луна

See also: Луна

Bulgarian

небесно тяло Луна

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic лоуна (luna), from Proto-Slavic *luna. By surface analysis, луч (luč, “ray of light”) +‎ -сна (-sna).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɫoˈna]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -na

Noun

луна́ • (luná) f (relational adjective лу́нен, diminutive луни́ца)

1. moon (the Moon, the satellite of planet Earth)

   Synonym: месечи́на (mesečína)

2. moon (any substantially sized natural satellite of a planet)

Declension

Declension of луна́

	singular	plural
indefinite	луна́ luná	луни́ luní
definite	луна́та lunáta	луни́те luníte
vocative form	лу́но lúno	луни́ luní

References

• “луна¹”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “луна”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “луна́¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 509

белег лунички

Etymology 2

Back-formed (with stress retraction) from the diminutive луни́ца (luníca, “small moon”) of Etymology 1.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɫunɐ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

лу́на • (lúna) f (relational adjective луни́в or лу́нест)

1. freckle, speckle, skin spot

   Synonym: (dialectal) пе́га (péga)

Declension

Declension of лу́на

	singular	plural
indefinite	лу́на lúna	лу́ни lúni
definite	лу́ната lúnata	лу́ните lúnite

Derived terms

• лу́ня се (lúnja se), луня́свам (lunjásvam, “to get speckles on the skin”)
• лу́нка (lúnka), лу́ница (lúnica), лу́ничка (lúnička) (diminutive)

References

• “луна²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• Nayden Gerov (1899) “лу́на”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 24
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “лу́на¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 508

Etymology 3

Probably a resultant noun of lost Proto-Slavic *lu- (“thrust, poke”) +‎ -на (-na), attested with s-mobile in Bulgarian хлу́я (hlúja, “to raid, to charge in”). If correct, then related to Serbo-Croatian олу́ја (“whirlwind”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɫunɐ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

лу́на • (lúna) f (relational adjective лу́няв)

1. (dialectal) strong gale, squall

Declension

Declension of лу́на

	singular	plural
indefinite	лу́на lúna	лу́ни lúni
definite	лу́ната lúnata	лу́ните lúnite

Alternative forms

• лу́ня (lúnja) — dialectal

References

• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “лу́на⁴”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 508

Anagrams

• улна (ulna), нула (nula)

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *luna.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɫuna]

Noun

луна • (luna) f

1. (rare, poetic) moon (the Moon, the satellite of planet Earth)

   Synonym: месечина (mesečina)

2. Alternative form of луња (lunja, “thunderstorm”)

Old East Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lunà, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *láukšnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /luˈnɑ/→/luˈna/→/luˈna/

• (ca. 9^th CE) IPA^(key): /luˈnɑ/
• (ca. 11^th CE) IPA^(key): /luˈna/
• (ca. 13^th CE) IPA^(key): /luˈna/

• Hyphenation: лу‧на

Noun

луна (luna) f

1. moon

Declension

Declension of луна (hard a-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	луна luna	лунѣ luně	лунꙑ luny
Genitive	лунꙑ luny	луну lunu	лунъ lunŭ
Dative	лунѣ luně	лунама lunama	лунамъ lunamŭ
Accusative	лунѫ lunǫ	лунѣ luně	лунꙑ luny
Instrumental	луноѭ lunojǫ	лунама lunama	лунами lunami
Locative	лунѣ luně	луну lunu	лунахъ lunaxŭ
Vocative	луно luno	лунѣ luně	лунꙑ luny

Descendants

• Russian: луна́ (luná)
• Ukrainian: луна́ (luná, “echo”)

References

• Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1902) “луна”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎^[2] (in Russian), volume 2 (Л – П), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 54

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic луна (luna, “moon”), from Proto-Slavic *luna (“moon”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɫʊˈna]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a

Noun

луна́ • (luná) f inan (genitive луны́, nominative plural лу́ны, genitive plural лун, relational adjective лу́нный)

1. moon (the Moon, the satellite of planet Earth)
   • 2007, Земфира [Zemfira] (lyrics and music), “Мы разбиваемся [My razbivajemsja]”, in Спасибо‎^[3]:

     Звонки́ телефо́нные под луно́й,
     Грани́цы усло́вные, я с тобо́й...

