Talk:Leaf-nosed bat

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment

This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 27 August 2018 and 7 December 2018. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Lauracnote, SwimSusan, Als136, Annalee261, Juliavillegas. Peer reviewers: Jacob8598, Alkunzle.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 02:20, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Phyllostomatidae

The family name is Phyllostomatidae, not Phyllostomidae. Ucucha See Mammal Taxonomy 16:21, 28 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Phyllostomidae Gray 1825 has priority over Phyllostomatidae Coues and Yarrow 1875. Likewise Phyllostomus Lacepede 1799 has priority over Phyllostoma Cuvier 1800. Phyllostomatidae is an extremely common junior synonym. --Aranae 02:44, May 3, 2005 (UTC)

I though the plural of Phyllostomus was also Phyllostomata, so that the family name, regardless of priority, should be Phyllostomatidae, but I'm not so sure now. Ucucha See Mammal Taxonomy 17:43, 7 May 2005 (UTC)

You know. Now I'm not sure again. I once asked a phyllostomid systematist and he told me Phyllostomidae. But it could be a similar thing as with Aplodontiidae vs. Aplodontidae. Stoma declines to stomata, but I don't know how that translates to stomus. Even though it's in much less common usage, Aplodontiidae is correct because it's Aplodontia minus -a and plus -idae. A similar grammatical argument might factor into making Phyllostomatidae valid. My take in the meantime is to personally listen to that phyllostomid systematist from years back. But then I can't expect others to do the same. --Aranae 05:46, May 9, 2005 (UTC)

I think Phyllostomidae should be the best name until more information has become available. The names of the Lori(si)dae, Galag(on)idae and Indri(i)dae are also doubtful, I thought, and the sigmodontine tribe Abrothrichini has been called Abrotrichini, even though the genus on which it's based is Abrothrix, with an h. Ucucha See Mammal Taxonomy 15:00, 9 May 2005 (UTC)

Diversity

You mention that the family Phyllostomidae represents "by far the most varied and diverse" family within the order Chiroptera. If by varied and diverse you mean ecologically, then this statement would be correct; however, Phyllostomidae is not the most taxonomically diverse family (Vesptertilionidae has over 300 species, and Pteropodidae tops 160). So, I would advise a more precise use of wording here. --Tomwithanh 20:52, 28 April 2006 (UTC)

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Bibliography

We are editing this page for a class. Here are some sources we will be using to add details and sections in the coming weeks. Categories to add:

Range Rojas, D., Moreira, M., Ramos Pereira, M.J., Fonseca, C., Dávalos, L.M. Updated distribution maps for neotropical bats in the superfamily Noctilionoidea (2018) Ecology, 99 (9), p. 2131.

Ho, Y.-Y., & Lee, L.-L. (2003). Roost Selection by Formosan Leaf-Nosed Bats (Hipposideros armiger terasensis). Zoological Science, 20(8), 1017–1024. https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.20.1017

Villalobos, F., & Arita, H. T. (2010). The diversity field of New World leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae). Global Ecology and Biogeography, 19(2), 200–211. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2009.00503.x

Evolution of Baker, R. J. . (2003). Diversification among New World leaf-nosed bats: an evolutionary hypothesis and classification inferred from digenomic congruence of DNA sequence. Occasional Papers - Museum of Texas Tech University. Retrieved from http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/publications/opapers/ops/op230.pdf

Baker, R. J., Bininda-Emonds, O. R. P., Mantilla-Meluk, H., Porter, C. A., & Bussche, R. A. V. D. (2010). Molecular Timescale of Diversification of Feeding Strategy and Morphology in New World Leaf-Nosed Bats (Phyllostomidae): a Phylogenetic Perspective, 26. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139045599.012

Rossoni, D. M., Assis, A. P. A., Giannini, N. P., Marroig, G. (2017). Intense natural selection preceded the invasion of new adaptive zones during the radiation of New World leaf-nosed bats. Scientific Reports. 7 (11076). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08989-6

Human Impact Williams‐Guillén, K., & Perfecto, I. (2010). Effects of Agricultural Intensification on the Assemblage of Leaf-Nosed Bats (Phyllostomidae) in a Coffee Landscape in Chiapas, Mexico. Biotropica, 42(5), 605–613. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2010.00626.x

Anatomy (nose facts)

Yohe, L.R., Hoffmann, S., Curtis, A. Vomeronasal and olfactory structures in bats revealed by dicect clarify genetic evidence of function (2018) Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, 12, art. no. 32, .

Dumont, E. R., Samadevam, K., Grosse, I., Warsi, O. M., Baird, B., & Davalos, L. M. (2014). Selection for Mechanical Advantage Underlies Multiple Cranial Optima in New World Leaf-Nosed Bats. Evolution, 68(5), 1436–1449. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12358

Stockwell, E. (2001). Morphology and flight manoeuvrability in New World leaf-nosed bats (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). Journal of Zoology, 254(4), 505-514. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952836901001005

Diets

Kries, K., Barros, M.A.S., Duytschaever, G., Orkin, J.D., Janiak, M.C., Pessoa, D.M.A., Melin, A.D. Colour vision variation in leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae): Links to cave roosting and dietary specialization (2018) Molecular Ecology, 27 (18), pp. 3627-3640.

