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Tolumnia (plant)

Tolumnia (abbreviated Tolu.[2]), is a genus in the family Orchidaceae. Previously known as the "equitant oncidiums," the species were segregated from the mega-genus Oncidium by Guido Braem in 1986. Dancing-lady orchid is a common name for some species in this genus.[3]

Tolumnia
Tolumnia velutina,
Dominican Republic
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Cymbidieae
Subtribe: Oncidiinae
Genus: Tolumnia
Raf.
Synonyms[1]
List
  • Olgasis Raf.
  • Xaritonia Raf.
  • Antillanorchis (C.Wright ex Griseb.) Garay
  • Hispaniella Braem
  • Jamaiciella Braem
  • Braasiella Braem, Lückel & Rüssmann
  • Gudrunia Braem

Distribution

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The genus is primarily native to the Greater Antilles, with a few species extending into Florida, the Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America and northern South America (from Colombia to French Guiana).[1]

Description

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Tolumnia gauntlettii

The plants are small, usually epiphytic, with small or absent pseudobulbs completely covered by leaves, which are triangular or circular in cross section and overlap each other at base to resemble a fan.[1]

The inflorescences arise between the leaf base and bear colorful, showy flowers. The labella are large, ornamented by variously shaped calli. The column bears prominent wings flanking the stigma. [1]

Pollination

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Tolumnia sylvestris
 
Tolumnia variegata

Species in the genus are pollinated by oil-collecting bees of the genus Centris. Instead of producing oils as a reward for their pollinators, Tolumnia species instead mimic the oil-producing flowers of Malpighiaceae species. Flowers are self-incompatible. Fragrance strength can vary greatly even within a species.[4][5][6]

Species

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  1. Tolumnia arizajuliana (Withner & J.Jiménez Alm.) Ackerman, 1997
  2. Tolumnia bahamensis (Nash) Braem, 1986
  3. Tolumnia calochila (Cogn.) Braem, 1986
  4. Tolumnia compressicaulis (Withner) Braem, 1986
  5. Tolumnia gauntlettii (Withner & Jesup) Nir, 1994
  6. Tolumnia guianensis (Aubl.) Braem, 1986
  7. Tolumnia guibertiana (A.Rich.) Braem, 1986
  8. Tolumnia gundlachii (C.Wright ex Griseb.) N.H.Williams & Ackerman, 2007
  9. Tolumnia guttata (L.) Nir, 1994
  10. Tolumnia haitiensis (Leonard & Ames) Braem, 1986
  11. Tolumnia hawkesiana (Moir) Braem, 1986
  12. Tolumnia henekenii (Schomburgk ex Lindl.) Nir, 1994
  13. Tolumnia leiboldi (Rchb. f.) Braem, 1986
  14. Tolumnia lucayana (Nash) Braem, 1986
  15. Tolumnia pulchella (Hook.) Rafinesque, 1837
  16. Tolumnia quadriloba (Schweinf.) Braem, 1986
  17. Tolumnia scandens (Moir) Braem, 1986
  18. Tolumnia sylvestris (Lindl.) Braem, 1986
  19. Tolumnia triquetra (Sw.) Nir, 1994
  20. Tolumnia tuerckheimii (Cogn.) Braem, 1986
  21. Tolumnia urophylla (Loddiges ex Lindl.) Braem, 1986
  22. Tolumnia usneoides (Lindl.) Braem, 1986
  23. Tolumnia variegata (Sw.) Braem, 1986
  24. Tolumnia velutina (Lindl. & Paxton) Braem, 1986

Synonyms

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  1. Tolumnia acunae (M. A. Diaz) Nir, 2000 (synonym of: Tolumnia tuerckheimii (Cogn.) Braem, 198)
  2. Tolumnia borinquensis Sauleda & Ragan, 1996 (synonym of: Tolumnia variegata (Sw.) Braem, 1986)
  3. Tolumnia caymanensis (Moir) Braem, 1986 (synonym of: Tolumnia leiboldii (Rchb.f.) Braem, 1986)
  4. Tolumnia lemoniana ssp. lemoniana Braem, 1986 (synonym of: Tolumnia guianensis (Aubl.) Braem, 1986)
  5. Tolumnia tetrapetala (Jacq.) Braem, 1986 (synonym of Tolumnia guttata (L.) Nir, 1994 )

Hybrids

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This list is incomplete.
 
Tolumnia Sniffen

Hybrids of Tolumnia with orchids in other genera are placed in the following nothogenera:[7]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ^ Alphabetical List of Standard Abbreviations for Natural and Hybrid Generic Names, RHS, 2017. https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/plant-registration-forms/orchid-name-abbreviations-list.pdf
  3. ^ NRCS. "Tolumnia". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 11 December 2015.
  4. ^ Sauleda, Ruben P. (July 19, 2014). "Pollination Biology and Taxonomy of the Genera Tolumnia Raf. and Oncidium Sw. (Orchidaceae) in South Florida: Tolumnia bahamensis (Nash ex Britton & Millspaugh) Braem, Oncidium floridanum Ames, Oncidium undulatum (Sw.) Salisb. (Lophiaris maculata (Aubl.) Ackerman)" (PDF). New World Orchidaceae – Nomenclatural Notes (13).
  5. ^ Vale, áNgel; Navarro, Luis; Rojas, Danny; áLvarez, Julio C. (May 2011). "Breeding system and pollination by mimicry of the orchid Tolumnia guibertiana in Western Cuba". Plant Species Biology. 26 (2): 163–173. doi:10.1111/j.1442-1984.2011.00322.x. ISSN 0913-557X.
  6. ^ Ackerman, James D.; Meléndez-Ackerman, Elvia J.; Salguero-Faria, José (October 1997). "Variation in pollinator abundance and selection on fragrance phenotypes in an epiphytic orchid". American Journal of Botany. 84 (10): 1383–1390. doi:10.2307/2446136. ISSN 0002-9122. JSTOR 2446136. PMID 21708546.
  7. ^ "Tolumnia | International Plant Names Index".
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