Wiktionary

друг

Belarusian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Ruthenian другъ (druh), from Proto-Slavic *drugъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [drux]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ux
  • Hyphenation: друг

Noun

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друг • (druh) m pers (genitive дру́га, nominative plural друзья́, genitive plural друзе́й)

  1. (dated) friend
    Synonyms: ся́бар (sjábar), пры́яцель (prýjacjelʹ)
    • 1918, Francišak Alachnovič, Bazylišk, Vilnius: Drukarnia M. Kuchty, page 16:
      — Moj brat tak sama… Pajšoŭ, — nie wiarnuŭsia!… Jon bolš čym bratam, druham jon byŭ mnie!
      "And also my brother… Went there,—never came back!… He was more than a brother to me—he was my friend!"
    • 1938 [1848], Charles Dickens, anonymous translator, Домбі і сын, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of Dombey and Son, page 8:
      — Дарагая мая Луіза, — прагаварыла міс Токс, — мой любы друг, як вы сябе адчуваеце цяпер?
      — Darahaja maja Luiza, — prahavaryla mis Toks, — moj ljuby druh, jak vy sjabje adčuvajecje cjapjer?
      [original: "My dear Louisa then," said Miss Tox, "my sweet friend, how are you now?"]
    • 1940 [1882], Mark Twain, translated by Janka Maŭr, Прынц і жабрак, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of The Prince and the Pauper, page 109:
      Што-ж ён будзе рабіць? Ва ўсім свеце ў яго ёсць адзін друг і абаронца, Майлс Гендон, і ён, натуральна, паспрабуе знайсці свайго друга, калі толькі для гэтага яму не трэба будзе вяртацца ў Лондан і рызыкаваць новымі небяспекамі.
      Što-ž jon budzje rabicʹ? Va ŭsim svjecje ŭ jahó joscʹ adzin druh i abarónca, Majls Hjendón, i jon, naturalʹna, pasprabuje znajsci svajhó druha, kali tólʹki dlja hetaha jamu nje treba budzje vjartacca ŭ Lóndan i ryzykavacʹ nóvymi njebjaspjekami.
      [original: What, then, would he do? Never having had a friend in the world, or a protector, until he met Miles Hendon, he would naturally try to find that friend again, provided the effort did not require him to go toward London and danger.]
      What, then, would he do? Having had only one friend and protector in the world, Miles Hendon, he would naturally try to find his friend, provided the effort did not require him to go toward London and risk new dangers.

Declension

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Declension of друг (pr velar masc-form accent-c irreg-plstem)
singular plural
nominative друг
druh 		друзья́
druzʹjá
genitive дру́га
drúha 		друзе́й
druzjéj
dative дру́гу
drúhu 		друзья́м
druzʹjám
accusative дру́га
drúha 		друзе́й
druzjéj
instrumental дру́гам
drúham 		друзья́мі
druzʹjámi
locative дру́гу
drúhu 		друзья́х
druzʹjáx
vocative дру́жа
drúža 		—
count form — дру́гі1
drúhi1

1Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

References

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  • Zhurawski, A. I., editor (1989), “другъ”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 9 (дорогоценный – жеребей), Minsk: Navuka i tekhnika, →ISBN, page 83
  • “друг”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
  • “друг” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Bulgarian

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Slavic *drugъ.

Adjective

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друг • (drug)

  1. other, another, else
  2. different, new
    Synonym: разли́чен (razlíčen)
    друга версия ― druga versija ― another/different version
    Това е съвсем друга тема.
    Tova e sǎvsem druga tema.
    That's quite a different matter.
  3. opposite, reverse, other
    Synonyms: противополо́жен (protivopolóžen), обра́тен (obráten)
    на другата страна на листа
    na drugata strana na lista
    on the reverse side of the page
    на другата страна на стената
    na drugata strana na stenata
    on the other side of the wall
  4. next, following
    Synonyms: сле́дващ (slédvašt), и́ден (íden)
    другата седмица ― drugata sedmica ― next week, the coming week
    на другия ден ― na drugija den ― on the next/following day
Declension
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Declension of друг (no comparative)
masculine feminine neuter plural
indefinite друг
drug 		дру́га
drúga 		дру́го
drúgo 		дру́ги
drúgi
definite
(subject form) 		дру́гият
drúgijat 		дру́гата
drúgata 		дру́гото
drúgoto 		дру́гите
drúgite
definite
(object form) 		дру́гия
drúgija

Noun

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друг • (drug) m (feminine дру́га)

  1. another
  2. (in the plural) others
Declension
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Declension of друг
singular plural
indefinite друг
drug 		дру́ги
drúgi
definite
(subject form) 		дру́гият
drúgijat 		дру́гите
drúgite
definite
(object form) 		дру́гия
drúgija

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Slavic *drugъ.

