William MacGillivray FRSE (25 January 1796 – 4 September 1852) was a Scottish naturalist and ornithologist.
William MacGillivray | |
|---|---|
 William MacGillivray in middle age, probably in 1841 Collection of the University of Aberdeen | |
| Born | 25 January 1796 |
| Died | 4 September 1852 (aged 56) Aberdeen |
| Resting place | Edinburgh |
| Nationality | Scottish |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Ornithology |
| Institutions | University of Aberdeen |
Life and work
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MacGillivray was born in Old Aberdeen and brought up on Harris. He returned to Aberdeen where he studied Medicine at King's College, graduating MA in 1815.[1] In Old Aberdeen he lived at 107 High Street.[2]
He then became an assistant Dissector in the Anatomy classes. In 1823 he became assistant to Robert Jameson, the Regius Professor of Natural History at the University of Edinburgh. He was curator of the museum of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh from 1831, resigning in 1841 to become Regius Professor of Natural History at Marischal College, Aberdeen.
MacGillivray was a friend of American bird expert John James Audubon, and wrote a large part of Audubon's Ornithological Biographies from 1830 to 1839. Audubon named MacGillivray's warbler for him.
He died at 67 Crown Street[3] in Aberdeen on 5 September 1852 but is buried in New Calton Cemetery in Edinburgh.[4] The grave faces east onto the eastern path.
Family
editIn 1820 he married Marion Askill from Harris.[5] The couple had 10 children, two of whom died in infancy.[6]
Two of MacGillivray's sons achieved recognition as naturalists. His eldest son, John MacGillivray (1822–1867), published an account of the voyage round the world of HMS Rattlesnake, to which he was the onboard naturalist. Another son, Paul, published an Aberdeen Flora in 1853, and donated 214 of his father's paintings to the Natural History Museum.
Legacy
editA detailed version of MacGillivray's life, written by a namesake, was published 49 years after the ornithologist's death.[7]
MacGillivray correctly distinguished between the hooded crow and carrion crow, but they were considered only to be subspecies for the next one and a half centuries until, in 2002, on DNA evidence, the hooded crow was awarded species status.[8]
Works
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MacGillivray's works include:
- Lives of Eminent Zoologists from Aristotle to Linnaeus (1830)
- A Systematic Arrangement of British Plants (1830)
- The Travels and Researches of Alexander von Humboldt. (1832)
- A History of British Quadrupeds (1838)
- A Manual of Botany, Comprising Vegetable Anatomy and Physiology (1840)
- A History of the Molluscous Animals of Aberdeen, Banff and Kincardine (1843)
- A Manual of British Ornithology (1840–1842)
- A History of British Birds, indigenous and migratory, in five volumes (1837–1852)
- Natural History of Deeside and Braemar (1855), published posthumously
- A Hebridean Naturalist's Journal 1817-1818 (1996), published posthumously
- A Walk to London (1998), published posthumously
MacGillivray illustrated Henry Witham's 1833 The Internal Structure of Fossil Vegetables found in the Carboniferous and Oolitic deposits of Great Britain, and edited The Conchologist's Text-Book through several editions.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Waterston, Charles D; Macmillan Shearer, A (July 2006). Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783-2002: Biographical Index (PDF). Vol. I. Edinburgh: The Royal Society of Edinburgh. ISBN 978-0-902198-84-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 October 2006. Retrieved 31 December 2010.
- ^ Plaque in Old Aberdeen High Street
- ^ Aberdeen Post Office Directory 1852
- ^ Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002 (PDF). The Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006. ISBN 0-902-198-84-X.
- ^ Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002 (PDF). The Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006. ISBN 0-902-198-84-X.
- ^ James Macdonald Lockhart. Raptor: A Journey Through Birds. 4th Estate. p. 334.
- ^ MacGillivray , William. A Memorial Tribute to William MacGillivray. Privately published, 1901.
- ^ Newton, Ian (2010). The Migration Ecology of Birds. Academic Press. p. 648.
- ^ International Plant Names Index. W.MacGill.
External links
edit- . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.
- Biography at Natural History Museum
- MacGillivray art collection at Natural History Museum
- C. Michael Hogan (2009). Hooded Crow: Corvus cornix, GlobalTwitcher.com, ed, N. Stromberg
- William MacGillivray (1901). A memorial tribute to William MacGillivray, ornithologist, Edinburgh
- Works by William MacGillivray at Project Gutenberg
- Works by or about William MacGillivray at the Internet Archive
- Works by William MacGillivray at the Biodiversity Heritage Library
- Works by William MacGillivray at Open Library
- De Avibus Historiae: MacGillivray by Alberto Masi
