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Zhu Youyuan (Chinese: 朱祐杬; pinyin: Zhū Yòuyuán; 22 July 1476 – 13 July 1519), was a prince of the Ming dynasty of China. He was the fourth son of the Chenghua Emperor.
| Zhu Youyuan 朱祐杬 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||||||||||
| Prince of Xing | |||||||||||||
| Tenure | 30 July 1487 – 13 July 1519 | ||||||||||||
| Successor | Zhu Houcong | ||||||||||||
| Born | 22 July 1476 Chenghua 12, 2nd day of the 7th month (成化十二年七月初二日) | ||||||||||||
| Died | 13 July 1519 (aged 42) Zhengde 14, 17th day of the 6th month (正德十四年六月十七日) | ||||||||||||
| Burial | Xianling Mausoleum (in present-day Zhongxiang, Hubei) | ||||||||||||
| Consorts |
Empress Cixiaoxian
(m. 1492–1519) | ||||||||||||
| Issue |
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| House | Zhu | ||||||||||||
| Father | Chenghua Emperor | ||||||||||||
| Mother | Empress Xiaohui | ||||||||||||
Created Prince of Xing (興王), his fief was near today's Zhongxiang, in Hubei Province. He and his wife were posthumously honored by his son after he became the Jiajing Emperor in 1521.
Aftermath
editBurial place
editHis tomb originally was an ordinary prince's tomb which located at Songlin Mount (松林山), Zhongxiang, Hubei Province. The tomb was rebuilt in 1519, until 1521. His son the Jiajing Emperor enthroned, Jiajing against the ministers for his posthumously title. Later, he was posthumously honored as "Emperor Xingxian" (興獻帝), then his tomb rebuilt as emperor's style and renamed as "Xianling" (顯陵).
Worship imperial ancestral temple
editOriginally, ministers were against the Jiajing Emperor for worship imperial temple for Zhu Youyuan. Then, Jiajing had to set up another temple for him and named as "shimiao" (世廟), then renamed as "Temple of Emperor Xian" in 1536.[1] Two years later, the temple restyled as imperial ancestral temple, and Jiajing honored Zhu Youyuan with the temple name "Ruizong". At that time, Jiajing had relocated the temple with the Hongzhi Emperor's temple, because they were brothers.[2]
After the temple was rebuilt, Jiajing had veto for let Zhu Youyuan shared the same temple with Hongzhi,[3] and relocated the temple at the above of the Zhengde Emperor's temple.[4] At this point, Jiajing had finally posthumously honored Zhu Youyuan as emperor and finished the worship.
During the reigns of the Wanli and Tianqi emperors, ministers requested the removal of Zhu Youyuan's temple but were still vetoed.[5]
Zhu Youyuan's imperial made epitaph of Prince Xian of Xing
editThe original text:
王諱祐杬，乃憲宗純皇帝之第二子，母邵氏。成化十二年七月初二日生，成化二十三年七月十一日封為興王，弘治七年九月十八日之國湖廣安陸州，正德十四年六月十七日以疾薨，享年四十四歲。妃蔣氏，中兵馬指揮蔣斆之女。子一人，女二人。訃聞，上輟視朝三日，遣官賜祭，乃命有司治喪如制。慈壽皇太后、憲廟皇妃及文武衙門皆致祭焉。於正德十五年四月初三日，葬於松林山之原。嗚呼！惟王宗室至親，享有大國，仁厚恭慎，人無閒言，夫何一疾，遽至不起，豈非命耶！爰述其概，納諸幽宮，用垂不朽云。
Approximately translate:
The prince name Youyuan, was 2nd son (actually was 4th son) of Emperor Xianzong Chun (the Chenghua Emperor), his mother was Lady Shao (Empress Xiaohui). He was born on 2nd day, 7th month in 12th year of Chenghua's reign, bestowed as Prince of Xing 11th day, 7th month in 23rd year of Chenghua's reign, and took the fief as Prince on 18th day, 9th month of 7th year Hongzhi's reign, which was located at Anlu, Huguang, he died illness on 17th day, 6th month of 14th year of Zhengde's reign, when he was 44. His consort is Lady Jiang, who was daughter of Jiang Xiao, a military commander. They had a son and 2 daughters (living children). When the emperor got the obituaries, he has ceases pilgrimage for three days, send officers to granted worship.
