θυμίαμα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• θῡμῐ́ημᾰ (thūmíēma) — Ionic

Etymology

From θῡμῐᾰ́ω (thūmiáō, “to burn”) +‎ -μᾰ (-ma).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /tʰyː.mí.aː.ma/ → /θyˈmi.a.ma/ → /θiˈmi.a.ma/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tʰyː.mí.aː.ma/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /tʰyˈmi.a.ma/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /θyˈmi.a.ma/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /θyˈmi.a.ma/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /θiˈmi.a.ma/

Noun

θῡμῐ́ᾱμᾰ • (thūmíāma) f (genitive θῡμῐᾱ́μᾰτος); third declension

1. that which is burnt as incense or fumigation
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.198
   • Amphis Odysseus.1.5
   1. (mostly in plural) fragrant stuffs for burning, incense
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.130
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.54
      • 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 4
      • 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 1716
   2. stuff for embalming
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.86
      • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.71

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ θῡμῐ́ᾱμᾰ; τοῦ θῡμῐᾱ́μᾰτος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ θῡμῐ́ᾱμᾰ tò thūmíāma	τὼ θῡμῐᾱ́μᾰτε tṑ thūmiā́mate	τᾰ̀ θῡμῐᾱ́μᾰτᾰ tà thūmiā́mata
Genitive	τοῦ θῡμῐᾱ́μᾰτος toû thūmiā́matos	τοῖν θῡμῐᾱμᾰ́τοιν toîn thūmiāmátoin	τῶν θῡμῐᾱμᾰ́των tôn thūmiāmátōn
Dative	τῷ θῡμῐᾱ́μᾰτῐ tôi thūmiā́mati	τοῖν θῡμῐᾱμᾰ́τοιν toîn thūmiāmátoin	τοῖς θῡμῐᾱ́μᾰσῐ / θῡμῐᾱ́μᾰσῐν toîs thūmiā́masi(n)
Accusative	τὸ θῡμῐ́ᾱμᾰ tò thūmíāma	τὼ θῡμῐᾱ́μᾰτε tṑ thūmiā́mate	τᾰ̀ θῡμῐᾱ́μᾰτᾰ tà thūmiā́mata
Vocative	θῡμῐ́ᾱμᾰ thūmíāma	θῡμῐᾱ́μᾰτε thūmiā́mate	θῡμῐᾱ́μᾰτᾰ thūmiā́mata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: θυμίαμα (thymíama)
  • → Aromanian: timnjamã
• → Gothic: 𐌸𐍅𐌼𐌹𐌰𐌼𐌰 (þwmiama)
• → Latin: thȳmiāma
  • ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *thȳmānea
    • Catalan: tomaní
    • Megleno-Romanian: tămǫnă
    • Old French: timoine
    • Romanian: tămâie
    • Sardinian: timagna, timanza, timonza
  • → Middle High German: thymiāme, thimiān
    • German: Thymian (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• “θυμίαμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “θυμίαμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• θυμίαμα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• G2368 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Greek

Alternative forms

• θυμιάμα n (thymiáma)

Etymology

From Ancient Greek θυμίαμα (thumíama).

Noun

θυμίαμα • (thymíama) n (plural θυμιάματα)

1. incense resin
2. incense fumes

Declension

Declension of θυμίαμα

	singular	plural
nominative	θυμίαμα (thymíama)	θυμιάματα (thymiámata)
genitive	θυμιάματος (thymiámatos)	θυμιαμάτων (thymiamáton)
accusative	θυμίαμα (thymíama)	θυμιάματα (thymiámata)
vocative	θυμίαμα (thymíama)	θυμιάματα (thymiámata)

Related terms

• θυμιατό n (thymiató, “incense burner, censer, thurible”)
• θυμιατίζω (thymiatízo, “to incense, to burn incense”)

Descendants

• → Aromanian: timnjamã