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Weymouth Street

For the street in Adelaide, South Australia once spelled this way, see Waymouth Street.

Weymouth Street lies in the Marylebone district of the City of Westminster and connects Marylebone High Street with Great Portland Street. The area was developed in the late 18th century by Henrietta Cavendish Holles and her husband Edward Harley, 2nd Earl of Oxford.[1] This part of Marylebone was noted to part of Manor of Tyburn and dates back to the year 1086.

Weymouth Street
Looking west down Weymouth Street in 2010
Length601 m (1,972 ft)
LocationWestminster, London
Postal codeW1
Nearest Tube stationLondon Underground Great Portland Street; Oxford Circus; Regent's Park; Bond Street
Coordinates51°31′16.03″N 0°8′39.66″W / 51.5211194°N 0.1443500°W / 51.5211194; -0.1443500
East endGreat Portland Street
West endMarylebone High Street
Construction
Completion1770

History

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Map clipping of Marylebone from around 1770 with Weymouth Street outlined in yellow

The area of Marylebone in which Weymouth Street is located originally belonged to the Manor of Tyburn which existed at the time of the Domesday Book (1086).[2] Weymouth Street was first laid out and built up in the late 1770s and early 1780s in line with the development of Harley Street, Portland Place and Great Portland Street.[3] Approximately a century later, the street was partially rebuilt and modernised mainly with neoclassical architecture. At the beginning of the 1900s, following lease expiries, large mansion blocks were developed near the main intersections of the street.[4] During the London Blitz of 1940–41, the street was struck twice by high explosive bombs.[5] Some of the original 18th century buildings survive to this day, for example at 45-49 Weymouth Street.

Location

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Weymouth Street looking west towards Portland Place around 1905.

Weymouth Street lies in the Parish of St. Marylebone.[6] In administrative terms, the street lies within the City of Westminster's Marylebone High Street Ward as well as the Harley Street Conservation Area.[7] It is one of the four principal streets that cross eastern Marylebone and its renowned medical district in and around Harley Street.

Weymouth Street is part of a rectilinear grid and is crossed by Harley Street, Portland Place, and Hallam Street. The streets that join Weymouth Street on its north side are (east to west) Beaumont Mews, Beaumont Street, Upper Wimpole Street, and Devonshire Mews South. On its south side it is joined by Marylebone Street, Wesley Street, Westmoreland Street, Wimpole Street, Wimpole Mews, and Weymouth Mews.

Land ownership

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Almost all of Weymouth Street is now part of the Howard de Walden Estate. Its eastern edge by Great Portland Street is controlled by the Langham Estate (on land once also part of the Howard de Walden Estate).[8]

Character

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View east down Weymouth Street in 2010

The street is known for its medical establishments, most notably The Harley Street Clinic built in 1935. Over time, larger institutional and residential buildings replaced earlier Georgian terraces at its intersections with Marylebone High Street, Portland Place and Great Portland Street. In contrast, central sections of the street still "retain much of their former domestic scale and character."[9] The street was lined with trees in 2010 as part of a neighbourhood community and stakeholder-based greening initiative.[10]

Notable residents

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Marylebone extract from Charles Booth's 1889 London survey of the lives and occupations of area residents.

Notable residents who have lived on Weymouth Street include Edward Foley (1747–1803), MP, the second son of Lord Foley, of Foley House [11] Ernest Vaughan, 4th Earl of Lisburne (no 40), James Butler, 1st Marquess of Ormonde (no 14), the portraitist Mary Grace, the actress Mary Wells (actress) (no 12), Michael Faraday (no 18), the writer Jane Marcet (no 49), Queen Marie-Louise Coidavid of the Kingdom of Haiti - the first Black monarchy established in the Western world - (also no 49)[12] and psychoanalyst Dr Estelle Maud Cole, journalist and broadcaster Gilbert Harding, the entertainer Hughie Green and the pathologist Professor Keith Simpson (the latter four all lived at 1 Weymouth Street).[13]

