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Line 94: Areas that are rifting apart, such as [[mid-ocean ridge]]s and the [[East African Rift]], have mountains due to thermal buoyancy related to the hot mantle underneath them; this thermal buoyancy is known as [[dynamic topography]]. In [[strike-slip]] orogens, such as the [[San Andreas Fault]], [[Thrust tectonics#Restraining bends on strike-slip faults\|restraining bends]] result in regions of localized crustal shortening and mountain building without a plate-margin-wide orogeny. [[Hotspot (geology)\|Hotspot]] volcanism results in the formation of isolated mountains and mountain chains that are not necessarily on tectonic-plate boundaries. Regions can also experience uplift as a result of [[Delamination (geology)\|delamination of the lithosphere]], in which an unstable portion of cold [[lithosphere\|lithospheric]] root drips down into the mantle, decreasing the density of the lithosphere and causing buoyant uplift.<ref name="delamination_lee">{{cite journal\|doi= 10.1126/science.289.5486.1912\|pmid= 10988067\|title= Osmium Isotopic Evidence for Mesozoic Removal of Lithospheric Mantle Beneath the Sierra Nevada, California\|first5= SB\|last5= Jacobsen\|first4= JT\|last4= Chesley\|first3= RL\|last3= Rudnick\|first2= Q\|date= 2000\|last2= Yin\|last1= Lee\|first1= C.-T.\|journal= Science\|volume= 289\|issue= 5486\|pages= 1912–16\|url= http://www.geol.umd.edu/~rudnick/Webpage/Lee_2000_Science.pdf\|bibcode = 2000Sci...289.1912L\|deadurl= yes\|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110615170551/http://www.geol.umd.edu/~rudnick/Webpage/Lee_2000_Science.pdf\|archivedate= 15 June 2011\|df= dmy-all}}</ref> An example is the [[Sierra Nevada (U.S.)\|Sierra Nevada]] in California. This range of [[fault-block mountain]]s<ref name=Gerrard>{{cite book \|title= Mountain Environments: An Examination of the Physical Geography of Mountains \|author= John Gerrard \|page= 9 \|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=jHnrVEyMhkQC&pg=PA9#v=onepage&q=&f=false \|isbn= 0-262-07128-2 \|date= 1990\|publisher= MIT Press}}</ref> experienced renewed uplift after a delamination of the lithosphere beneath them.<ref name="delamination_lee" /><ref>{{cite journal\|doi= 10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<811:TOVITS>2.0.CO;2\|date= 2000\|volume= 28\|page= 811\|title= Timing of Volcanism in the Sierra Nevada of California: Evidence for Pliocene Delamination of the Batholithic Root?\|first3= G. Lang\|last3= Farmer\|first2= Allen F.\|last2= Glazner\|author= Manley, Curtis R.\|journal= Geology\|issue= 9\|bibcode = 2000Geo....28..811M }}</ref> Finally, uplift and erosion related to [[Epeirogenic movement\|epeirogenesis]] (large-scale vertical motions of portions of continents without much associated folding, metamorphism, or deformation)<ref name=Holmes>{{cite book \|title= Holmes Principles of Physical Geology \|author= Arthur Holmes \|authorlink= Arthur Holmes\|author2= Doris L. Holmes\|authorlink2 = Doris L. Holmes\|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=E6vknq9SfIIC&pg=PT109 \|page= 92 \|isbn= 0-7487-4381-2 \|edition= 4th \|publisher= Taylor & Francis \|date= 2004}}</ref> can create local topographic highs.

Orogeny: Difference between revisions