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Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay (23 July 1898[1] – 14 September 1971) was an Indian novelist who wrote in the Bengali language. He wrote 65 novels, 53-story-books, 12 plays, 4 essay-books, 4 autobiographies, 2 travel stories and composed several songs. He was awarded Rabindra Puraskar, Sahitya Akademi Award, Jnanpith Award, Padma Shri and Padma Bhushan.[2][3][4] He was nominated for Nobel Prize in Literature in 1971 and posthumously nominated in 1972.[5]
Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 23 July 1898 Labhpur, Birbhum district, Bengal Presidency, British India |
| Died | 14 September 1971 (aged 73) Calcutta, West Bengal, India |
| Occupation |
|
| Nationality | Indian |
| Notable awards | |
| Spouse |
Umashashi Devi (m. 1916) |
| Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha | |
| In office 3 April 1960 – 2 April 1966 | |
| Constituency | Nominated |
Biography
editBandyopadhyay was born at his ancestral home at Labhpur village in Birbhum district, Bengal Province, British India (now West Bengal, India) to Haridas Bandyopadhyay and Prabhabati Devi.[6]
He passed the Matriculation examination from Labhpur Jadablal H. E. School in 1916 and was later admitted first to St. Xavier's College, Calcutta and then to South Suburban College (now Asutosh College). While studying in intermediate at St. Xavier's College, he joined the non-co-operation movement. He could not complete his university course due to ill health and political activism.[7] During these college years, he was also associated with a radical militant youth group and was arrested and interned in his village.[8]
He was arrested in 1930 for actively supporting the Indian independence movement, but released later that year. After that he decided to devote himself to literature.[9] In 1932, he met Rabindranath Tagore at Santiniketan for the first time. His first novel Chaitali Ghurni was published on the same year.[7]
In 1940, he rented a house at Bagbazar and brought his family to Calcutta. In 1941, he moved to Baranagar. In 1942, he presided over the Birbhum District Literature Conference and became the president of the Anti-Fascist Writers and Artists Association in Bengal. In 1944, he presided over the Kanpur Bengali Literature Conference arranged by the non-resident Bengalis living there. In 1947, he inaugurated Prabasi Banga Sahitya Sammelan held in Calcutta; presided over the Silver Jubilee Prabasi Banga Sahitya Sammelan in Bombay; and received Sarat Memorial Medal from the University of Calcutta. In 1948, he moved to his own house at Tala Park, Calcutta.[7]
In 1952, he was nominated to be a member of the legislative assembly. He was a member of the West Bengal Vidhan Parishad between 1952–60. In 1954, he took Diksha from his mother. In the same year he scripted and directed a film, Naa, based on his own story. In 1955, he was awarded the Rabindra Puraskar by the Government of West Bengal. In 1956, he received the Sahitya Akademi Award. In 1957 he visited Soviet Union to join the preparatory committee of the Afro-Asian Writers' Association and later went to Tashkent at an invitation from the Chinese Government as the leader of the Indian Writers delegation at the Afro-Asian Writers' Association.[7]
In 1959, he received the Jagattarini Gold Medal from the University of Calcutta, and presided over All India Writer's Conference in Madras. In 1960, he retired from the West Bengal Legislative Assembly but was nominated to the Parliament by the President of India. He was a member of Rajya Sabha between 1960–66. In 1962, he received Padma Shri; but the death of his son-in-law broke his heart and to keep himself diverted he took to painting and making wooden toys. In 1963, he received Sisirkumar Award. In 1966, he retired from the Parliament and presided over Nagpur Bengali Literature Conference. In 1966, he won the Jnanpith Award and in 1969, he received Padma Bhushan and was honoured with the title of Doctor of Literature by the University of Calcutta and the Jadavpur University. In 1969, he was given the fellowship of Sahitya Akademi, in 1970 became the president of Bangiya Sahitya Parishad/Vangiya Sahitya Parishad. In 1971, he gave the Nripendrachandra Memorial Lecture at Visva-Bharati University and D. L. Roy Memorial Lecture at the University of Calcutta.[7]
Bandyopadhyay died at his Calcutta residence early in the morning on 14 September 1971. His last rites were performed at the Nimtala Cremation Ground, North Calcutta.[7]
In 2021, Bandhopadhyay's ancestral home in Labhpur was converted into a museum in his memory by local residents as well as his family. It archives several personal artifacts, and photographs.[6]
Family members and relatives
editTarasankar Bandyopadhyay was married to Umashashi Devi in 1916. Their eldest son Sanatkumar Bandyopadhyay was born in 1918; the youngest son Saritkumar Bandyopadhyay was born in 1922; the eldest daughter Ganga was born in 1924; the second daughter Bulu was born in 1926 but died in 1932; the youngest daughter Bani was born in 1932.[7]
Awards
edit- 1955 – Rabindra Puraskar for his novel Arogya Niketan[citation needed]
- 1956 – Sahitya Akademi Award[citation needed]
- 1966 – Jnanpith Award for his novel Ganadebata.[10]
- 1962 – Padma Shri[citation needed]
- 1969 – Padma Bhushan[11]
- ---- – Sharat Smriti Puraskar [citation needed]
- ---- – Jagattarini Gold Medal from the Calcutta University[citation needed]
Bibliography
editPoetry
edit- Tripatra (1926)
Novels
edit
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Short story collections
edit
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Drama
edit
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|
Farce
edit- Chakmaki (1945)
Memoirsedit
Travelogueedit
|
Essaysedit
Collected worksedit
|
Discography
editList of all songs for which Lyrics were composed by Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay
| Year | Song | Singer | Film/album | Lyrics | Music |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | Aamar bajubondher jhumko dolay | Sandhya Mukherjee | - | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | Sudhin Dasgupta |
| 1975 | Aha bhalobese ei bujhechhi | Jatileswar Mukherjee | - | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | Ashoke Roy |
| 1962 | Bhai re alor tare | Hemanta Mukherjee | Hasuli Baaker Upokotha | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | Hemanta Mukherjee |
| 1949 | Chand dekhe kalanka | Rabin Majumdar | - | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | - |
| 1957 | Ei khed mor mone | Rabin Majumdar | Kobi | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | Anil Bagchi |
| 1962 | Gopane moner kotha | Hemanta Mukherjee | Hasuli Baaker Upokotha | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | Hemanta Mukherjee |
| 1954 | Kamal mukh shukeye geche | Manabendra Mukherjee | Chaapa Dangar Bou | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | Manabendra Mukherjee |
| 1970 | Maran tomar | Manna Dey | Manjari Opera | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | - |
| 1968 | Milana mdhu madhuri bhora | Manabendra Mukherjee | Ramya Geeti, All India Radio | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | Jnan Prakash Ghosh |
| 1962 | Mora jor paye chalibo | Hemanta Mukherjee and Debabrata Biswas | Hasuli Baaker Upokotha | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | Hemanta Mukherjee |
| 1957 | O amar moner manush go | Rabin Majumdar | Kobi | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | Anil Bagchi |
| - | O hay chokher chhotay | Rabin Majumdar | - | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | - |
| 1958 | Ogo tomar shesh bicharer ashay | Manne Dey | Dak Harkara | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | Sudhin Dasgupta |
| 1975 | Paran bodhua tumi | female voice | Kobi | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | Anil Bagchi |
| 1968 | Praner radhar kon thikana | Manabendra Mukherjee | Ramya Geeti, All India Radio | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | Jnan Prakash Ghosh |
| 1975 | Praner radhar kon thikana | Jatileswar Mukherjee | - | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | Ashoke Roy |
| 1954 | Shiba he shiba he | Manabendra Mukherjee | Chaapa Dangar Bou | Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay | Manabendra Mukherjee |
Adatation to film
editBengali:
- Dui Purush (1945 film)
- Agradani
- Bedeni (film)
- Ganadevata (film)
- Arogya Niketan (film)
- Saptapadi (1961 film)
- Hansuli Banker Upakatha (film)
- Champadangar Bou
- Bicharak
- Antarmahal
- Bipasha (film)
Malayalam:
Hindi:
Tamil:
References
edit- ^ Documentary on tarashankar Bandopadhyay on YouTube
- ^ "Birbhum | Dhatridebata, the ancestral home of writer Tarashankar Bandopadhyay, to be renovated - The Statesman". The Statesman. 28 July 2018. Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
- ^ "Tarashankar Bandyopadhyay (Author of কবি)". Archived from the original on 31 December 2019. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
- ^ "Bandyopadhyay, Tarashankar - Banglapedia". Archived from the original on 8 June 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
- ^ "Nomination Archive - Tarashankar Bandyopadhyay". NobelPrize.org. April 2020. Archived from the original on 26 September 2022. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
- ^ a b "Labhpur Dhatridebata Museum: A small homage to a giant of Bengali literature". www.telegraphindia.com. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g Devi, Mahashweta (1983) [1975]. Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay. Makers of Indian Literature (2nd ed.). New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. pp. 77–79.
- ^ Bardhan, Kalpana, ed. (1990). Of Women, Outcastes, Peasants, and Rebels: A Selection of Bengali Short Stories. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. p. 22. Archived from the original on 21 September 2018. Retrieved 21 September 2018.[ISBN missing]
- ^ Sengupta, Subodh Chandra and Bose, Anjali (editors), (1976/1998), Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan (Biographical dictionary) Vol I, (in Bengali), Kolkata: Sahitya Samsad, ISBN 81-85626-65-0, p 195
- ^ "Jnanpith Laureates Official listings". Jnanpith Website. Archived from the original on 13 October 2007.
- ^ "Padma Awards" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
- ^ a b jalsagar