The Tumut River (/ˈtjuːmət/),[5] a perennial stream[1] that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the Snowy Mountains and South West Slopes districts of New South Wales, Australia.
| Tumut Doomut[1] | |
|---|---|
 Tumut River, near Tumut, New South Wales | |
  Location of the Tumut River mouth in New South Wales | |
| Etymology | Aboriginal: derived from Doomut or Doomat; meaning camping by the river[2] |
| Native name | |
| Location | |
| Country | Australia |
| State | New South Wales |
| Region | Australian Alps (IBRA), South Eastern Highlands (IBRA), Snowy Mountains, South West Slopes |
| Municipalities | Tumut, Gundagai |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | Toolong Range, Snowy Mountains |
| • location | west of Mount Jagungal |
| • coordinates | 36°5′18″S 148°23′5″E / 36.08833°S 148.38472°E |
| • elevation | 1,430 m (4,690 ft) |
| Mouth | confluence with the Murrumbidgee River |
• location | near Gundagai |
• coordinates | 35°1′18″S 148°10′51″E / 35.02167°S 148.18083°E |
• elevation | 220 m (720 ft) |
| Length | 182 km (113 mi) |
| Basin size | 4,000 km2 (1,500 sq mi) |
| Basin features | |
| River system | Murrumbidgee catchment, Murray–Darling basin |
| Tributaries | |
| • left | Long Creek (Tumut), Buddong Creek, Gilmore Creek |
| • right | Bogong Creek, Doubtful Creek, Happy Jacks Creek, Jounama Creek, McGregors Creek, Blowering Creek, Goobarragandra River, Brungle Creek |
| Dams | Happy Jacks, Tumut Pond, Tumut Two, Talbingo, Jounama, Blowering |
| [3][4] | |
Location and features
editThe Tumut River rises on the northern face of Mount Jagungal in the Snowy Mountains at 1,430 metres (4,690 ft) and flows generally north by west, joined by twelve tributaries including the Doubtful Creek, Happy Jacks Creek and Goobarragandra River before meeting its confluence with the Murrumbidgee River, at Darbalara near the town of Gundagai; descending 1,210 metres (3,970 ft) over its 182-kilometre (113 mi) course.[3][6]
Between Cabramurra and Tumut, the natural course of the Tumut River has been altered as a result of the construction of the Snowy Mountains Scheme. A series of sixteen major dams and seven hydro-electric power stations were constructed between 1949 and 1974 to harness the flow of the Tumut and Snowy rivers. The Tumut River is impounded by six dams, located at Happy Jacks Dam, Tumut Pond Dam, Tumut Two Dam, Talbingo Dam, Jounama Dam, and Blowering Dam. Four hydro-power stations are located adjacent to the river flow. Although a relatively short river, the natural flow of the Tumut River is quite high,[citation needed] as it drains the snowmelt and other runoff from a large proportion of the northern Snowy Mountains. The natural flow of the river is amplified by water transferred from the Tooma River and Lake Eucumbene by the Snowy Mountains Scheme.
The river is crossed by the heritage-listed Junction Bridge at Tumut.[7]
Etymology
editThe word Tumut is derived from the Wiradjuri word doomut or doomat, meaning camping by the river.[2][8]
Environmental concerns
editThe Tumut River has been subject to considerable debate and lobbying on environmental grounds. The Tumut River has been widely documented[where?] as suffering from the effects of the un-natural flow regime resulting from the creation of the Snowy Mountain Scheme and the irrigation demand downstream of the Tumut River. Environmental damage attributed to the management of the Tumut River by the Government of New South Wales includes;
- Erosion of river banks – quoted as approximating 2 hectares (4.9 acres) of lost land per 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) of river frontage.[9][10]
- Waterlogging (souring) of low-lying land along the river.
- Isolation of historical anabranches of the river (e.g. Holt's anabranch which is now regularly cut off at low flows.) The historic village of Brungle has been the subject of considerable media coverage on both Prime and WIN TV regarding river flows and water quality.
- Thermal pollution (low water temperatures) resulting from the "bottom of the dam" outlet of Blowering Dam.[11]
- Loss of flora and fauna (e.g. platypuses) from the extreme changes in water level from high irrigation flows to winter flows of less than 500 megalitres (18×106 cu ft) per day.[12]
- Rock facing of river banks to attempt to control erosion caused by high irrigation flows.
Sporting and leisure activities
editThe Tumut River has been a popular destination for a variety of sport and leisure activities including;
- Canoeing/Kayaking – there are many excellent opportunities for canoeing downstream of Blowering Dam. Canoeing activities are often limited to higher flows as winter low flows are very difficult to paddle. Paddling is very pleasant at discharges above 2,000 megalitres (71×106 cu ft) per day at Blowering Dam. The Tumut Valley Canoe Club are regular paddlers of the Tumut River. They meet at 5pm on Wednesday during Summer at their clubhouse which is next to the Riverglade caravan park Tumut.
- Fishing – Fishing on the Tumut River is now limited to cold water species e.g. introduced trout species. The low temperatures of the river due to the bottom of the dam releases from Blowering Dam have virtually eliminated native fish species.
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b c "Tumut River". Geographical Names Register (GNR) of NSW. Geographical Names Board of New South Wales. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
- ^ a b Reed, A. W. (1973). Place Names of Australia (paperback). Frenchs Forest, Sydney: Reed Books Pty Limited. p. 214. ISBN 0-589-50128-3.
- ^ a b "Map of Tumut River". Bonzle Digital Atlas of Australia. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
- ^ "About the Lower Murrumbidgee Catchment". CSIRO. Archived from the original on 22 July 2008. Retrieved 10 March 2008.
- ^ Tumut. Melbourne: The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd. 2005. ISBN 1-876429-14-3.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - ^ "Travel: Tumut". The Sydney Morning Herald. 8 February 2004. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
- ^ "Junction Bridge". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment. H01471. Retrieved 2 June 2018.
Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC BY 4.0 licence.
- ^ Aboriginal placenames : naming and re-naming the Australian landscape. Hercus, L. A. (Luise Anna), 1926-2018., Koch, Harold James. Canberra: ANU E Press. 2009. ISBN 978-1-921666-09-4. OCLC 436100287.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Hodgkinson, Katrina (4 September 2001). "Tumut River Environmental Damage". Private Members Statements: Hansard. Parliament of New South Wales. Archived from the original on 5 August 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
- ^ "Tumut: Riparian Condition". State of the Environment Report. Government of the Australian Capital Territory. 2004. Archived from the original on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
- ^ Harris, Graham (2006). "Inland waters". State of the Environment. Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
- ^ "Lower Murray River aquatic ecological community" (PDF). Prime Facts. 172 (2). NSW Department of Primary Industries: 1–4. September 2007. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
External links
edit- "Murrumbidgee and Lake George catchments". Office of Environment and Heritage (map). Government of New South Wales.
- Bevitt, R.; Erskine, W.; Gillespie, G.; Harriss, J.; Lake, P.; Miners, B.; Varley, I. (May 2009). Expert panel environmental flow assessment of various rivers affected by the Snowy Mountains Scheme. NSW Department of Water and Energy. ISBN 978-0-7347-5656-5.