Listed buildings

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22 Weymouth Street is Grade II listed

There are a large number of listed buildings in Weymouth Street, all of which are Grade II. 69 Portland Place and 115 Harley Street, both of which are on the corner with Weymouth Street, are both Grade II*. 22 Weymouth Street (1934) is notable for its combination of traditional and modernist architectural elements.[14] All of Weymouth Street lies within the Harley Street Conservation Area.[15]

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    Weymouth Street in 1905 looking east towards Great Portland Street.
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    Barbara Windsor, actress, with local residents plants the last of 53 trees[16] to be added to Weymouth Street in 2010.
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    Photograph looking west down Weymouth Street in 2010.
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    WCC Green Plaque unveiling for Professor Keith Simpson at 1 Weymouth Street in 2012
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    Weymouth Street views towards Marylebone High Street in 2009
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    Lord Mayor of Westminster speeches at 1 Weymouth Street in summer 2012
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Weymouth Street, London.

References

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  1. ^ Weymouth Street was named after Lady Elizabeth Bentinck, Viscountess Weymouth, daughter of William Bentinck, 2nd Duke of Portland, who owned this estate. Sources: Bebbington, Gillian (1972). London Street Names. BT Batsford & Fairfield, Sheila (1983). The Streets Of London: A Dictionary Of The Names And Their Origins. Papermac
  2. ^ Howard de Walden Estate (undated) The history of Marylebone: from rural manor to urban village, via pleasure gardens and Georgian developers Archived 2 September 2018 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 5 October 2016
  3. ^ The western end of Weymouth Street was initially called Bowling Green Lane. It was built on the site of the bowling green of the old Marylebone Gardens which was a popular attraction until the late 18th century.
  4. ^ Bartlett School of Architecture (2016 Draft) Chapter 15: Devonshire, Weymouth and New Cavendish Streets, Survey of London on South-East Marylebone, Vol. 51-2, pp.1-41.
  5. ^ Source: Air Raid Warden Post D2 (Borough of St Marylebone) located in the Royal Institute of British Architects on Weymouth Street and Portland Place. Records of the explosion noted on Bombsight (2013) Map of the London WW2 bomb census between 7/10/1940 and 06/06/1941 Archived 9 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 01/10/2016.
  6. ^ Weymouth Street runs to the East and end at Great Portland Street and with it Marylebone's boundary with Fitzrovia.
  7. ^ Westminster City Council (June 2008). "Marylebone Conservation Area Audit". Westminster City Council. Archived from the original on 5 March 2010. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
  8. ^ The Langham Estate (undated) The Langham Estate Overview Archived 6 September 2018 at the Wayback Machine Accessed 05/10/2016
  9. ^ The Bartlett School of Architecture (2016) Chapter 15: Devonshire, Weymouth and New Cavendish Streets, Survey of London on South-East Marylebone [Draft], Vol. 51-2, pp.1-41.
  10. ^ W1W Tree Planting Initiative (2010) Barbara Windsor completes the planting of new trees on Weymouth Street Archived 14 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine, 4 November 2010, accessed 1 October 2016
  11. ^ Lord Foley was cousin to Edward Harley, 2nd Earl of Oxford. Source: M. Todd (undated) Broadcasting House from the mid-18th century Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Accessed 08/10/2016
  12. ^ "Caribbean Queen gets London blue plaque". Voice Online. 7 February 2022. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  13. ^ Bartlett School of Architecture (2016) Survey of London on South-East Marylebone, Vol. 51-2, pp.2-4.
  14. ^ Historic England. "22, Weymouth Street (1393317)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 6 October 2016.
  15. ^ Westminster City Council (September 2007). "Harley Street Conservation Area Map" (PDF). Westminster City Council. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2010.
  16. ^ "Barbara Windsor completes the planting of new trees on Weymouth Street". WordPress.com. 4 November 2010. Retrieved 7 June 2019.
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