Elangovan, V., Marimuthu, G., Kunz, T.H. Temporal patterns of resource use by the short-nosed fruit bat, Cynopterus sphinx (Megachiroptera: Pteropodidae) (2001) Journal of Mammalogy, 82 (1), pp. 161-165.

Korine, C., & Kalko, E. K. V. (2005). Fruit detection and discrimination by small fruit-eating bats (Phyllostomidae): echolocation call design and olfaction. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 59(1), 12–23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-005-0003-1

Behavior

Hiryu, S., Katsura, K., Nagato, T., Yamazaki, H., Lin, L.-K., Watanabe, Y., & Riquimaroux, H. (2006). Intra-individual variation in the vocalized frequency of the Taiwanese leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros terasensis, influenced by conspecific colony members. Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 192(8), 807–815. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-006-0118-5

Jiang, T., Liu, R., Metzner, W., You, Y., Li, S., Liu, S., & Feng, J. (2010). Geographical and individual variation in echolocation calls of the intermediate leaf-nosed bat, Hipposideros larvatus. Ethology, 116(8), 691–703. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.2010.01785.x

Life Cycle

Crichton, E. G., & Krutzsch, P. H. (1985). Reproductive biology of the female leaf–nosed bat, Macrotus californicus, in southwestern united states: I. A morphometric analysis of the annual ovarian cycle. American Journal of Anatomy, 173(2), 69–87. https://doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001730202

Jin, L., Lin, A., Sun, K., Liu, Y., & Feng, J. (2011). Postnatal development of morphological features and vocalization in the pomona leaf-nosed bat Hipposideros pomona. Acta Theriologica, 56(1), 13–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13364-010-0011-z

Social Behavior

Porter, F. L. (1979). Social Behavior in the Leaf-Nosed Bat, Carollia perspicillata. Zeitschrift Für Tierpsychologie, 50(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1979.tb01012.x

Chaverri, G., Gillam, E. H., & Vonhof, M. J. (2010). Social calls used by a leaf-roosting bat to signal location. Biology Letters, 6(4), 441–444. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0964

Longru Jin, Siliu Yang, Rebecca T.Kimball, Lifen Xie, Xinke Yue, Bo Luo, … Jiang Feng. (2015). Do pups recognize maternal calls in pomona leaf-nosed bats, Hipposideros pomona? - ScienceDirect. Elsevier - Animal Behavior, 100, 200–207.

Annalee261 (talk) 15:35, 4 October 2018 (UTC)

Outline of edits to make

Introduction Current intro contains: range, diet, and physical description Can add more general information instead of focusing on individual species. Give overview of information in following sections. These changes will give readers a more clear and comprehensive summary of the article and content.

Range - AS Describe locations, climates, and habitats of where Leaf-nosed bats are found

Evolution of - AS Bats are the second most diverse group of mammals, behind rodents - bats evolved to have evolved the ability to actually fly, and are the only mammals that have done so.

It is believed that bats evolved from a common ancestor with the flying lemur and gradually adapted the stretched skin that now forms the wing of the bat from the loose skin used for gliding, and a flapping motion evolved in conjunction with trying to glide further.

Leaf nosed bats (Phyllostomidae) evolved from Yangochiroptera and Miniopteridae with sister groups also evolving from this group.

More information about the evolution of the nose and the different lineages of the species. A tree of the different leaf nosed bats if one can be found/made. (if a tree is available, link to the individual species pages)

Instead of only listing subfamilies and species, these changes will put that information in context and explain the origin and natural history of leaf-nosed bats.

Human Impact - JV Habitat disturbance--presence of humans can cause abandonment of roosts (largest negative impact is during summer months when leaf-nosed bats are rearing young)

California leaf-nosed bats often find permanent homes in abandoned mine shafts--when humans re-work old mines this pushes the bats out of their habitat

In captivity (zoos) life span compared to wild leaf-nosed bats, which species are kept and how frequently. Anatomy - SH Physical size ranges and notable outlier species Overall physical characteristics About the leaf-nose Morphology Potential evolutionary purpose/current function They aren’t sure what the purpose of the leaf nose is used for, but is suspected to aid in the use of echolocation. Variation between species

Diets - JV Range of the types of diets that different leaf nosed bats have - link to the other individual bat species pages. Elaborate on different diets - most are insectivores, list species that are frugivores and carnivores (including vampire bats).

