Φάρος

See also: φάρος and φᾶρος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Uncertain. In one proposed etymology the Ancient Greek name comes from the (unattested) Egyptian name for the island, corresponding to Coptic ⲫⲁⲣⲉϩ (phareh, “the guard”) = ⲫ- (ph-, “the”) +‎ ⲁⲣⲉϩ (areh, “guard”);

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰá.ros/ → /ˈɸa.ros/ → /ˈfa.ros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰá.ros/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpʰa.ros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɸa.ros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈfa.ros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈfa.ros/

Proper noun

Φᾰ́ρος • (Pháros) f (genitive Φᾰ́ρου); second declension

1. Pharos (a former island off Alexandria, Egypt)

Inflection

Second declension of ἡ Φᾰ́ρος; τῆς Φᾰ́ρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ἡ Φᾰ́ρος hē Pháros
Genitive	τῆς Φᾰ́ρου tês Phárou
Dative	τῇ Φᾰ́ρῳ têi Phárōi
Accusative	τὴν Φᾰ́ρον tḕn Pháron
Vocative	Φᾰ́ρε Pháre
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Proper noun

Φάρος • (Pháros) m

1. The Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

Descendants

• Greek: φάρος (fáros)
• → Arabic: فاروس
• → Armenian: Փարոս (Pʻaros), փարոս (pʻaros)
• → English: Pharos
• → French: Phare
• → Hebrew: פארוס
• → Latin: Pharus, Pharos, pharus
  • Italian: faro
  • Old French:
    • French: phare
      • → Bulgarian: фар (far)
      • → English: phare
      • → Khmer: ហ្វារ (faa)
      • → Luxembourgish: Phar
      • → Macedonian: фар (far)
      • → Moore: faare
      • → Romanian: far
      • → Russian: фара (fara)
        • → Crimean Tatar: fara
      • → Turkish: far
      • → Vietnamese: pha
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: faru
  • Old Occitan:
    • Catalan: far
  • Old Galician-Portuguese:
    • Galician: faro
    • Portuguese: faro, farol
  • Old Spanish:
    • Spanish: faro, farol
      • → Bikol Central: parol
      • → Cebuano: parol
      • → English: farol
      • → Tagalog: parol
        • → English: parol
  • → Albanian: far
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Latin script: Hvar

  Cyrillic script: Хвар

  • → English: Hvar

Further reading

• “Φάρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Φάρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “Φάρος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[3], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,021