кале

See also: Appendix:Variations of "kale" and Кале

Bulgarian

Останки от Рум кале (Изт. Турция)

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قلعه (kalʼa) (whence Modern Turkish kale), cognate with Persian کلات (“stronghold”), قلعه (“fortress”) and Arabic قلعة (“fortress”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kɐˈlɛ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

кале́ • (kalé) n

1. (historical) qalat (defensive fort in the Middle East and Central Asia, typically built at inhospitable location)
2. (colloquial) (ruins of) fortress, fortified place

   Synonyms: кре́пост (krépost), твърдина́ (tvǎrdiná)

Declension

Declension of кале́

	singular	plural
indefinite	кале́ kalé	калта́ kaltá
definite	кале́то kaléto	калта́та kaltáta

Coordinate terms

• хиса́р (hisár, “hisar, castle”) (fortification built at hospitable location, serving as a residence)

References

• “кале”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “кале”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Macedonian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قلعه (kalʼa) (Turkish kale).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkalɛ]

Noun

кале • (kale) n

1. (historical) fortress

Declension

Declension of кале

	singular	plural
indefinite	кале (kale)	калиња (kalinja)
definite unspecified	калето (kaleto)	калињата (kalinjata)
definite proximal	калево (kalevo)	калињава (kalinjava)
definite distal	калено (kaleno)	калињана (kalinjana)
vocative	кале (kale)	калиња (kalinja)

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkalʲe]
• IPA^(key): [kɐˈɫorʲɪje] (phonetic respelling: кало́рие)

Noun

ка́ле • (kále) m inan

1. prepositional singular of кал (kal)

калé • (kalé) m inan

1. kale