher=Department of Education and Children's Services|accessdate=10 August 2009}}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref name="VICbfyr1">{{cite web|url=http://www.education.vic.gov.au/aboutschool/|title=At School 5–18|date=8 October 2009|publisher=Department of Education and Early Department|accessdate=6 January 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101012235148/http://www.education.vic.gov.au/aboutschool/|archivedate=12 October 2010}}</ref>
Some states vary in whether Year 7 is part of the primary or secondary years.<ref name="austschoolsystem">{{cite web|url=http://www.australianexplorer.com/australian_school_systems.htm|title=Australian School Systems|accessdate=12 July 2010|publisher=Australianexplorer|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020142101/http://www.australianexplorer.com/australian_school_systems.htm|archivedate=20 October 2012 }}</ref> <ref name="middlent">{{cite web|url=http://www.det.nt.gov.au/media-releases/media-releases/2008/january/itas-off-to-school-for-42,000-territorians|title=It's off to school for 42,000 Territorians|date=29 January 2008|publisher=[[Department of Education and Training (Northern Territory)|Department of Education and Training]]|accessdate=12 July 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721045224/http://www.det.nt.gov.au/media-releases/media-releases/2008/january/itas-off-to-school-for-42,000-territorians|archivedate=21 July 2011}}</ref>
The usual ages at which students attend primary school and each year level are: [[File:Australian Census 2011 demographic map - Australia by SLA - BCP field 2817 Infants Primary Total Persons.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.5|People attending an infants or primary school as a percentage of the local population at the 2011 census, geographically subdivided by statistical local area]]
*Kindergarten (QLD) 3 to 4-year-olds<ref name="QLDbfyr1" />
*Pre-school / kindergarten
Line 90 ⟶ 169:
*Grade/Year 6: 11 to 12-years-old
*Grade/Year 7: 12 to 13-years-old (SA)<ref name="austschoolsystem" />
The usual ages at which students attend secondary school and each year level are: [[File:Australian Census 2011 demographic map - Australia by SLA - BCP field 2829 Secondary Total Persons.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.5|People attending secondary school as a percentage of the local population at the 2011 census, geographically subdivided by statistical local area]]
*Year 7: 12 to 13-year-olds<ref name="austschoolsystem" />
*Year 8: 13 to 14-year-olds
*Year 9: 14 to 15-year-olds
*Year 10: 15 to 16-year-olds
*Year 11: 16 to 17-year-olds
*Year 12: 17 to 18-year-olds
Students can undertake senior school studies for up to three years. Students who complete year 12 under a reduced workload generally do this in two years, the latter being referred to as "year 13".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.det.nt.gov.au/parents-community/curriculum-ntbos/ntce|title=NT Certificate of Education|publisher=Department of Education and Training|date=20 November 2009|accessdate=12 July 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406000245/http://www.det.nt.gov.au/parents-community/curriculum-ntbos/ntce|archivedate=6 April 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.education.tas.gov.au/school/parents/grandparents/education/tasschooling|title=Schooling in Tasmania: Information for grandparents|publisher=[[Department of Education (Tasmania)]]|accessdate=12 July 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220182958/http://www.education.tas.gov.au/school/parents/grandparents/education/tasschooling|archivedate=20 February 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.facs.gov.au/guides_acts/ssg/ssguide-1/ssguide-1.1/ssguide-1.1.y/ssguide-1.1.y.10.html|title=Year 13 (YA)|work=Guide to Social Security Law|publisher=[[Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations]]|date=19 October 1998|accessdate=12 July 2010}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
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||[[Twelfth grade|Year 12]]
|-
|}
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