πίπτω
Ancient Greek
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Hellenic *píptō, from Proto-Indo-European *pípth₂-, reduplicated present from *peth₂- (“to fall; to fly”).[1]
For an unknown reason, the iota is long, as is apparent from the imperative πῖπτε (not **πῐ́πτε). Cognate with Sanskrit पापतीति (pā́patīti).
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pǐːp.tɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈpip.to/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈpip.to/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈpip.to/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈpip.to/
Verb
editπῑ́πτω • (pī́ptō)
Inflection
edit Present: πῑ́πτω
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | πῑ́πτω | πῑ́πτεις | πῑ́πτει | πῑ́πτετον | πῑ́πτετον | πῑ́πτομεν | πῑ́πτετε | πῑ́πτουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | πῑ́πτω | πῑ́πτῃς | πῑ́πτῃ | πῑ́πτητον | πῑ́πτητον | πῑ́πτωμεν | πῑ́πτητε | πῑ́πτωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | πῑ́πτοιμῐ | πῑ́πτοις | πῑ́πτοι | πῑ́πτοιτον | πῑπτοίτην | πῑ́πτοιμεν | πῑ́πτοιτε | πῑ́πτοιεν | |||||
imperative | πῖπτε | πῑπτέτω | πῑ́πτετον | πῑπτέτων | πῑ́πτετε | πῑπτόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | πῑ́πτειν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | πῑ́πτων | |||||||||||
f | πῑ́πτουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | πῖπτον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Imperfect: ἔπῑπτον
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔπῑπτον | ἔπῑπτες | ἔπῑπτε(ν) | ἐπῑ́πτετον | ἐπῑπτέτην | ἐπῑ́πτομεν | ἐπῑ́πτετε | ἔπῑπτον | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | πῖπτον | πῖπτες | πῖπτε(ν) | πῑ́πτετον | πῑπτέτην | πῑ́πτομεν | πῑ́πτετε | πῖπτον | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: πεσέομαι (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | πεσέομαι | πεσέῃ, πεσέει |
πεσέεται | πεσέεσθον | πεσέεσθον | πεσεόμεθᾰ | πεσέεσθε | πεσέονται | ||||
optative | πεσεοίμην | πεσέοιο | πεσέοιτο | πεσέοισθον | πεσεοίσθην | πεσεοίμεθᾰ | πεσέοισθε | πεσέοιντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | πεσέεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | πεσεόμενος | |||||||||||
f | πεσεομένη | ||||||||||||
n | πεσεόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: πεσοῦμαι (Contracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | πεσοῦμαι | πεσῇ | πεσεῖται | πεσεῖσθον | πεσεῖσθον | πεσούμεθᾰ | πεσεῖσθε | πεσοῦνται | ||||
optative | πεσοίμην | πεσοῖο | πεσοῖτο | πεσοῖσθον | πεσοίσθην | πεσοίμεθᾰ | πεσοῖσθε | πεσοῖντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | πεσεῖσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | πεσούμενος | |||||||||||
f | πεσουμένη | ||||||||||||
n | πεσούμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Aorist: ἔπεσον
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔπεσον | ἔπεσες | ἔπεσε(ν) | ἐπέσετον | ἐπεσέτην | ἐπέσομεν | ἐπέσετε | ἔπεσον | ||||
subjunctive | πέσω | πέσῃς | πέσῃ | πέσητον | πέσητον | πέσωμεν | πέσητε | πέσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | πέσοιμῐ | πέσοις | πέσοι | πέσοιτον | πεσοίτην | πέσοιμεν | πέσοιτε | πέσοιεν | |||||
imperative | πέσε | πεσέτω | πέσετον | πεσέτων | πέσετε | πεσόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | πεσεῖν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | πεσών | |||||||||||
f | πεσοῦσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | πεσόν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | πέσον | πέσες | πέσε(ν) | πέσετον | πεσέτην | πέσομεν | πέσετε | πέσον | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔπετον | ἔπετες | ἔπετε(ν) | ἐπέτετον | ἐπετέτην | ἐπέτομεν | ἐπέτετε | ἔπετον | ||||
subjunctive | πέτω | πέτῃς | πέτῃ | πέτητον | πέτητον | πέτωμεν | πέτητε | πέτωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | πέτοιμῐ | πέτοις | πέτοι | πέτοιτον | πετοίτην | πέτοιμεν | πέτοιτε | πέτοιεν | |||||
imperative | πέτε | πετέτω | πέτετον | πετέτων | πέτετε | πετόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | πετεῖν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | πετών | |||||||||||
f | πετοῦσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | πετόν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Perfect: πέπτωκᾰ
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | πέπτωκᾰ | πέπτωκᾰς | πέπτωκε(ν) | πεπτώκᾰτον | πεπτώκᾰτον | πεπτώκᾰμεν | πεπτώκᾰτε | πεπτώκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | πεπτώκω | πεπτώκῃς | πεπτώκῃ | πεπτώκητον | πεπτώκητον | πεπτώκωμεν | πεπτώκητε | πεπτώκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | πεπτώκοιμῐ, πεπτωκοίην |
πεπτώκοις, πεπτωκοίης |
πεπτώκοι, πεπτωκοίη |
πεπτώκοιτον | πεπτωκοίτην | πεπτώκοιμεν | πεπτώκοιτε | πεπτώκοιεν | |||||
imperative | πέπτωκε | πεπτωκέτω | πεπτώκετον | πεπτωκέτων | πεπτώκετε | πεπτωκόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | πεπτωκέναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | πεπτωκώς, πεπτεώς, πεπτηώς |
|||||||||||
f | πεπτωκυῖᾰ, πεπτευῖᾰ, πεπτηυῖᾰ |
||||||||||||
n | πεπτωκός, πεπτεός, πεπτηός |
||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Pluperfect: ἐπεπτώκειν
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐπεπτώκειν, ἐπεπτώκη |
ἐπεπτώκεις, ἐπεπτώκης |
ἐπεπτώκει(ν) | ἐπεπτώκετον | ἐπεπτωκέτην | ἐπεπτώκεμεν | ἐπεπτώκετε | ἐπεπτώκεσᾰν | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
edit- ἀναπίπτω (anapíptō)
- ἐκπῑ́πτω (ekpī́ptō)
- ἐμπῑ́πτω (empī́ptō)
- καταπῑ́πτω (katapī́ptō)
- περιπῑ́πτω (peripī́ptō)
- πτῶμα (ptôma)
- πτῶσῐς (ptôsis)
Descendants
edit- Greek: πέφτω (péfto)
References
edit- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πῑ́πτω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1195-6
Further reading
edit- “πίπτω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “πίπτω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “πίπτω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- πίπτω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- πίπτω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “πίπτω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G4098 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- πίπτω in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peth₂-
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms