θάλλω
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-European *dʰelh₁-. Cognates include Albanian dal (“to sprout”), Old Armenian դալար (dalar, “verdant; verdure, herb, grass”), դեղ (deł, “herb, medicine, poison, amulet, perfume, dye, kindling”), Middle Irish duille (“leaf”), Welsh dalen (“leaf”), deillio (“to emanate, derive”), Breton delienn (“leaf”).
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /tʰál.lɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈtʰal.lo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈθal.lo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈθal.lo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈθa.lo/
Verb
editθάλλω • (thállō)
Inflection
edit Present: θᾰ́λλω, θᾰ́λλομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔθαλλον | ἔθαλλες | ἔθαλλε(ν) | ἐθάλλετον | ἐθαλλέτην | ἐθάλλομεν | ἐθάλλετε | ἔθαλλον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐθαλλόμην | ἐθάλλου | ἐθάλλετο | ἐθάλλεσθον | ἐθαλλέσθην | ἐθαλλόμεθᾰ | ἐθάλλεσθε | ἐθάλλοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: θαλήσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
passive | indicative | θαλήσομαι | θαλήσῃ | θαλήσεται | θαλήσεσθον | θαλήσεσθον | θαλησόμεθᾰ | θαλήσεσθε | θαλήσονται | ||||
optative | θαλησοίμην | θαλήσοιο | θαλήσοιτο | θαλήσοισθον | θαλησοίσθην | θαλησοίμεθᾰ | θαλήσοισθε | θαλήσοιντο | |||||
passive | |||||||||||||
infinitive | θαλήσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | θαλησόμενος | |||||||||||
f | θαλησομένη | ||||||||||||
n | θαλησόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔθηλᾰ | ἔθηλᾰς | ἔθηλε(ν) | ἐθήλᾰτον | ἐθηλᾰ́την | ἐθήλᾰμεν | ἐθήλᾰτε | ἔθηλᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | θήλω | θήλῃς | θήλῃ | θήλητον | θήλητον | θήλωμεν | θήλητε | θήλωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | θήλαιμῐ | θήλειᾰς, θήλαις |
θήλειε(ν), θήλαι |
θήλαιτον | θηλαίτην | θήλαιμεν | θήλαιτε | θήλειᾰν, θήλαιεν | |||||
imperative | θῆλον | θηλᾰ́τω | θήλᾰτον | θηλᾰ́των | θήλᾰτε | θηλᾰ́ντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ἐθηλᾰ́μην | ἐθήλω | ἐθήλᾰτο | ἐθήλᾰσθον | ἐθηλᾰ́σθην | ἐθηλᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐθήλᾰσθε | ἐθήλᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | θήλωμαι | θήλῃ | θήληται | θήλησθον | θήλησθον | θηλώμεθᾰ | θήλησθε | θήλωνται | |||||
optative | θηλαίμην | θήλαιο | θήλαιτο | θήλαισθον | θηλαίσθην | θηλαίμεθᾰ | θήλαισθε | θήλαιντο | |||||
imperative | θῆλαι | θηλᾰ́σθω | θήλᾰσθον | θηλᾰ́σθων | θήλᾰσθε | θηλᾰ́σθων | |||||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | θῆλαι | θήλᾰσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | θήλᾱς | θηλᾰ́μενος | ||||||||||
f | θήλᾱσᾰ | θηλᾰμένη | |||||||||||
n | θῆλᾰν | θηλᾰ́μενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔθαλον | ἔθαλες | ἔθαλε(ν) | ἐθάλετον | ἐθαλέτην | ἐθάλομεν | ἐθάλετε | ἔθαλον | ||||
subjunctive | θάλω | θάλῃς | θάλῃ | θάλητον | θάλητον | θάλωμεν | θάλητε | θάλωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | θάλοιμῐ | θάλοις | θάλοι | θάλοιτον | θαλοίτην | θάλοιμεν | θάλοιτε | θάλοιεν | |||||
imperative | θᾶλε | θαλέτω | θάλετον | θαλέτων | θάλετε | θαλόντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ἐθαλόμην | ἐθάλου | ἐθάλετο | ἐθάλεσθον | ἐθαλέσθην | ἐθαλόμεθᾰ | ἐθάλεσθε | ἐθάλοντο | ||||
subjunctive | θάλωμαι | θάλῃ | θάληται | θάλησθον | θάλησθον | θαλώμεθᾰ | θάλησθε | θάλωνται | |||||
optative | θαλοίμην | θάλοιο | θάλοιτο | θάλοισθον | θαλοίσθην | θαλοίμεθᾰ | θάλοισθε | θάλοιντο | |||||
imperative | θαλοῦ | θαλέσθω | θάλεσθον | θαλέσθων | θάλεσθε | θαλέσθων | |||||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | θαλεῖν | θαλέσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | θαλών | θαλόμενος | ||||||||||
f | θαλοῦσᾰ | θαλομένη | |||||||||||
n | θαλόν | θαλόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Perfect: τέθηλᾰ
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | τέθηλᾰ | τέθηλᾰς | τέθηλε(ν) | τεθήλᾰτον | τεθήλᾰτον | τεθήλᾰμεν | τεθήλᾰτε | τεθήλᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | τεθήλω | τεθήλῃς | τεθήλῃ | τεθήλητον | τεθήλητον | τεθήλωμεν | τεθήλητε | τεθήλωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | τεθήλοιμῐ, τεθηλοίην |
τεθήλοις, τεθηλοίης |
τεθήλοι, τεθηλοίη |
τεθήλοιτον | τεθηλοίτην | τεθήλοιμεν | τεθήλοιτε | τεθήλοιεν | |||||
imperative | τέθηλε | τεθηλέτω | τεθήλετον | τεθηλέτων | τεθήλετε | τεθηλόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | τεθηλέναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | τεθηλώς | |||||||||||
f | τεθηλυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | τεθηλός | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | τέθᾱλᾰ | τέθᾱλᾰς | τέθᾱλε(ν) | τεθᾱ́λᾰτον | τεθᾱ́λᾰτον | τεθᾱ́λᾰμεν | τεθᾱ́λᾰτε | τεθᾱ́λᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | τεθᾱ́λω | τεθᾱ́λῃς | τεθᾱ́λῃ | τεθᾱ́λητον | τεθᾱ́λητον | τεθᾱ́λωμεν | τεθᾱ́λητε | τεθᾱ́λωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | τεθᾱ́λοιμῐ, τεθᾱλοίην |
τεθᾱ́λοις, τεθᾱλοίης |
τεθᾱ́λοι, τεθᾱλοίη |
τεθᾱ́λοιτον | τεθᾱλοίτην | τεθᾱ́λοιμεν | τεθᾱ́λοιτε | τεθᾱ́λοιεν | |||||
imperative | τέθᾱλε | τεθᾱλέτω | τεθᾱ́λετον | τεθᾱλέτων | τεθᾱ́λετε | τεθᾱλόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | τεθᾱλέναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | τεθᾱλώς | |||||||||||
f | τεθᾱλυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | τεθᾱλός | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Pluperfect: ἐτεθήλειν
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐτεθήλειν, ἐτεθήλη |
ἐτεθήλεις, ἐτεθήλης |
ἐτεθήλει(ν) | ἐτεθήλετον | ἐτεθηλέτην | ἐτεθήλεμεν | ἐτεθήλετε | ἐτεθήλεσᾰν | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editDescendants
edit- Greek: θάλλω (thállo, “to bloom”)
Further reading
edit- “θάλλω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “θάλλω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “θάλλω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- θάλλω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- θάλλω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “θάλλω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
Greek
editPronunciation
editVerb
editθάλλω • (thállo) (past έθαλα, passive —) found chiefly in the present and imperfect tenses
- to bloom, flower
- (figuratively) to flourish
Conjugation
editθάλλω (active voice only)
Active voice ➤ | ||||
Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | ||
Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | ||
1 sg | θάλλω | θάλω | ||
2 sg | θάλλεις | θάλεις | ||
3 sg | θάλλει | θάλει | ||
1 pl | θάλλουμε, [‑ομε] | θάλουμε, [‑ομε] | ||
2 pl | θάλλετε | θάλετε | ||
3 pl | θάλλουν(ε) | θάλουν(ε) | ||
Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | ||
1 sg | έθαλλα | έθαλα | ||
2 sg | έθαλλες | έθαλες | ||
3 sg | έθαλλε | έθαλε | ||
1 pl | θάλλαμε | θάλαμε | ||
2 pl | θάλλατε | θάλατε | ||
3 pl | έθαλλαν, θάλλαν(ε) | έθαλαν, θάλαν(ε) | ||
Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | ||
1 sg | θα θάλλω ➤ | θα θάλω ➤ | ||
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα θάλλεις, … | θα θάλεις, … | ||
Perfect aspect ➤ | ||||
Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … θάλει | |||
Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … θάλει | |||
Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … θάλει | |||
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | ||
2 sg | (θάλλε) | (θάλε) | ||
2 pl | θάλλετε | θάλετε | ||
Other forms | ||||
Active present participle ➤ | θάλλοντας ➤ | |||
Active perfect participle ➤ | έχοντας θάλει ➤ | |||
Passive perfect participle ➤ | — | |||
Nonfinite form ➤ | θάλει | |||
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
• (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
Derived terms
edit- αναθάλλω (anathállo, “to bloom again”)
Further reading
edit- θάλλω, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek verbs
- Greek verb conjugation group 'θάλλω'
- Greek verbs lacking passive forms