Budukh

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Etymology

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Akin to Avar сон (son) and Lak шин (šin) and Udi усен (usen).

Noun

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сан (san)

  1. year

Bulgarian

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Etymology

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From Old Church Slavonic санъ (sanŭ) (u-stem), probably of Oghur origin. Cognate with Turkish san (reputation), Turkmen san (account), Kazakh санау (sanau, count), Tatar san (number) and akin to dialectal Turkish sаnаmаk (to take into account), Uzbek sanamoq (to count) from Proto-Turkic *sā(j)- (to count, to determine). Through another suffix is perhaps Bulgarian самчия (samčija, (old-time) governor).

Noun

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сан (sanm

  1. (literary, obsolescent) rank, administrative position

Declension

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Derived terms

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References

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  • сан”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
  • Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “сан”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 457

Anagrams

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Buryat

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Classical Mongolian ᠰᠠᠩ (sang, granary), from Mandarin  / (cāng, granary).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /säɴ/, [sʰä̟ɴ̟]
  • Hyphenation: сан
  • Rhymes: -an

Noun

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сан (san) (??? please provide spelling!)

  1. treasury; exchequer
  2. fund, stock, reserve

Declension

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This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Alternative forms

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Chechen

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Pronoun

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сан (san)

  1. genitive singular of со (so)

Dungan

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Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-sum, cognate to Standard Mandarin (sān).

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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сан (san) (I)

  1. three

Erzya

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Etymology

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From Proto-Mordvinic *san, from Proto-Uralic *sëne.[1][2] Compare Finnish suoni, Estonian soon, Kildin Sami сӯнн (sūnn), Eastern Mari шӱн (šün), Udmurt сӧн (sön), Hungarian ín.

Pronunciation

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  This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Noun

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сан (san)

  1. (anatomy) vein
    верень санveŕeń sanblood vessel
  2. (anatomy) tendon, sinew
  3. (dialectal, anatomy) penis
    • Heikki Paasonen, Mordwinisches Wörterbuch
      koda lomań v́ijse͔nᴣe͔, ḱeḿe sonᴣo sanozo — Wenn der Mann (‘Mensch’) bei Kräften ist, ist sein Glied stark.
      [literal translation from Erzya] when a man is in his strength, firm his penis is — [German translation]

Declension

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Synonyms

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Derived terms

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  • Саназей (Sanaźej, a spirit/deity that rules over the penis)

References

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  1. ^ сан (san) in Álgu-tietokanta, Kotimaisten kielten keskus
  2. ^ Keresztes, László (1986) Geschichte der mordwinischen Konsonantismus II. Etymologisches Belegmaterial[1], Szeged: Studia Uralo-Altaica 26.

Kazakh

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Alternative scripts
Arabic سان
Cyrillic сан
Latin san

Noun

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сан (san)

  1. number
  2. thigh

Declension

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Khakas

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Noun

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сан (san)

  1. number
  2. counting, calculation

Komi-Zyrian

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Сан.

Etymology

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Unknown.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsan/, [ˈsän]
  • Hyphenation: сан

Noun

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сан (san)

  1. wolverine (Gulo gulo)

Declension

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Declension of сан (stem: сан-)
singular plural
nominative сан (san) санъяс (sanjas)
accusative I* сан (san) санъяс (sanjas)
II* санӧс (sanös) санъясