The Viking (1928 film)

The Viking is a 1928 American synchronized sound drama film. While the film has no audible dialog, it was released with a synchronized musical score with sound effects using the sound-on-film Western Electric Sound System process. This film was the first feature-length Technicolor film that featured a soundtrack, and it was the first film made in Technicolor's Process 3. It stars Pauline Starke, Donald Crisp, and LeRoy Mason. The film is loosely based on the 1902 novel The Thrall of Leif the Lucky by Ottilie A. Liljencrantz. The Viking was directed by Roy William Neill.

The Viking
Directed by	Roy William Neill
Written by	Randolph Bartlett (titles) Jack Cunningham
Based on	The Thrall of Leif the Lucky 1902 novel by Ottilie A. Liljencrantz
Produced by	Herbert Kalmus
Starring	Pauline Starke Donald Crisp LeRoy Mason
Cinematography	George Cave
Edited by	Aubrey Scotto
Music by	William Axt (uncredited) Richard Wagner (uncredited) Edvard Grieg (uncredited)
Color process	Technicolor
Production company	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Distributed by	Loew's, Inc.
Release date	November 2, 1928 (1928-11-02)
Running time	90 minutes
Country	United States
Languages	Sound (Synchronized) (English Intertitles)

The Viking (1928)

Plot

Lord Alwin (LeRoy Mason), Earl of Northumbria, is captured in a Viking raid and taken to Norway as a slave. There he is bought by Helga (Pauline Starke), an "orphan of noble blood" under the guardianship of Leif Ericsson (Donald Crisp). He proves a troublesome slave, and Leif's sailing master, Egil the Black (Harry Woods), prepares to kill him for his insolence, but Helga stops him. When Alwin challenges Egil to a sword fight, Leif is impressed by his courage and permits it. Alwin manages to break Egil's sword, but spares him. Helga then gives Alwin to Leif.

Leif, with the support of King Olaf (Roy Stewart), the first Christian king of Norway, sets out to search for lands beyond Greenland, which was discovered by his pagan father, Eric the Red (Anders Randolf). Back in Greenland, Eric kills one of his men after he discovers that the man is a Christian. When Leif stops there to pick up supplies, Eric gives his blessing for his marriage to Helga (unbeknownst to her). However, after it is revealed that Leif is himself a Christian, Eric disowns him and refuses to give him any supplies. Fighting breaks out after Leif instructs Alwin to take the supplies anyway. In the confusion, Helga stows away on Leif's ship.

Leif has no choice but to take her along. During the voyage, she and Alwin confess their love for each other. Unaware of this, Leif informs her that he will marry her on the "second change of the moon". Egil, in love with Helga himself, foments a mutiny among the crew, who fear sailing off the edge of the world. When Egil prepares to stab Leif in the back during the wedding ceremony, Alwin leaps in the way and is wounded. Leif kills Egil, but is enraged when Helga reveals that she loves Alwin. He raises his sword to kill the unconscious Alwin, but his Christian faith stops him. Just then, land is sighted, and the mutiny dissolves.

Leif steps ashore bearing a makeshift cross. He has a stone tower built and makes friends with the natives. When Leif leaves for home, Alwin, Helga and a few others remain behind. A final, 'modern day,' scene, with God Bless America sung in the background, states that the stone tower still stands in Newport, Rhode Island.

Cast

• Donald Crisp as Leif Ericsson
• Pauline Starke as Helga [Nillson]
• LeRoy Mason as Alwin
• Anders Randolph as Eric the Red
• Richard Alexander as Sigurd
• Harry Lewis Woods as Egil
• Albert MacQuarrie as Kark
• Roy Stewart as King Olaf
• Torben Meyer as Odd
• Claire MacDowell as Lady Editha (credited as Claire MacDowell)
• Julia Swayne Gordon as Thorhild
• Iron Eyes Cody as Indian (uncredited)
• Frank Ellis as Man Who Gives Sword to Alwin (uncredited)
• Francis McDonald as Viking Friend of Leif (uncredited)
• Lon Poff as Friar Slain by Vikings (uncredited)
• Angelo Rossitto as Viking Dwarf (uncredited)
• Dick Sutherland as Viking (uncredited)

Production

The Viking was the first feature film to use Technicolor's dye-transfer process because of the technical limitation of the previous process with printing sound, which used two prints cemented base-to-base. The film was considered the finest use of color cinematography at the time of release.

Early sound and color technology

The sound was recorded in the Movietone sound-on-film system originally developed by Fox Film Corporation, with color by Technicolor in their new dye transfer process, now known as Process 3.

The film was produced by the Technicolor Corporation, but was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, after production chief Irving Thalberg became impressed with the technology. The film carries MGM's Leo the Lion logo in color, featuring a different lion (called Telly) than the one (Jackie) shown on black-and-white films. In 1930, MGM reissued the film as a color sound musical film titled The Private Life of Leif Ericson. The sound film survives today as well as the silent version.

Reception

Critical response

Film critic Mordaunt Hall of The New York Times wrote in his review: "the figures often look as if they had stepped out of an opera comique…. The make-up of the players is often more than a trifle overdone, especially when the villain reveals on close inspection his mouse-colored eyelids."

In 1938, Technicolor president Herbert Kalmus wrote:

There seemed to be two principal troubles with The Viking, both of which I suspected but without certainty. First it came out among the very last silent pictures in 1929, and second, whiskers. Leif Ericson, the Viking hero true to character had a long curling mustache, whereas American audiences prefer their lovers smooth-shaven. At times the whole screen seemed filled with Viking whiskers.

Film historians Sheldon Hall and Steve Neale wrote in their book Epics, Spectacles, and Blockbusters: "The Viking was neither a talkie nor a musical", as the other two Technicolor films of "the late 1920s and early 1930s".

See also

• List of early color feature films
• List of early sound feature films (1926–1929)
• List of films featuring slavery

References

Sources

• Hall, Sheldon; Neale, Steve (2010). "Color, Large Screen, Wide Screen, and Sound (1894–1931)". Epics, Spectacles, and Blockbusters. Contemporary Approaches to Film and Media Series. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. p. 68. ISBN 978-0814330081.
• Helgason, Jón Karl (2017). "Leif: When civilization was less civilized". Echoes of Valhalla: The Afterlife of the Eddas and Sagas (Translation ed.). Islington, London: Reaktion Books. p. 155. ISBN 978-1780237152.
• Klepper, Robert K. (1999). Silent Films, 1877-1996: A Critical Guide to 646 Movies. New York City: McFarland & Company. p. 493. ISBN 978-0786405954.
• Matheson, Lister M. (2011). Icons of the Middle Ages: Rulers, Writers, Rebels, and Saints. Greenwood Icons. Vol. 1. Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 302. ISBN 978-0313340819.
• Usai, Paolo Cherchi (2018). Silent Cinema: A Guide to Study, Research and Curatorship (3rd ed.). Lambeth, London: British Film Institute. p. 61. ISBN 978-1844575299.
• Wolf, Kirsten; Mueller-Vollmer, Tristan (2018). The Vikings: Historical Facts and Fictions. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. p. 110. ISBN 978-1440862984.

External links

• The Viking at IMDb
• The Viking is available for free viewing and download at the Internet Archive
• The Viking at the TCM Movie Database
• The Viking at the AFI Catalog of Feature Films
• Technicolor - a history of the colour process, including information about The Viking.