The Basel tramway network (German: Basler Strassenbahn-Netz) is a network of tramways forming part of the public transport system in Basel, Switzerland, and its agglomeration - it also reaches into adjacent suburbs in Germany and France. The only two other tramway networks to cross an international border are Geneva's and Strasbourg's tramways. The Basel tram system consists of 12 lines. Due to its longevity (the network is now more than a century old), it is part of Basel's heritage and, alongside the Basel Minster, is one of the symbols of the city.
| Basel tramway network | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 A BLT tram in Basel | |||
| Operation | |||
| Locale | Basel, Switzerland | ||
| Open | 6 May 1895 | ||
| Status | Operational | ||
| Lines | 12 | ||
| Operator(s) |
| ||
| Infrastructure | |||
| Track gauge | 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge | ||
| Electrification | 650 V DC[1] | ||
| Statistics | |||
| Route length | 128.5 km (79.8 mi) | ||
| |||
| Website | http://www.bvb.ch Basler Verkehrs-Betriebe (in German) | ||
The trams on the network are operated by two transport providers: Basler Verkehrs-Betriebe (Basel Transport Service) (BVB) and Baselland Transport (BLT). Both operators are part of the integrated fare network Tarifverbund Nordwestschweiz (TNW), which in itself is part of the three countries-integrated fare network triregio.[2][3][4]
BVB is owned by the Canton of Basel-Stadt. Its green trams operate mostly in the city, although termini of its lines 3, 6, 8 and 14 are across the cantonal or country border.
BLT is owned by the Canton of Basel-Land and has yellow and red livery. It owns the tram infrastructure in Basel-Land und runs the lines 10, 11 and 17 who are passing through Basel on BVB-tracks. At the same time, BVB line 14 runs partially on BLT-tracks. BLT line 10 at one point passes through the territory of France.[5]
History
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The first line of the Basel tramway network was opened on 6 May 1895. It followed the route Centralbahnhof–Marktplatz–Mittlere Brücke–Aeschenplatz–Badischer Bahnhof.
The network grew quickly. In 1897, six new sections were put in service, with one linking Basel and Birsfelden.
In 1900, the Basel tramway network acquired an international dimension, when a new cross-border line was opened to Sankt-Ludwig (now Saint-Louis, Haut-Rhin), in the then German Empire. The line operated till 1950. In 1910, a second international line was opened to Hüningen (now Huningue also Haut Rhin), which was used until 1961. The line to Lörrach in Baden, Germany, was opened in 1919 and worked till 1967.
Since 1887, the tram from Basel to Rodersdorf, now part of Baselland Transport line n° 10, passed (and passes) through the village of Leymen in Alsace. But that Birsigthalbahn (Birsig Valley Railway) would be joined to the general tram network of Basel as late as in 1984.
From 1900 until 1936, at least one section of the network was modified each year. In 1934, upon the opening of a new section of line from Margarethenstr. to Binningen, the network reached its greatest length of 72 km (45 mi).
During the two World Wars, services were suspended on the parts of the line extending beyond Switzerland's borders. After World War II, several lines were closed. In 1958, the total length of the network's routes was 51.7 km (32.1 mi).
In 1974, the several companies that had been operating the suburban lines were merged to form the new company bearing the name Baselland Transport AG (BLT).
Lines
editAs of 2022,[update] the Basel tram network comprises 12 lines. Nine are operated by BVB and three by BLT. The combined line length of the 12 lines is 128.5 kilometres (79.8 mi).[6][7][a][b]
| No. | Route | Route length | Operator | Route map |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dreirosenbrücke – Brausebad - Bahnhof SBB (– Badischer Bahnhof) | 7.31 kilometres (4.54 mi) | BVB | 
|
| 2 | Binningen Kronenplatz – Badischer Bahnhof - Eglisee (– Riehen Fondation Beyeler) | 9.26 kilometres (5.75 mi) | BVB | 
|
| 3 | Saint-Louis (France) Burgfelderhof – Breite - Birsfelden Hard | 9.58 kilometres (5.95 mi) | BVB | 
|
| 6 | Allschwil - Morgartenring – Badischer Bahnhof -Riehen Grenze | 12.58 kilometres (7.82 mi) | BVB | 
|
| 8 | Neuweilerstrasse – Kleinhüningen Weil am Rhein (Germany) | 10.23 kilometres (6.36 mi) | BVB | 
|
| 10 | Rodersdorf - Flüh - Ettingen – Bahnhof SBB - Münchenstein-Dornach | 25.974 kilometres (16.139 mi) | BLT | 
|
| 11 | St. Louis Grenze – Bahnhof SBB - Reinach Dorf - Aesch | 14.235 kilometres (8.845 mi) | BLT | 
|
| 14 | Dreirosenbrücke Aeschenplatz – Basel St. Jakob - Muttenz Dorf - Pratteln | 12.81 kilometres (7.96 mi) | BVB | 
|
| 15 | Messeplatz – Bruderholz | 5.39 kilometres (3.35 mi) | BVB | 
|
| 16 | Bruderholz – Schifflände | 5.48 kilometres (3.41 mi) | BVB | 
|
| 17 | Wiesenplatz – Ettingen | 12.215 kilometres (7.590 mi) | BLT | 
|
| 21 | Bahnhof St. Johann – Badischer Bahnhof | 3.50 kilometres (2.17 mi) | BVB | 
|
Cross-border routes
editThe Basel tram network is unusual in crossing international borders.
Line 10 to Rodersdorf runs via Leymen in France. For customs purposes the trams operate through France as privileged transit traffic. Passengers remaining on the tram are not subject to customs rules. Passengers may get on or off the tram in Leymen only if they are carrying goods within the customs limits.
In 2014, line 8 was extended across the border to Weil am Rhein station, in Germany.
Construction started in 2015 to extend Line 3 from its then-terminus at Bourgfelden Grenze to Saint-Louis station in France.[8] The extension opened in 2017.[9] Late-night services on the cross-border line were suspended in 2019 due to a series of attacks in which laser pointers were used to obstruct the vision of tram operators.[10]
Network Map
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See also
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Notes
editFootnotes
edit- ^ Eisenbahnatlas Schweiz. Verlag Schweers + Wall GmbH. 2012. p. 62. ISBN 978-3-89494-130-7.
- ^ Eisenbahnatlas Deutschland. Verlag Schweers + Wall GmbH. 2009. pp. 110–111. ISBN 978-3-89494-139-0.
- ^ "Tarifverbund Nordwestschweiz" (in German). Trarifverbund Nordwestschweiz. Retrieved 2014-11-05.
- ^ "triregio - grenzenlos mobil" (in German and French). triregio. Retrieved 2014-11-05.
- ^ "Geschichte (history)". Baselland Transport. Archived from the original on 18 May 2010. Retrieved 28 February 2010.
- ^ Basler Verkehrs-Betriebe (2021). "Basler Verkehrs-Betriebe Geschäftsbericht 2021" (PDF) (in German). p. 22.
- ^ Baselland Transport (2021). "Geschäftsbericht 2021" (PDF) (in German). p. 64.
- ^ "Tram 3 info". Basler Verkehrs-Betriebe. Retrieved 26 June 2015.
- ^ "Switzerland Just Opened the World's Only Tri-National Streetcar System". Bloomberg. CityLab. 13 December 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "'Too dangerous': Basel cancels late-night trams to France". The Local. 3 May 2019. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
References
edit- Appenzeller, Stephan (1995). Basel und sein Tram : die Geschichte der Basler Verkehrs-Betriebe [Basel and its Trams: the History of the Basler Verkehrs-Betriebe] (in German). Basel: Christoph-Merian-Verlag. ISBN 3856160639.
- Bernet, Ralph (2000). Trams in der Schweiz: von Basel bis Zürich: Strassenbahn-Betriebe einst und jetzt [Trams in Switzerland: from Basel to Zurich: Tramway Operators Then and Now] (in German). München: GeraMond-Verlag. ISBN 393278507X.
- Madörin, Dominik (2003). Das Rollmaterial der Basler Verkehrs-Betriebe [The Rolling Stock of the Basler Verkehrs-Betriebe] (in German). Freiburg (Breisgau): EK-Verlag. ISBN 3882558431.
- Schwandl, Robert (2010). Schwandl's Tram Atlas Schweiz & Österreich. Berlin: Robert Schwandl Verlag. ISBN 978 3 936573 27 5. (in German and English)
External links
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- Basler Verkehrs-Betriebe (BVB) – official site (in German)
- Baselland Transport (BLT) – official site (in German)
- Tramclub Basel – official site (in German)
- Tram-Museum Basel – official site (in German)
- Basel database / photo gallery and Basel tram list at Urban Electric Transit – in various languages, including English.
- Basel database / photo gallery at Phototrans – in various languages, including English.
- Gleisplanweb track map