     Zvonkí telefónnyje pod lunój,
     Granícy uslóvnyje, ja s tobój...

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. moon (any substantially sized natural satellite of a planet)

Declension

Declension of луна́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-d) 

	singular	plural
nominative	луна́ luná	лу́ны lúny
genitive	луны́ luný	лу́н lún
dative	луне́ luné	лу́нам lúnam
accusative	луну́ lunú	лу́ны lúny
instrumental	луно́й, луно́ю lunój, lunóju	лу́нами lúnami
prepositional	луне́ luné	лу́нах lúnax

Pre-reform declension of луна́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-d) 

	singular	plural
nominative	луна́ luná	лу́ны lúny
genitive	луны́ luný	лу́нъ lún
dative	лунѣ́ luně́	лу́намъ lúnam
accusative	луну́ lunú	лу́ны lúny
instrumental	луно́й, луно́ю lunój, lunóju	лу́нами lúnami
prepositional	лунѣ́ luně́	лу́нахъ lúnax

Synonyms

1. Луна́ f (Luná), ме́сяц m (mésjac)
2. есте́ственный спу́тник m (jestéstvennyj spútnik)

Hypernyms

• небе́сное те́ло n (nebésnoje télo), спу́тник m (spútnik)

Derived terms

• безлу́нный (bezlúnnyj)
• луна́-ры́ба f anim (luná-rýba)
• новолу́ние n (novolúnije)
• полнолу́ние n (polnolúnije)

 

• лунохо́д m (lunoxód)
• прилуни́ться pf (prilunítʹsja), прилуня́ться impf (prilunjátʹsja), прилуне́ние n (prilunénije)

Phrases

• как до Луны́ (kak do Luný)
  • как до Луны́ пешко́м (kak do Luný peškóm)
• ло́жная луна́ f (lóžnaja luná)
• лу́нное затме́ние n (lúnnoje zatménije)

Related terms

Borrowed

• лунати́зм m (lunatízm)
• луна́тик m anim (lunátik)
• лунати́ческий (lunatíčeskij)

 

Native

• лоск m (losk)
• луч m (luč)
• лысый (lysyj)

See also

• по́яс астеро́идов (pójas asteróidov, pójas astɛróidov, “asteroid belt / Asteroid Belt”)
• со́лнце (sólnce, “sun, phonetic respelling: со́нце(sónce)”)
• Со́лнце (Sólnce, “the Sun, phonetic respelling: Со́нце (Sónce)”)

 

• Мерку́рий (Merkúrij, “Mercury”)
• Вене́ра (Venéra, “Venus”)
• Земля́ (Zemljá, “Earth”)
• Марс (Mars, “Mars”)
• Юпи́тер (Jupíter, “Jupiter”)
• Сату́рн (Satúrn, “Saturn”)
• Ура́н (Urán, “Uranus”)
• Непту́н (Neptún, “Neptune”)
• Плуто́н (Plutón, “Pluto”)

 

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “луна”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “луна”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 495
• Shansky, N. M., Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (1999), “луна”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), number 9 (Л), Moscow: Moscow University Press, →ISBN , page 188

Ukrainian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɫʊˈna]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

луна́ • (luná) f inan (genitive луни́, uncountable)

1. echo (reflected sound)

Declension

Declension of луна́ (inan sg-only hard fem-form accent-d)

	singular
nominative	луна́ luná
genitive	луни́ luný
dative	луні́ luní
accusative	луну́ lunú
instrumental	луно́ю lunóju
locative	луні́ luní
vocative	лу́но lúno

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “луна”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• “луна”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)