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Subic, officially the Municipality of Subic (Ilocano: Ili ti Subic; Tagalog: Bayan ng Subic, Kapampangan: Balen ning Subic), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Zambales, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 111,912 people.[3]
Subic | |
|---|---|
| Municipality of Subic | |
 Matain, Subic | |
 Flag  Seal | |
 Map of Zambales with Subic highlighted | |
OpenStreetMap  | |
  Subic Location within the Philippines | |
| Coordinates: 14°52′37″N 120°13′58″E / 14.8769°N 120.2328°E | |
| Country | Philippines |
| Region | Central Luzon |
| Province | Zambales |
| District | 1st district |
| Founded | 1572 |
| Founded by | Juan de Salcedo |
| Barangays | 16 (see Barangays) |
| Government | |
| • Type | Sangguniang Bayan |
| • Mayor | Jonathan John F. Khonghun |
| • Vice Mayor | Lauro B. Simbol |
| • Representative | Jefferson F. Khonghun |
| • Municipal Council | Members |
| • Electorate | 68,453 voters (2022) |
| Area | |
• Total | 287.16 km2 (110.87 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 60 m (200 ft) |
| Highest elevation | 557 m (1,827 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
| Population (2020 census)[3] | |
• Total | 111,912 |
| • Density | 390/km2 (1,000/sq mi) |
| • Households | 28,202 |
| Economy | |
| • Income class | 1st municipal income class |
| • Poverty incidence | 31.29 |
| • Revenue | ₱ 428.3 million (2020) |
| • Assets | ₱ 821.7 million (2020) |
| • Expenditure | ₱ 419.8 million (2020) |
| • Liabilities | ₱ 497.1 million (2020) |
| Service provider | |
| • Electricity | Zambales 2 Electric Cooperative (ZAMECO 2) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (PST) |
| ZIP code | 2209, 2222 (Subic Special Economic and Freeport Zone) |
| PSGC | |
| IDD : area code | +63 (0)47 |
| Native languages | Ilocano Sambal Tagalog Kapampangan Ambala |
| Website | subic |
It is located along the northern coast of Subic Bay. Portions of the town also form part of the Subic Special Economic and Freeport Zone.
Subic is 66 kilometres (41 mi) from Iba, 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from Olongapo, and 138 kilometres (86 mi) from Manila.
Etymology
editThe native Zambales inhabitants called the area Hubek, which means "head of a plough"; Spanish missionary priests mispronounced the name as Subiq.[5] By the time of the American occupation, "Subiq" was mispronounced as Subig. Eventually, the name reverted to "Subiq", but the letter 'q' was replaced with 'c'.
History
editSpanish colonial era
editIn 1572, Juan de Salcedo, the Mexico-born Spanish conquistador and grandson of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, founded Zambales during his exploration of northern Luzon.[5] Subic was founded in late 1607 by Augustinian friars headed by Rev. Fr. Rodrigo de San Miguel, and the natives in Subic were Christianized under Spanish rule.[6]
In 1884 that declared Subic as "a naval port and the property appertaining there to set aside for naval purposes." Construction of an arsenal and ship repair yard ensued March 8 the following year, as ordered by the new settlers' Naval Commission. During the Philippine Revolution, a fleet led by the Cuban-Filipino Admiral Vicente Catalan seized the naval base at Subic from the Spanish for the First Philippine Republic. Subic Bay's potential as naval station was realized by the Americans. Commodore George Dewey and his men engaged in a battle that destroyed the Spanish Army in 1898, and the Americans took over Subic Bay on December 10, 1899.
British invasion era
editIn September 1762, the British invaded the Philippines and took over the Spanish main naval base in Manila Bay. This prompted the Spanish military to scout for the next promising naval station. The expedition returned with the good news for the naval command - a natural bounty and deep waters at Subic Bay. King Alfonso XII issued a decree[7]
American invasion era
editThe Americans designated the Subic Bay area as a repair and supply naval base site in 1901. Two years later, US President Theodore Roosevelt declared 283.27 km2 (109.37 sq mi) of land in Subic as a military reservation area; or more than half of Subic's land area at the time.
Japanese occupation era
editSubic, along with the Olongapo area suffered significant damage during the World War II and was repurposed by the Imperial Japanese Army as their own base during the Japanese occupation.[8]
Philippine independence
editAfter World War II, Olongapo, a barrio of Subic that forms part of the US Military Reservations in the Subic area, was turned over to the Philippine government. Olongapo was converted to a municipality independent from Subic town through Executive Order No. 366 issued by President Carlos P. Garcia on December 7, 1959.[8]
Geography
editBarangays
editSubic is politically subdivided into 16 barangays. [9] Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.