Family
editConsorts and Issue:
- Empress Cixiaoxian, of the Jiang clan (慈孝獻皇后 蔣氏; d. 1538)
- Zhu Houxi, Prince Huai of Yue (岳懷王 朱厚熙; 7 July 1500 – 12 July 1500), first son
- Princess Changning (長寧公主; 26 November 1501 – 16 April 1504), first daughter
- Princess Yongfu (永福公主; 20 May 1506 – 20 June 1525), third daughter
- Married Wu Jinghe (鄔景和; 1508–1568) in 1523
- Zhu Houcong, the Jiajing Emperor (嘉靖帝 朱厚熜; 16 September 1507 – 23 January 1567), second son
- Princess Yongchun (永淳公主; 2 October 1511 – 1540), fourth daughter
- Married Xie Zhao (謝詔; 1512–1567) in 1527, and had issue (one son)
- Consort Wenjingshu, of the Wang clan (溫靜淑妃 王氏; d. 1532)
- Princess Shanhua (善化公主; 21 July 1503 – 15 May 1512), second daughter
Ancestry
edit| Hongxi Emperor (1378–1425) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Xuande Emperor (1399–1435) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Empress Chengxiaozhao (1379–1442) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Emperor Yingzong of Ming (1427–1464) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Sun Zhong (1368–1452) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Empress Xiaogongzhang (1399–1462) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Lady Dong | |||||||||||||||||||
| Chenghua Emperor (1447–1487) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Zhou Fushan | |||||||||||||||||||
| Zhou Neng | |||||||||||||||||||
| Lady Guo | |||||||||||||||||||
| Empress Xiaosu (1430–1504) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Lady Zhen | |||||||||||||||||||
| Zhu Youyuan (1476–1519) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Shao Shou | |||||||||||||||||||
| Shao Yi | |||||||||||||||||||
| Shao Lin | |||||||||||||||||||
| Lady Peng | |||||||||||||||||||
| Empress Xiaohui (d. 1522) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Lady Yang | |||||||||||||||||||
References
edit- ^ 四年四月，渊已授光禄寺署丞，复上书请立世室，崇祀皇考于太庙，礼部尚书席书等议：“天子七庙，周文、武并有功德，故立文、武世室于三昭穆之上。献皇帝追称帝号，未为天子。渊妄为谀词，乞寝其奏。”帝令再议，书等言：“将置主于武宗上。则武宗君也，分不可僭。置武宗下，则献皇叔也，神终未安。”时廷臣于称考称伯，异同相半，至议祔庙，无一人以为可者。学士张璁、桂萼亦皆以为不可，书复密疏争之。帝不听，复令会议。乃准汉宣故事，于皇城内立一祢庙，如文华殿制。笾豆乐舞，一用天子礼。帝亲定其名曰世庙。五年七月，谕工部以观德殿窄隘，欲别建于奉天殿左。尚书赵璜谓不可，不听。乃建于奉先之东，曰崇先殿。十三年，命易承天家庙曰隆庆殿。十五年，以避渠道，迁世庙，更号曰献皇帝庙，遂改旧世庙曰景神殿，寝殿曰永孝殿。（《明史》卷五十二）
- ^ 十七年，以丰坊请，称宗以配明堂。礼官不敢违，集议者久之，言：“古者父子异昭穆，兄弟同世数。故殷有四君一世而同庙，宋太祖、太宗同居昭位。今皇考与孝宗当同一庙。”遂奉献皇帝祔太庙。（《明史》卷五十二）
- ^ 二十二年，更新太庙，廷议睿宗、孝宗并居一庙，同为昭。帝责诸臣不竭忠任事，寝其议。（《明史》卷五十二）
- ^ 明史·志第二十七 禮五
- ^ 隆慶六年八月，穆宗將祔廟，敕禮臣議當祧廟室。禮科陸樹德言：“宣宗于穆宗僅五世，請仍祔睿宗于世廟，而宣宗勿祧。”疏下禮部，部議宣宗世次尚近，祧之未安。因言：“古者以一世為一廟，非以一君為一世，故晉之廟十一室而六世，唐之廟十一室而九世。宋自太祖上追四祖至徽宗，始定為九世十一室之制，以太祖、太宗同為一世故也。其后徽宗祔以与哲宗同一世，高宗祔以与欽宗同一世，皆無所祧，及光宗升祔，增為九世十二室。今自宣宗至穆宗凡六世，上合二祖僅八世，准以宋制，可以無祧，但于寢殿左右各增一室，則尊祖敬宗，并行不悖矣。”帝命如舊敕行，遂祧宣宗。天啟元年七月，光宗將祔廟。太常卿洪文衡請無祧憲宗，而祧睿宗。不听。（《明史》卷五十一）