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Philip VI of France

The Truce of Calais was agreed by King Edward III of England and King Philip VI of France (depicted) on 28 September 1347. After ten years of war both countries were financially and militarily exhausted and Pope Clement VI brokered a truce, to run until 7 July 1348. The Black Death caused the truce to be renewed in 1348, 1349 and 1350. The truce effectively restricted fighting, but did not stop repeated naval clashes nor much fighting on a smaller scale. In 1351 the truce was renewed for one year but in January 1352 full-scale fighting broke out again. On 6 April 1354 a new truce and an outline of a permanent peace treaty were agreed as the Treaty of Guînes. However, King John II of France then decided on an ambitious series of offensives for the 1355 campaigning season and repudiated the treaty. Yet another extension to the Truce of Calais was agreed, until 24 June, when it finally expired. The war resumed in force in October 1355. (This article is part of a featured topic: Hundred Years' War, 1345–1347.)

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On this day

September 28

William the Conqueror

1066 – William the Conqueror (pictured) and his fleet of around 600 ships landed at Pevensey, Sussex, beginning the Norman conquest of England.
1924 – A team of U.S. Army Air Service aviators landed in Seattle, Washington, to complete the first aerial circumnavigation of the world.
1963 – Whaam!, now considered one of Roy Lichtenstein's most important works, debuted at an exhibition held at the Leo Castelli Gallery, New York City.
2006 – Typhoon Xangsane passed Manila on its way to causing more than 300 deaths, mostly in the Phillippines and Vietnam.
2012 – War in Somalia: Somali National Army forces and their AMISOM and Raskamboni allies launched an offensive against Al-Shabaab in the latter's last major stronghold of Kismayo.

Avery Brundage (b. 1887)
Louis Pasteur (d. 1895)
Aleksandra Goryachkina (b. 1998)

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Today's featured picture

$1 (original): First National Bank, Lebanon, Indiana
$2 (1875): First National Bank, Emporia, Kansas
$5 (1875): Vineland National Bank, Vineland, New Jersey

$10 (1875): First National Bank, Bismarck, North Dakota
$20 (1875): First National Bank, Butte, Montana
$50 (1875): First National Bank, Cleveland, Ohio

$100 (original): Raleigh National Bank, Raleigh, North Carolina
$500 (original): Appleton National Bank, Lowell, Massachusetts
$1000 (1875, proof): First National Bank, Salem, Massachusetts

National Bank Notes were United States banknotes issued by national banks chartered by the U.S. federal government. The banknotes were usually backed by bonds deposited by the bank with the United States Treasury. In addition, banks were required to maintain a redemption fund amounting to five percent of any outstanding note balance, in gold or "lawful money". The banknotes were not legal tender in general, but were satisfactory for nearly all payments to and by the federal government. They were retired as a currency type by the federal government in the 1930s, when United States currency was consolidated into Federal Reserve Notes, United States Notes, and silver certificates. These nine banknotes, in denominations from $1 to $1000, were issued by various banks across the country as part of either the original or the 1875 series of National Bank Notes.

Banknote design credit: Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and the Bureau of Engraving and Printing; scanned by Andrew Shiva

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