Behavior - AV Behaviors in the dawn/dusk Nighttime hunting/foraging behavior Roosting behavior Protective of young vs. passive in threatening situations

Social Behavior - AV Subsection of behavior - describe the general social interactions of leaf nosed bats. Describe if they are usually found in small or large roosts - or if it’s based on the species. Are there smaller groups within the large roosts? Behavioral displays while mating? If both parents are involved in the rearing of offspring. Can touch on food sharing behavior of vampire bats

Life Cycle - SH Describe the typical mating pattern of leaf nosed bat species and approximately/ give a range of how long the gestation period is and how long they are dependent on their mother. How many offspring does the mother usually have.

Overall, changes will add much more information to give a detailed summary of many aspects of the leaf-nosed bat family and will expound upon the information in the existing article’s introduction and classification sections.

suggestions for student editors

@Juliavillegas, SwimSusan, Als136, and Annalee261: I noticed in your edits that you don't introduce any links! You can find more about when, why, and how to add links to an article here. Enwebb (talk) 00:17, 3 November 2018 (UTC)

Peer Review (Bio 267D)

All edits are suggestions. Feel free to include all, some, or none in the next draft.

Introduction

• Switch the structure of the first two sentences. I want to know about what the leaf nosed bat is (family) before I know where they live!
• There are almost no references in the first two paragraphs. Please cite your sources.

Evolution

• The sentence that starts with "It was thought that the membrane" and then has an em dash (—) repeats the word "the membrane". Grammatically, I think it would be okay to delete the second "the membrane" since the reader knows you are talking about the membrane. It would read something like: "along with the uropatagium — stretching between the legs..."
• There is a general inconsistency between the footnotes appearing before or after the period. In general, I believe the footnote appears after the period in most Wikipedia articles I have seen. Just be consistent.

Biology and Ecology

• Instead of explaining what gonochorism is in the article, link to the gonochorism wikipedia page using the article title code.

Range

• Is this section too short to stand alone? Is it worth moving to be a part of an existing section? The range of the species might be related to its ecology.

Human Impact

• I really like this section, but I cannot tell if it would violate Wikipedia's neutrality policy. Be careful, but go ahead and leave it in for now.

Classification

• Excellent job being thorough here. But, the list takes up so much space! Is there a way to code the list into two smaller columns? This should be the last priority of your edits, but thought it might condense the content.

Nathaniel H2468 (talk) 15:13, 5 November 2018 (UTC)

Evolution

• Might be useful to talk about evolutionary relationship between old world and new world bats (converget evolution?)
• The first paragraph seems more appropriate in an all-bats page. Probably better to just link to generic bat page, unless there are flight evolutions specific to these bats

Description

• Consider relabeling "anatomy" and moving under Biology heading

Biology and Ecology

• Consider splitting up. Detailed explanation in comments below

Range

• I would take a look at various places you talk about range, as some of them are conflicting (Mexico vs. southern US etc.). Some species live as far north as Nevada, so it may be safest to just say the southwestern United states

Human Impact

• This section is fairly species-specific for a heading of general human impact. If this is a common issue, broaden it to other bat species as well. Otherwise, I would either shorten it or include more examples of other issues different leaf-nosed bat species face.
• Another common issue bats face are poisoning from insecticide—you may want to include that as an example as well.

Classification

• Long, but probably necessary. Maybe mess around with the formatting

General comments: The biggest changes I suggest are to split up some of the headings you have to mirror the current Bats Wikipedia page, as it is a little clearer. Splitting Biology and Ecology will make categorization a little more intuitive. I propose that under Biology, you include a renamed Anatomy section (originally “Description”) and Life cycle. Under Ecology, diet and social system would fit. A few sentences should be revised for clarification or grammar, but overall the article is done well and is informative. Just remember that it should pertain specifically to this type of bats—any other generic bat information should be linked to rather than reiterated. If you can ever mention things that are specific to this bat type, do so! I would also try to include more pictures since the group is so diverse. I know Wikipedia is weird about pictures, so it may be difficult, but try to show an array of the diversity that you guys mention in the article. Jacob8598 (talk) 22:10, 5 November 2018 (UTC)

Peer Edit Suggestions

Introduction

• In paragraph 2: Is there significance that the nose-leaves are similar? Does it indicate convergent or divergent evolution?
• Overall a very clear and broad overview for the opening section.

Evolution

• You could add a photo of the bat wing here to point out the uropatagium.
• A graphic representation of the phylogeny would also be useful here to show divergence.

Description

• A picture of different types of adornments would add to the description!

Biology and Ecology

• Does the specific type of nose help with using scent to identify food?
• Are the roosting styles geographically distributed or random?
• Diet: Excellent section with clear examples that support your points!
• Life cycle: How many offspring does a female usually produce throughout her lifecycle? Or is the one pup produced the only one?
• Social systems: Do males provide any parental care?

Range

• A map would be a nice addition here.

Human Impact

• Strong section with clear example and relevance.

Classification

• Well organized.

Summary

Overall the page is well organized, clear, all-encompassing, and interesting. I think additional pictures would be useful. I had a few questions about some of the information that I thought could use some expanding, but the data may not be available to answer my questions. The information is neutral and unbiased with a wide array of reliable sources. Great job!