εὐώνυμος

Ancient Greek

FWOTD – 13 May 2022

Etymology

From εὐ- (eu-, “well”) +‎ ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”). Euphemistically refers to "left" because bad omens came from the left side.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /eu̯.ɔ̌ː.ny.mos/ → /eˈβo.ny.mos/ → /eˈvo.ni.mos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /eu̯.ɔ̌ː.ny.mos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /eˈwo.ny.mos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /eˈβo.ny.mos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /eˈvo.ny.mos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /eˈvo.ni.mos/

Adjective

εὐώνῠμος • (euṓnumos) m or f (neuter εὐώνῠμον); second declension

1. of good name, honored
2. having an auspicious name; fortunate, prosperous
3. (euphemistic)
   1. on the left side
      • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, A. 1.15:

        ἐτάχθησαν οὖν ἐπὶ τεττάρων· εἶχε δὲ τὸ μὲν δεξιὸν Μένων καὶ οἱ σὺν αὐτῷ, τὸ δὲ εὐώνυμον Κλέαρχος καὶ οἱ ἐκείνου, τὸ δὲ μέσον οἱ ἄλλοι στρατηγοί.

        etákhthēsan oûn epì tettárōn; eîkhe dè tò mèn dexiòn Ménōn kaì hoi sùn autôi, tò dè euṓnumon Kléarkhos kaì hoi ekeínou, tò dè méson hoi álloi stratēgoí.

        So they formed the line four deep: Menon and his troops held the right wing, Clearchus and his troops the left, and the other generals the middle.

   2. ominous, ill-boding

      Synonym: ἀριστερός (aristerós)

      Antonym: δεξιός (dexiós)

4. (astronomy) southern, southerly

Inflection

Second declension of εὐώνῠμος; εὐώνῠμον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		εὐώνῠμος euṓnumos	εὐώνῠμον euṓnumon		εὐωνῠ́μω euōnúmō	εὐωνῠ́μω euōnúmō		εὐώνῠμοι euṓnumoi	εὐώνῠμᾰ euṓnuma
Genitive		εὐωνῠ́μου euōnúmou	εὐωνῠ́μου euōnúmou		εὐωνῠ́μοιν euōnúmoin	εὐωνῠ́μοιν euōnúmoin		εὐωνῠ́μων euōnúmōn	εὐωνῠ́μων euōnúmōn
Dative		εὐωνῠ́μῳ euōnúmōi	εὐωνῠ́μῳ euōnúmōi		εὐωνῠ́μοιν euōnúmoin	εὐωνῠ́μοιν euōnúmoin		εὐωνῠ́μοις euōnúmois	εὐωνῠ́μοις euōnúmois
Accusative		εὐώνῠμον euṓnumon	εὐώνῠμον euṓnumon		εὐωνῠ́μω euōnúmō	εὐωνῠ́μω euōnúmō		εὐωνῠ́μους euōnúmous	εὐώνῠμᾰ euṓnuma
Vocative		εὐώνῠμε euṓnume	εὐώνῠμον euṓnumon		εὐωνῠ́μω euōnúmō	εὐωνῠ́μω euōnúmō		εὐώνῠμοι euṓnumoi	εὐώνῠμᾰ euṓnuma
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		εὐωνῠ́μως euōnúmōs			εὐωνῠμώτερος euōnumṓteros			εὐωνῠμώτᾰτος euōnumṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Noun

εὐώνῠμος • (euṓnumos) f (genitive εὐωνῠ́μου); second declension

1. spindle tree (Euonymus europaeus)

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ εὐώνῠμος; τοῦ εὐωνῠ́μου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ εὐώνῠμος ho euṓnumos	τὼ εὐωνῠ́μω tṑ euōnúmō	οἱ εὐώνῠμοι hoi euṓnumoi
Genitive	τοῦ εὐωνῠ́μου toû euōnúmou	τοῖν εὐωνῠ́μοιν toîn euōnúmoin	τῶν εὐωνῠ́μων tôn euōnúmōn
Dative	τῷ εὐωνῠ́μῳ tôi euōnúmōi	τοῖν εὐωνῠ́μοιν toîn euōnúmoin	τοῖς εὐωνῠ́μοις toîs euōnúmois
Accusative	τὸν εὐώνῠμον tòn euṓnumon	τὼ εὐωνῠ́μω tṑ euōnúmō	τοὺς εὐωνῠ́μους toùs euōnúmous
Vocative	εὐώνῠμε euṓnume	εὐωνῠ́μω euōnúmō	εὐώνῠμοι euṓnumoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Translingual: Euonymus

References

• “εὐώνυμος (A)”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “εὐώνυμος (B)”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “εὐώνυμος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• εὐώνυμος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “εὐώνυμος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G2176 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • ill-omened idem, page 416.
  • inauspicious idem, page 427.
  • left idem, page 484.
  • sinister idem, page 779.
  • unfavourable idem, page 918.
  • unlucky idem, page 924.
  • unpropitious idem, page 928.