φυλάσσω
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Hellenic *pʰuláťťō, the same source as φῠ́λᾰξ (phúlax, “watcher, guard”). Further etymology is unknown. According to Beekes, both words are likely Pre-Greek.[1]
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pʰy.lás.sɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /pʰyˈlas.so/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ɸyˈlas.so/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /fyˈlas.so/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /fiˈla.so/
Verb
editφῠλᾰ́σσω • (phulássō)
- (transitive) to watch, guard, protect, defend
- (transitive) to lie in wait, ambush
- (transitive) to watch for, wait for
- (transitive) to maintain, preserve, cherish
- to be on guard against; to shun, avoid
- (intransitive, middle voice) to take heed, take care, be on guard
- (transitive, middle voice) to keep in mind, remember
Inflection
edit Present: φῠλᾰ́σσω, φῠλᾰ́σσομαι
Imperfect: ἐφῠ́λᾰσσον, ἐφῠλᾰσσόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐφῠ́λᾰσσον | ἐφῠ́λᾰσσες | ἐφῠ́λᾰσσε(ν) | ἐφῠλᾰ́σσετον | ἐφῠλᾰσσέτην | ἐφῠλᾰ́σσομεν | ἐφῠλᾰ́σσετε | ἐφῠ́λᾰσσον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐφῠλᾰσσόμην | ἐφῠλᾰ́σσου | ἐφῠλᾰ́σσετο | ἐφῠλᾰ́σσεσθον | ἐφῠλᾰσσέσθην | ἐφῠλᾰσσόμεθᾰ | ἐφῠλᾰ́σσεσθε | ἐφῠλᾰ́σσοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Perfect: πεφῠ́λᾰκᾰ, πεφῠ́λᾰγμαι
Pluperfect: ἐπεφῠλᾰ́κειν, ἐπεφῠλᾰ́γμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐπεφῠλᾰ́κειν, ἐπεφῠλᾰ́κη |
ἐπεφῠλᾰ́κεις, ἐπεφῠλᾰ́κης |
ἐπεφῠλᾰ́κει(ν) | ἐπεφῠλᾰ́κετον | ἐπεφῠλᾰκέτην | ἐπεφῠλᾰ́κεμεν | ἐπεφῠλᾰ́κετε | ἐπεφῠλᾰ́κεσᾰν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐπεφῠλᾰ́γμην | ἐπεφῠ́λᾰξο | ἐπεφῠ́λᾰκτο | ἐπεφῠ́λᾰχθον | ἐπεφῠλᾰ́χθην | ἐπεφῠλᾰ́γμεθᾰ | ἐπεφῠ́λᾰχθε | ἐπεφῠλᾰ́κᾰτο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
References
edit- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “φύλαξ, -ακος (> DER > Denominative verb: 11. φυλάσσω)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1595
Further reading
edit- “φυλάσσω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “φυλάσσω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “φυλάσσω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- φυλάσσω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- φυλάσσω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “φυλάσσω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G5442 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
Greek
editPronunciation
editVerb
editφυλάσσω • (fylásso) (past φύλαξα, passive φυλάσσομαι, p‑past φυλάχθηκα, ppp φυλαγμένος)
Usage notes
edit- Sense "guard" for defending borders, or keeping safe valuable items.
Conjugation
editThis verb needs an inflection-table template.
Synonyms
edit- περιφρουρώ (perifrouró)
- υπερασπίζω (yperaspízo, “defend”)
Derived terms
edit- φυλασσόμενος (fylassómenos, “guarded”, passive present participle)
Related terms
editCompounds
- διαφυλάσσω (diafylásso), διαφυλάττω (diafylátto)
- επιφυλάσσω (epifylásso)
- προφυλάσσω (profylásso)
- and see: φύλακας m (fýlakas, “guard”)
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies
- Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek transitive verbs
- Ancient Greek intransitive verbs
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek verbs
- Greek formal terms