τάρφος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Unknown. Usually derived from τρέφω (tréphō, “to feed”) but the development is irregular and the semantics are not compelling.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /tár.pʰos/ → /ˈtar.ɸos/ → /ˈtar.fos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tár.pʰos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈtar.pʰos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈtar.ɸos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈtar.fos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈtar.fos/

Noun

τάρφος • (tárphos) n (genitive τάρφεος); third declension

1. thicket, shrubbery

Inflection

Third declension of τᾰ́ρφος; τᾰ́ρφεος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τᾰ́ρφος tárphos	τᾰ́ρφει / τᾰ́ρφεε tárphei / tárphee	τᾰ́ρφεᾰ tárphea
Genitive	τᾰ́ρφεος / τᾰ́ρφευς tárpheos / tárpheus	τᾰρφέοιν tarphéoin	τᾰρφέων tarphéōn
Dative	τᾰ́ρφει / τᾰ́ρφεῐ̈ tárphei / tárpheï	τᾰρφέοιν tarphéoin	τᾰ́ρφεσῐ / τᾰ́ρφεσῐν tárphesi(n)
Accusative	τᾰ́ρφος tárphos	τᾰ́ρφει / τᾰ́ρφεε tárphei / tárphee	τᾰ́ρφεᾰ tárphea
Vocative	τᾰ́ρφος tárphos	τᾰ́ρφει / τᾰ́ρφεε tárphei / tárphee	τᾰ́ρφεᾰ tárphea
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Derived terms

• ταρφύς (tarphús)

Further reading

• “τάρφος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “τάρφος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “τάρφος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• τάρφος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• τάρφος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN