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Susan G. Komen for the Cure

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Susan G. Komen (formerly known as Susan G. Komen for the Cure; originally as The Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation; often referred to simply as Komen) is a breast cancer organization in the United States.[4]

Susan G. Komen
Formation1982; 42 years ago (1982)
FounderNancy Goodman Brinker
Founded atDallas, Texas
TypeNonprofit organization
Legal status501(c)(3)[1]
HeadquartersDallas, Texas
United States
Donna McKay
Revenue$94,756,928[2] (2022–2023)
Expenses$77,854,319[2] (2022–2023)
Endowment$8,118,044[2]
Employees194[3] (2018–2019)
Volunteers2,965[2] (2016–2017)
Websitewww.komen.org

Komen works on patient navigation and advocacy, providing resources for breast-cancer patients to understand the American medical system.[5] They have funded research into the causes and treatment of breast cancer.[6] However, the organization has been mired by controversy over pinkwashing, allocation of research funding, and CEO pay. The foundation's revenue and public perception have steeply declined since 2010.[7]

History

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The foundation's namesake, Susan Goodman Komen, died of breast cancer in 1980 at age 36.[8][9] Her younger sister Nancy Brinker, who has stated that she believed Susan's outcome might have been better had she known more about cancer and its treatment, founded the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation in 1982.[9][10]

In 2007, the 25th anniversary of the organization, they changed the name to "Susan G. Komen for the Cure" and its logo to the pink ribbon.[11] The logo represents Komen's signature Race for the Cure event, a jogging race that raises money for the foundation.[12]

In December 2009, Nancy Brinker was appointed CEO of the organization.[13] Judith A. Salerno became CEO in 2012. In November 2016, the organization announced that Salerno would step down as CEO the following month.[14] In 2017, former fashion executive and breast cancer survivor Paula Schneider became the CEO.[15] In 2023, the former executive director of the Nobel Prize-winning organization Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) Donna McKay became the CEO.[16]

Activities

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Use of funds

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Komen's Fiscal Year 2020 Spending

  Education (51%)
  Fundraising (22%)
  Administration (14%)
  Research (5%)
  Treatment (5%)
  Screening (3%)

In the 2020 fiscal year, Komen reported $195 million in public support, less direct benefits to donors. Of this, $137 million came from contributions and $72 million from Komen's flagship Race for the Cure and Breast Cancer 3 Day fundraisers.[17] It spent the majority (51%) of this money on education efforts, which included advocacy, patient support services, national campaigns and educational events. 36% of the budget goes toward fundraising and administrative costs, and the remaining 13% is split between research, treatment, and screening efforts.[17]

Grants and awards

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Komen provides funding for basic, clinical, and translational breast cancer research and in breast health education. As of 2007, the organization had awarded more than 1,000 breast cancer research grants totaling more than $180 million.[18]

Since 1992, Komen has also annually awarded work in the field of cancer research with the Komen Brinker Award for Scientific Distinction.

In 2012, an analysis of Komen's finances by Reuters showed that the proportion of fundraising dollars it spent on research grants decreased by more than half. While the absolute dollar amount of those grants had been steadily growing, it was not keeping pace with the surge in donations Komen had received.[19] In 2011, the foundation spent $63 million (15%) of its donations on research grants and awards.[20][21]

Global activities

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In 2006, Komen joined the US-Middle East Partnership for Breast Cancer Awareness and Research, a Middle East Partnership Initiative program. Komen has programs in Egypt, Israel, the United Arab Emirates, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia.[22][23]

In 2010, Komen was active in over 50 countries, with its largest affiliates in Italy and Germany.[24]

On October 28, 2010, Jerusalem held its first Susan G. Komen Race for the Cure, with over 5,000 Christian, Muslim, and Jewish participants.[25] Before the race, the Old City's walls were illuminated pink by Komen's founder, Nancy Brinker, Jerusalem Mayor Nir Barkat, and the Prime Minister of Israel's wife Sara Netanyahu.

Fundraising

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Cause marketing

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As of 2013, Komen raised over $36 million a year from over 60 cause marketing partnerships.[26][needs update]

Events

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A group participating in a Komen Race for the Cure event

The Susan G. Komen Race for the Cure is Komen's main fundraising event and the world's largest funding event for breast cancer.[27] It consists of a series of 5K runs and fitness walks to raise money and awareness for breast cancer.

The first race was run in Dallas, Texas in 1983, with 800 participants.[28] By 2016, over 1.6 million people participated in the race.[29]

The race's primary source of revenue is donations collected by the participants. In 2011, Komen said that three-quarters of the event's proceeds were being used locally to pay for community outreach programs, breast health education, and breast cancer screening and treatment projects run by the Komen affiliate, with the remaining quarter sent to the central organization.[30]

Komen's other nationwide events include:

  • Susan G. Komen 3-Day for the Cure, a 60-mile (97 km) fundraiser walk
  • Susan G. Komen Marathon for the Cure – fundraiser half and full marathon
  • Susan G. Komen Bowl for the Cure – fund-raising and awareness initiative founded in 2000 and sponsored by USBC[31] and The Bowling Foundation.[32]

Controversy and criticism

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In 2010, Komen was rated one of the most trusted nonprofit organizations in America.[33][34] But, in light of scandals breaking between 2011 and 2017, revenue declined by roughly 80%, and a number of affiliates merged or dissolved.[7] Komen's ranking on Charity Navigator, which was four stars (the highest rating) in 2013, sank to two stars in 2014.[35] As of 2021, it ranks three stars, with a score of 82 out of 100.[36] In 2023 it ranks 4 stars with a 95% rating.[37]

Pinkwashing

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Main article: Pinkwashing (breast cancer)

Komen has become controversial for alleged "pinkwashing". The term criticizes either disproportionate publicity for organizations that donate very little, or organizations using the pink ribbon to promote products that may be carcinogenic.

 
Ribbon Branded Stadium

Donation criticisms

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Komen benefits from corporate partnerships, receiving over $55 million a year[38] from 216 corporate sponsors.[39] Critics [who?]say many of these promotions are deceptive, benefiting the companies more than the charity, and promoting products that may cause cancer.[40]

Some campaigns require that consumers mail proof of purchase for a promoted item before the manufacturer donates, and some have a cap on the maximum amount donated.[41] Since its Save Lids to Save Lives campaign began in 1998, Yoplait has donated more than $25 million to Komen. In 2010, its annual maximum commitment was raised to $1.6 million.[42] In return, a major sponsor such as Yoplait obtains an exclusive contract; no other yogurt manufacturer may use the branding.[43] In 2002, credit card operator American Express launched the "Charge for a Cure" campaign that claimed that "in the search for a cure, every dollar counts." The amount donated per qualifying transaction, regardless of the purchase amount, was one cent.[44]

Health criticisms

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Bisphenol A is primarily used to make plastics, such as this polycarbonate water bottle.

Several water bottle retailers have partnered with Komen.[45][46] Water cooler bottles made of polycarbonate may contain BPA, which has been linked to breast cancer tumor growth.[47] For the 2008 model year, Ford Motor Company built a branded limited edition of 2,500 Ford Mustang motorcars with a "Warriors in Pink" package[48] as part of its long-running association with Komen;[49] an additional 1,000 were offered for 2009's model year.[50] A longitudinal study found that women employed in the automotive plastics industry are almost five times as likely to develop breast cancer before menopause than women in a control group.[51][52]

In April 2010, Komen partnered with fast food restaurant chain KFC to offer "Buckets for the Cure," a promotion in which fried and grilled chicken was sold in pink, branded buckets. The collaboration was criticized by media outlets, including The Colbert Report[53] and Bitch magazine,[54] and raised questions about promoting unhealthy eating habits. KFC contributed over $4.2 million to Komen, the largest single contribution in the organization's history.[55] The partnership with KFC, which has since ended, allowed Komen "to reach many millions of women that they had been unable to reach before", said Brinker.[38]

In April 2011, Komen introduced a perfume brand, "Promise Me," promoted by Brinker on the Home Shopping Network,[56] only to encounter opposition due to its potentially harmful ingredients coumarin, oxybenzone, toluene, and galaxolide. Komen said it intended to reformulate the perfume but did not withdraw existing stocks of the "Promise Me" product from distribution.[57]

In October 2014, the Houston-based oil field services company Baker Hughes was reported to have produced 1,000 pink drill bits to raise breast cancer awareness. The bits are used to break up geologic formations in oil patches for hydraulic fracturing.[58] These ties have been criticized because more than a third of the more than 700 chemicals used in fracking are endocrine disruptors and at least a quarter increase the risk of cancer.[59]

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In 2007, the organization changed its name to Susan G. Komen for the Cure and trademarked the running ribbon as part of its branding strategy.[60] Komen has come under fire for legal action against other organizations using the phrase "for the cure" in their names. An August 2010 Wall Street Journal article detailed a case in which Komen told the organization Uniting Against Lung Cancer no longer to use the name "Kites for the Cure" for its annual fund-raising event. Komen also wrote to the organization to warn it "against any use of pink in conjunction with 'cure.'"[61] More than 100 small charities have received legal opposition from Komen as a consequence of the use of the words "for the cure" in their names.[62] Among the offending organizations and events were "Par for the Cure," "Surfing for a Cure," "Cupcakes for a Cure," and "Mush for the Cure".[62]