- Aningway-Sacatihan
- Asinan (Poblacion)
- Asinan Proper
- Baraca-Camachile (Poblacion)
- Batiawan
- Calapacuan
- Calapandayan (Poblacion)
- Cawag
- Ilwas (Poblacion)
- Mangan-Vaca
- Matain
- Naugsol
- Pamatawan
- San Isidro
- Santo Tomas
- Wawandue (Poblacion)
Climate
editSubic has a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen climate classification Am). Subic's climate is no different from the other towns in eastern part of Luzon where rainy season runs from May to October, while the dry season is from November to April. The wettest month of the year is July with average monthly rainfall more than 755 millimetres (29.7 in) and the driest month is February with average monthly rainfall less than 5 millimetres (0.20 in). The highest ever recorded temperature in the area is 38.8 °C (101.8 °F) and the lowest is 17.9 °C (64.2 °F). The annual average temperature in the city is 27.9 °C (82.2 °F).
| Climate data for Subic, Zambales (1992–2010, extremes recorded in Naval Air Station Cubi Point 1994–2012) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 35.2 (95.4) |
38.0 (100.4) |
36.5 (97.7) |
38.2 (100.8) |
38.8 (101.8) |
37.7 (99.9) |
36.2 (97.2) |
35.0 (95.0) |
35.7 (96.3) |
35.3 (95.5) |
34.7 (94.5) |
34.4 (93.9) |
38.8 (101.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.2 (88.2) |
32.1 (89.8) |
33.5 (92.3) |
34.5 (94.1) |
33.1 (91.6) |
31.7 (89.1) |
30.9 (87.6) |
30.4 (86.7) |
30.7 (87.3) |
31.6 (88.9) |
31.7 (89.1) |
31.0 (87.8) |
31.9 (89.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.8 (80.2) |
27.4 (81.3) |
28.5 (83.3) |
29.6 (85.3) |
29.1 (84.4) |
28.2 (82.8) |
27.7 (81.9) |
27.4 (81.3) |
27.5 (81.5) |
27.9 (82.2) |
27.8 (82.0) |
27.1 (80.8) |
27.9 (82.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.5 (72.5) |
22.7 (72.9) |
23.6 (74.5) |
24.8 (76.6) |
25.1 (77.2) |
24.8 (76.6) |
24.4 (75.9) |
24.4 (75.9) |
24.3 (75.7) |
24.2 (75.6) |
23.9 (75.0) |
23.2 (73.8) |
24.0 (75.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 17.9 (64.2) |
18.7 (65.7) |
19.8 (67.6) |
21.5 (70.7) |
21.5 (70.7) |
19.0 (66.2) |
20.0 (68.0) |
21.4 (70.5) |
21.0 (69.8) |
20.6 (69.1) |
20.6 (69.1) |
18.5 (65.3) |
17.9 (64.2) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 6.0 (0.24) |
4.2 (0.17) |
16.1 (0.63) |
22.5 (0.89) |
416.8 (16.41) |
385.7 (15.19) |
759.7 (29.91) |
753.5 (29.67) |
695.8 (27.39) |
214.5 (8.44) |
81.9 (3.22) |
21.9 (0.86) |
3,378.6 (133.02) |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 12 | 17 | 23 | 24 | 21 | 13 | 8 | 5 | 132 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 67 | 66 | 65 | 65 | 73 | 78 | 81 | 81 | 82 | 77 | 73 | 68 | 73 |
| Source: PAGASA[10][11] | |||||||||||||
Government
editChief executives
edit
This is the complete list of municipal leaders such as Mayor and Presidente Municipal since it became a municipality in 1902.[12]
| Name | Term | Position |
|---|---|---|
| Placido dela Paz | 1902 – 1904 | Presidente Municipal |
| Salustiano Ponco | 1905 – 1908 | |
| Nicetas Lesaca | 1908 – 1910 | |
| Jorge Salang | 1911 – 1913 | |
| Jose Orozco Sr. | 1914 – 1916 | |
| Juan Juico | 1917 – 1919 | |
| Esteban Felicitas | 1920 – 1922 | Municipal Mayor |
| Pedro del Rosario | ||
| Alfredo de Perio Sr. | 1923 – 1931 | |
| Numeriano Flores | 1932 – 1940 | |
| Cecilio Esteban | 1941 – 1943 | |
| Severino Salang | 1944 – 1946 | |
| Alfredo de Perio Jr. | ||
| Leopoldo Lauzares | 1947 – 1948 | |
| Jose de Perio Sr. | 1948 – 1951 | |
| Alfredo Afable | 1952 – 1955 | |
| Cecilio Panaligan | 1956 – November 1959 | |
| Dangal Guevara | June 30, 1960 – 1986 | |
| Manuel M. Molina Jr. | 1986 | OIC Municipal Mayor (1st term) |
| Segundino Sandoval | OIC Municipal Mayor | |
| Manuel M. Molina Jr. | 1986 – June 30, 1998 | Municipal Mayor (2nd term) |
| Enrique F. Delgado | 1998 | Municipal Mayor |
| Leonardo 'Boy' Guevara | 1998 – June 30, 2001 | |
| Jeffrey D. Khonghun | June 30, 2001 – June 30, 2010 | |
| Jefferson F. Khonghun | June 30, 2010 – June 30, 2019 | |
| Jonathan John F. Khonghun | June 30, 2019 – present |
Demographics
edit| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1903 | 3,955 | — |
| 1918 | 14,159 | +8.87% |
| 1939 | 14,923 | +0.25% |
| 1948 | 25,223 | +6.01% |
| 1960 | 12,985 | −5.38% |
| 1970 | 22,266 | +5.53% |
| 1975 | 28,139 | +4.81% |
| 1980 | 30,340 | +1.52% |
| 1990 | 46,929 | +4.46% |
| 1995 | 57,099 | +3.74% |
| 2000 | 63,019 | +2.14% |
| 2007 | 77,118 | +2.82% |
| 2010 | 89,724 | +5.66% |
| 2015 | 104,771 | +3.00% |
| 2020 | 111,912 | +1.30% |
| Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[13][14][15][16] | ||
In the 2020 census, the population of Subic was 111,912 people,[3] with a density of 390 inhabitants per square kilometre or 1,000 inhabitants per square mile.
Economy
editPoverty incidence of Subic
10
20
30
40
2006
7.90 2009
11.49 2012
11.69 2015
18.89 2018
10.25 2021
31.29 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] |
Part of the town of Subic are within the jurisdiction of the Subic Freeport Zone which is managed by the Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority. The revenue earned by the special economic zone is shared by seven municipalities including Subic town, and the city of Olongapo.[25]
Infrastructure
editTransportation
editRoads
edit
The primary road that connects Subic to the other parts of the town is the Olongapo-Bugallon Road. Most of the names of Subic's streets are based on the surnames of prominent residents or names of plants. Most of the roads in Subic are made of concrete and asphalt while others are still made of dirt.
Bypass roads such as the Govic Highway are also commonly used by motorists to travel from Barangay Matain to Barangay Manggahan. The roads are meant to reduce traffic in the town proper and are used by trucks going north of Castillejos and vice versa.[citation needed]
Another main road is the Philseco Road that ends from Barangay Asinan proper down to Seatrium Subic Shipyard (formerly Keppel Subic Shipyard and Philippine Shipyard and Engineering Corporation).[citation needed] The Govic Highway Extension runs from Castillejos down to Hanjin Shipyard and is exclusively used by its workers.[citation needed]
Public Utilities
editElectricity
editElectricity services are provided by the cooperative-run Zambales II Electric Cooperative, Inc. (ZAMECO II) which covers an area from Subic all the way to Cabangan since 1972.[26]
Water
editWater services are provided by Subic Water District (SWD), not to be confused with Subic Water and Sewerage Company (Subic Water), which is a different water distribution company serving the neighboring city of Olongapo.
Education
editHigh school
edit
|
|
College
edit- College of Subic Montessori
- Best Freeport College
- Metro Subic College
- Kolehiyo ng Subic (Public College)
Most of Private schools are operated by Catholic Institution except for colleges.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Municipality of Subic | (DILG)
- ^ "2015 Census of Population, Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. Quezon City, Philippines. August 2016. ISSN 0117-1453. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 25, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
- ^ a b c Census of Population (2020). "Region III (Central Luzon)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved July 8, 2021.
- ^ "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. April 2, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
- ^ a b "Municipalities"[usurped]. Zambales Now, Official Website of Zambales. Retrieved on 2012-05.24.
** The year of 1542 in the founding of Subic is a misprint and should be the year 1572 like in Botolan, for Salcedo was born in 1549. - ^ "Official Website of Municipality of Subic, Province of Zambales » History of Subic". subic.gov.ph. Retrieved November 8, 2016.
- ^ an official order issued by a legal authority.
- ^ a b "History of Subic". Subic Municipal Government. Retrieved June 3, 2021.
- ^ "Province: Zambales". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved November 12, 2016.
- ^ "Subic, Zambales Climatological Normal Values". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 18, 2018.
- ^ "Cubi Point Subic, Olongapo Climatological Extremes". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 18, 2018.
- ^ Mercado, Lino; Dimalanta; Solomon (1998). Subic : Through the Years. Subic Zambales. pp. 79–80.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Census of Population (2015). "Region III (Central Luzon)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved June 20, 2016.
- ^ Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region III (Central Luzon)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office. Retrieved June 29, 2016.
- ^ Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region III (Central Luzon)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
- ^ "Province of Zambales". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved December 17, 2016.
- ^ "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
- ^ "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. November 29, 2005.
- ^ "2003 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. March 23, 2009.
- ^ "City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates; 2006 and 2009" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. August 3, 2012.
- ^ "2012 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. May 31, 2016.
- ^ "Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. July 10, 2019.
- ^ "PSA Releases the 2018 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. December 15, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2022.
- ^ "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. April 2, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
- ^ "LGU shares from SBMA earnings drop to almost 30% due to COVID-19". Rappler. January 28, 2021. Retrieved June 3, 2021.
- ^ ""To provide efficient, reliable, safe and affordable power towards utmost customer satisfaction."".
External links
edit