Noun

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друг • (drug) m (feminine дру́жка)

  1. (dated or rare) friend
    Synonyms: прия́тел (prijátel), друга́р (drugár)
Declension
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Declension of друг
singular plural
indefinite друг
drug 		дру́ги, дру́зи
drúgi, drúzi
definite
(subject form) 		дру́гът
drúgǎt 		дру́гите, дру́зите
drúgite, drúzite
definite
(object form) 		дру́га
drúga
vocative form дру́же
drúže 		дру́ги, дру́зи
drúgi, drúzi

References

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  • “друг”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
  • “друг”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Macedonian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *drugъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [druk]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: друг

Determiner

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друг • (drug)

  1. other

Declension

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Declension of друг
masculine feminine neuter plural
indefinite друг (drug) друга (druga) друго (drugo) други (drugi)
definite unspecified другиот (drugiot) другата (drugata) другото (drugoto) другите (drugite)
definite proximal другиов (drugiov) другава (drugava) другово (drugovo) другиве (drugive)
definite distal другион (drugion) другана (drugana) другоно (drugono) другине (drugine)

Russian

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *drugъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-.

Noun

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друг • (drug) m anim (genitive дру́га, nominative plural друзья́, genitive plural друзе́й, feminine подру́га, relational adjective дру́жеский, diminutive дружо́к)

  1. close friend
    Synonyms: прия́тель (prijátelʹ); това́рищ (továrišč); (slang, in social networks or neologism) френд (frɛnd); (slang, especially criminal) ко́реш (kóreš)
    Antonym: враг (vrag)
    Я хочу́ име́ть друзе́й. ― Ja xočú imétʹ druzéj. ― I want to have friends.
    бли́зкий друг ― blízkij drug ― close friend
    стари́нный друг ― starínnyj drug ― very old friend
    друг семьи́ ― drug semʹí ― friend of the family
    друг де́тства ― drug détstva ― childhood friend
Declension
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Declension of друг (anim masc-form velar-stem accent-c irreg) 
singular plural
nominative дру́г
drúg 		друзья́△
druzʹjá△
genitive дру́га
drúga 		друзе́й△
druzéj△
dative дру́гу
drúgu 		друзья́м△
druzʹjám△
accusative дру́га
drúga 		друзе́й△
druzéj△
instrumental дру́гом
drúgom 		друзья́ми△
druzʹjámi△
prepositional дру́ге
drúge 		друзья́х△
druzʹjáx△
vocative дру́же
drúže

△ Irregular.

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Descendants
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  • → English: droog

Etymology 2

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Originally the predicative (short) form of друго́й (drugój, “another”).

Noun

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друг • (drug) m anim (genitive дру́га, uncountable)

  1. (in pairs) other, another
    друг в дру́га ― drug v drúga ― one another; each other
    друг дру́га ― drug drúga ― one another; each other
    друг дру́гу ― drug drúgu ― to one another; to each other
    друг за дру́гом ― drug za drúgom ― one after another; in single file
    друг к дру́гу ― drug k drúgu ― to each other
    друг на дру́га ― drug na drúga ― against each other
    друг от дру́га ― drug ot drúga ― one from another
    друг под дру́га ― drug pod drúga ― toward each other
    друг про́тив дру́га ― drug prótiv drúga ― face to face; vis-à-vis
    друг с дру́гом ― drug s drúgom ― with each other
    друг у дру́га ― drug u drúga ― at one another; from one another
Declension
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Declension of друг (anim sg-only masc-form velar-stem accent-a) 
singular
nominative дру́г
drúg
genitive дру́га
drúga
dative дру́гу
drúgu
accusative дру́га
drúga
instrumental дру́гом
drúgom
prepositional дру́ге
drúge

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *drugъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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друг m (Latin spelling drug)

  1. friend
    Synonym: при̏јатељ
  2. comrade

Declension

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Declension of друг
singular plural
nominative друг другови / друзи
genitive друга другова / друга
dative другу друговима / друзима
accusative друга другове / друге
vocative друже другови / друзи
locative другу друговима / друзима
instrumental другом друговима / друзима

Derived terms

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Ukrainian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *drugъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *draugás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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друг • (druh) m pers (genitive дру́га, nominative plural дру́зі, genitive plural дру́зів, feminine по́друга)

  1. friend, companion

Declension

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Declension of друг (pers velar masc-form accent-a irreg-plstem)
singular plural
nominative друг
druh 		дру́зі
drúzi
genitive дру́га
drúha 		дру́зів
drúziv
dative дру́гові, дру́гу
drúhovi, drúhu 		дру́зям
drúzjam
accusative дру́га
drúha 		дру́зів
drúziv
instrumental дру́гом
drúhom 		дру́зями
drúzjamy
locative дру́гові, дру́гу
drúhovi, drúhu 		дру́зях
drúzjax
vocative дру́же
drúže 		дру́зі
drúzi

References

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