σκάζω
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Hellenic *skəďďō, from Proto-Indo-European *skn̥g-yéti, from *(s)keng- (“to limp, hobble”).[1] Cognate with Sanskrit खञ्जति (khañjati, “to limp”) and Old English hincian.
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /skáz.dɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈska.zo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈska.zo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈska.zo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈska.zo/
Verb
editσκάζω • (skázō)
- to limp
Conjugation
edit Present: σκᾰ́ζω
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | σκᾰ́ζω | σκᾰ́ζεις | σκᾰ́ζει | σκᾰ́ζετον | σκᾰ́ζετον | σκᾰ́ζομεν | σκᾰ́ζετε | σκᾰ́ζουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | σκᾰ́ζω | σκᾰ́ζῃς | σκᾰ́ζῃ | σκᾰ́ζητον | σκᾰ́ζητον | σκᾰ́ζωμεν | σκᾰ́ζητε | σκᾰ́ζωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | σκᾰ́ζοιμῐ | σκᾰ́ζοις | σκᾰ́ζοι | σκᾰ́ζοιτον | σκᾰζοίτην | σκᾰ́ζοιμεν | σκᾰ́ζοιτε | σκᾰ́ζοιεν | |||||
imperative | σκᾰ́ζε | σκᾰζέτω | σκᾰ́ζετον | σκᾰζέτων | σκᾰ́ζετε | σκᾰζόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | σκᾰ́ζειν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | σκᾰ́ζων | |||||||||||
f | σκᾰ́ζουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | σκᾰ́ζον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Imperfect: ἔσκᾰζον
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔσκᾰζον | ἔσκᾰζες | ἔσκᾰζε(ν) | ἐσκᾰ́ζετον | ἐσκᾰζέτην | ἐσκᾰ́ζομεν | ἐσκᾰ́ζετε | ἔσκᾰζον | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Descendants
editReferences
edit- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σκάζω [v.]”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1338
Further reading
edit- “σκάζω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- σκάζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- σκάζω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “σκάζω”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
- “σκάζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Greek
editEtymology
editInherited from Byzantine Greek σκάζω (skázō), from Ancient Greek σχάζω (skházō), σχάω (skháō) with [sx] > [sk]. See σκάω (skáo). From Proto-Indo-European *(s)keng-.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editσκάζω • (skázo) (imperfect έσκαζα, past έσκασα, passive —, ppp σκασμένος)
- to burst, explode, alternative form of σκάω (skáo)
- σκάζει η βόμβα ― skázei i vómva ― the bomb explodes
- Έχει σκάσει το λάστιχο του αυτοκινήτου.
- Échei skásei to lásticho tou aftokinítou.
- The car's tyre has burst.
Conjugation
editσκάζω (active forms only plus passive perfect participle)
Active voice ➤ | ||||
Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | ||
Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | ||
1 sg | σκάζω (σκάω →) | σκάσω1 | ||
2 sg | σκάζεις | σκάσεις | ||
3 sg | σκάζει | σκάσει | ||
1 pl | σκάζουμε, [‑ομε] | σκάσουμε, [‑ομε] | ||
2 pl | σκάζετε | σκάσετε | ||
3 pl | σκάζουν(ε) | σκάσουν(ε) | ||
Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | ||
1 sg | έσκαζα (→ έσκαγα) | έσκασα1 | ||
2 sg | έσκαζες | έσκασες | ||
3 sg | έσκαζε | έσκασε | ||
1 pl | σκάζαμε | σκάσαμε | ||
2 pl | σκάζατε | σκάσατε | ||
3 pl | έσκαζαν, σκάζαν(ε) | έσκασαν, σκάσαν(ε) | ||
Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | ||
1 sg | θα σκάζω ➤ | θα σκάσω ➤ | ||
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα σκάζεις, … | θα σκάσεις, … | ||
Perfect aspect ➤ | ||||
Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … σκάσει έχω, έχεις, … σκασμένο, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ |
είμαι, είσαι, … σκασμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ (also passive voice) | ||
Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … σκάσει είχα, είχες, … σκασμένο, ‑η, ‑ο |
ήμουν, ήσουν, … σκασμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … σκάσει θα έχω, θα έχεις, … σκασμένο, ‑η, ‑ο |
θα είμαι, θα είσαι, … σκασμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | ||
2 sg | σκάζε | σκάσε | ||
2 pl | σκάζετε | σκάστε | ||
Other forms | ||||
Active present participle ➤ | σκάζοντας ➤ | |||
Active perfect participle ➤ | έχοντας σκάσει ➤ | |||
Passive perfect participle ➤ | σκασμένος, -η, -ο1 ➤ | |||
Nonfinite form ➤ | σκάσει | |||
Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
1. Shared forms with σκάω. • (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
Derived terms
edit- see: σκάω (skáo)
References
edit- σκάω, σκάζω, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)keng-
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)keng-
- Greek terms inherited from Byzantine Greek
- Greek terms derived from Byzantine Greek
- Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek verbs
- Greek terms with usage examples
- Greek verbs conjugating like 'καθίζω'
- Greek verbs lacking passive forms