Komen says that the organization protects its trademarks as a matter of financial stewardship to prevent confusion among donors; others suggest that the trademark issue is more about dominating the pink ribbon market.[63]

Critics have also asserted that the slogan itself implies that the majority of Komen's income will fund research for a cure instead of mere treatment or detection; however Komen's own figures for the 2020 fiscal year reveal that only 5% of their total budget goes to research.[17][64] In the words of cancer survivor Alicia Staley,[65] "an organization that is actively pursuing other small charities over the use of the term 'for the cure' does not spend the majority of their own funds towards research for a cure."[66]

Relationship with Planned Parenthood

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Beginning in 2007, Komen granted money to pay for 170,000 clinical breast exams and 6,400 mammogram referrals through the Planned Parenthood Federation of America and affiliates.[67][68] Komen had said its affiliates provide funds for screening, education, and treatment programs in dozens of communities where Planned Parenthood is the only place poor, uninsured or under-insured women can receive these services.[69][70] Planned Parenthood clinics do not perform mammograms, instead making referrals for their patients to sites that do them.[71][72]

On January 31, 2012, Komen stopped funding exams provided by Planned Parenthood, citing a congressional investigation by Representative Cliff Stearns and a newly created internal rule about not funding organizations under federal, state, or local investigation.[73] While conservative religious and anti-abortion groups applauded the move,[74] it was denounced by several editorials, women's health advocacy groups,[74][75][76][77] and politicians.[78][79]

In the 24 hours after the news broke, Planned Parenthood received more than $400,000 from 6,000 donors,[74] followed by pledges of a $250,000 matching grant from New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg[80] and a $250,000 gift from a foundation run by the CEO of Bonanza Oil Co. in Dallas to replace the lost funding.[81]

Four days later, Komen's board of directors reversed the decision and announced that it would amend the policy to "make clear that disqualifying investigations must be criminal and conclusive in nature and not political.".[82] Several top-level staff members resigned from Komen during the controversy.[83][84][85] In August, Brinker announced she would leave her CEO role.[86] The number of participants at various Komen fundraising events dropped 15–30% in 2012.[87][88] The Susan G. Komen 3-Day for the Cure fundraising walks were scaled back to seven US cities in 2013 from 14, due to a 37% drop in participation over the preceding four years.[89] In January 2014 it was reported that the foundation saw a decline of 22% in contributions in the year following their decision to cease (and then resume) funding for Planned Parenthood.[90]

Karen Handel, the Brinker protégée whose opposition to abortion was at the center of the Planned Parenthood controversy, resigned and has published a book on the controversy titled Planned Bullyhood.[91]

Embryonic stem cell research

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In 2006, Komen wrote in its newsletter that embryonic stem cell research had promise for curing breast cancer.[92] One such grant recipient was Robert A. Weinberg, Ph.D., through Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research at MIT.[92][93] In 2011, the anti-abortion Coalition on Abortion/Breast Cancer said that Komen gave $12 million to institutions such as Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and the U.S. National Cancer Institute that funded stem cell research, which the Coalition considered to be abortion. In 2012, Komen said that it had never funded stem cell research. According to Science magazine, Christopher Umbricht got nearly $600,000 from Komen for molecular marker research at Johns Hopkins that includes stem cells.[94][95][96]

CEO salary

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According to Komen's 2011–12 IRS Form 990 declarations, Brinker made $684,717 that fiscal year,[97] a 64% raise. Komen said the last CEO salary hike had taken place in November 2010.[98] Charity Navigator continued to give Komen favorable overall ratings[99] based on figures Komen had declared to the IRS,[100] but Charity Navigator president and CEO Ken Berger called this compensation "extremely high"..

This pay package is way outside the norm. It's about a quarter of a million dollars more than what we see for charities of this size. This is more than the head of the Red Cross is making for an organization that is one-tenth the size of the Red Cross.

— Ken Berger of Charity Navigator, a group that evaluates and rates charities[98]

After the release of this information, Judith A. Salerno was named CEO, with Brinker named Founder and Chair of Global Strategy.[101]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Susan G Komen Breast Cancer Foundation". Exempt Organizations Select Check. Internal Revenue Service. Retrieved June 12, 2017.
  2. ^ a b c d "Form 990: Return of Organization Exempt from Income Tax, year ending 06-30-2023". Susan G Komen Breast Cancer Foundation Inc. Pro Publica. August 25, 2024.
  3. ^ "The Susan G. Komen Board of Directors - Our People". ww5.komen.org.
  4. ^ Sulik, Gayle A. (2010). Pink Ribbon Blues: How Breast Cancer Culture Undermines Women's Health. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. pp. 146–150. ISBN 978-0-19-974045-1. OCLC 535493589.
  5. ^ "Komen Breast Cancer Helpline". Susan G. Komen®. Retrieved July 24, 2021.
  6. ^ "Breast Cancer Funding - We Fund Research Worldwide | Susan G. Komen®". 5.komen.org. Retrieved March 30, 2017.
  7. ^ a b McCambridge, Ruth (July 3, 2018). "Another Komen Chapter Goes Under amidst Massive Revenue Losses". Nonprofit Quarterly. Retrieved December 12, 2018.
  8. ^ Cunningham, Chris (October 1, 2010). "Promise heard around the world". The Register-Guard. Retrieved March 11, 2011.
  9. ^ a b "Susan G. Komen's story", Susan G. Komen for the Cure official site. Retrieved March 2, 2008.
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  39. ^ Singer, Natasha (October 15, 2011). "Welcome, Fans, to the Pinking of America". The New York Times.
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  47. ^ "BPA linked to breast cancer tumor growth". Science Daily. March 6, 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
  48. ^ Neff, John (May 11, 2007). "Ford reveals 2008 Mustang with Warriors in Pink package". Autoblog. Retrieved June 11, 2013.
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  51. ^ "Auto plastics industry linked to breast cancer, new study shows". Toronto Star. November 19, 2012. Retrieved June 11, 2013.
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  63. ^ Sulik, 2010, pp. 146–150.
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  68. ^ "Komen's House of Cards – Balloon Juice". Balloon-juice.com. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
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  70. ^ An open letter about Susan G. Komen for the Cure and Planned Parenthood August 2010
  71. ^ Hee, Michelle Ye (October 2, 2015). "The repeated, misleading claim that Planned Parenthood 'provides' mammograms". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 4, 2017. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
  72. ^ Robertson, Lori (October 18, 2012). "Planned Parenthood and Mammograms". FactCheck.org. Retrieved November 4, 2022.
  73. ^ Jeffrey Goldberg (February 2, 2012). "Top Susan G. Komen Official Resigned Over Planned Parenthood Cave-In". The Atlantic. Retrieved February 3, 2012.
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  75. ^ [1][permanent dead link‍]
  76. ^ Marcotte, Amanda (January 31, 2012). "Susan G. Komen charity throws Planned Parenthood under the bus". Slate.
  77. ^ "Komen for the Cure sells out women, again (Salon, Feb 1, 2012)". Salon.com. February 2, 2012. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
  78. ^ Bassett, Laura (February 1, 2012). "Susan G. Komen Faces Backlash Over Planned Parenthood Decision". HuffPost. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
  79. ^ Breaking: Two dozen Senators call on Komen to reverse Planned Parenthood decision (The Washington Post, February 2, 2012)
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  81. ^ Planned Parenthood Replaces Komen Grant With Online Push (Bloomberg Businessweek), February 2, 2012)
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  86. ^ Reuters (August 8, 2012). Susan G. Komen Founder Nancy Brinker To Leave CEO Role.
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  89. ^ "Komen breast cancer charity cancels three-day events". BBC News. June 5, 2013. Retrieved June 11, 2013.
  90. ^ Stengle, Jamie (January 3, 2014). "Komen sees big drop in 2013 contributions". USA Today. Retrieved March 4, 2014.
  91. ^ Abramovitch, Seth (August 13, 2012). Executive Behind Susan G. Komen's Planned Parenthood Defunding Announces Memoir. The Hollywood Reporter
  92. ^ a b "Cancer Stem Cell Research Shows Promise (Komen's frontline newsletter, Fall 2006)" (PDF). Motherjones.com. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
  93. ^ "Protein central to cancer stem cell formation provides new potential _target". ScienceDaily. Retrieved February 7, 2020.
  94. ^ The Madeleine Brand Show (February 3, 2012). "Post-Planned Parenthood, stem cell research may be Komen's next controversy | The Madeleine Brand Show". 89.3 KPCC FM. Retrieved October 26, 2012.
  95. ^ Komen's Position on Stem Cells Remains Unclear, Mother Jones, February 2012
  96. ^ Troubled Cancer Charity Embroiled in Embryonic Stem Cell Debate. By John Travis. Science. February 6, 2012
  97. ^ Hall, Cheryl (May 3, 2013). "Nancy Brinker gets big pay raise". Dallas News. Archived from the original on May 3, 2013.
  98. ^ a b Lisa Myers; Talesha Reynolds (June 10, 2013). "Susan Komen CEO's salary draws fire as donations drop, races are canceled". NBC News.
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  100. ^ "The Ratings Game (SSIR)". Ssir.org. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
  101. ^ "Susan G. Komen Names Dr. Judith Salerno as President and Chief Executive Officer". 5.komen.org. Retrieved May 4, 2019.

Further reading

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