должен
Macedonian
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *dъlžьnъ. Cognate with Bulgarian длъ́жен (dlǎ́žen) and Russian до́лжен (dólžen).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editдолжен • (dolžen) (not comparable, abstract noun должност)
Declension
editmasculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | должен (dolžen) | должна (dolžna) | должно (dolžno) | должни (dolžni) |
definite unspecified | должниот (dolžniot) | должната (dolžnata) | должното (dolžnoto) | должните (dolžnite) |
definite proximal | должниов (dolžniov) | должнава (dolžnava) | должново (dolžnovo) | должниве (dolžnive) |
definite distal | должнион (dolžnion) | должнана (dolžnana) | должноно (dolžnono) | должнине (dolžnine) |
Russian
editAlternative forms
edit- до́лженъ (dólžen) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Etymology
editInherited from Old East Slavic дължьнъ (dŭlžĭnŭ, “obligated”), from Proto-Slavic *dъlžьnъ. Compare with долг (dolg), and cognate with Bulgarian длъ́жен (dlǎ́žen) and Macedonian до́лжен (dólžen).
Pronunciation
editPredicative
editдо́лжен • (dólžen)
- owing [with dative ‘someone’ and accusative ‘an amount of money’] (idiomatically translated by English owe)
- obligated (to), supposed (to) [with infinitive ‘do something’] (idiomatically translated by English must, have to, should or supposed to)
- Synonyms: (partial) вы́нужден (výnužden), на́до (nádo), необходи́мо (neobxodímo), ну́жно (núžno), обя́зан (objázan), (partial) прихо́дится (prixóditsja), сле́дует (slédujet), (partial) сто́ит (stóit)
- Слу́жащие должны́ во́время явля́ться на рабо́ту. ― Slúžaščije dolžný vóvremja javljátʹsja na rabótu. ― Employees must report to work on time.
- likely (to) [with infinitive ‘do something’] (idiomatically translated by English should)
- Synonyms: вероя́тно (verojátno), наве́рное (navérnoje), наверняка́ (navernjaká), скоре́е всего́ (skoréje vsevó)
- Затме́ние должно́ наступи́ть в три часа́. ― Zatménije dolžnó nastupítʹ v tri časá. ― The eclipse should occur at three o'clock.
- intended (to), supposed to, meant (to) [with infinitive ‘do something’]
- Э́то должно́ бы́ло быть шу́ткой. ― Éto dolžnó býlo bytʹ šútkoj. ― That was supposed to be a joke.
- Она́ должна́ была́ прийти́ ещё вчера́. ― Oná dolžná bylá prijtí ješčó včerá. ― She was meant to come yesterday.
- Подожди́те, он до́лжен верну́ться к обе́ду. ― Podoždíte, on dólžen vernútʹsja k obédu. ― Wait, he's supposed to be back by lunch.
Declension
editRelated terms
edit- до́лжность (dólžnostʹ), должни́к (dolžník), долг (dolg)
- до́лжный (dólžnyj)
- должо́н (dolžón)
- долженствова́ть (dolženstvovátʹ)
Derived terms
edit- должно́ быть (dolžnó bytʹ)
Categories:
- Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Macedonian 2-syllable words
- Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Macedonian paroxytone terms
- Macedonian lemmas
- Macedonian adjectives
- Macedonian adjectives with a fleeting е
- Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Russian 2-syllable words
- Russian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Russian terms with audio pronunciation
- Russian lemmas
- Russian adjectives
- Russian terms with usage examples
- Russian hard-stem stem-stressed adjectives
- Russian adjectives with short forms
- Russian adjectives with short accent pattern b
- Russian adjectives with reducible short stem
- Russian adjectives with irregular short masculine singular
- Russian short-form-only adjectives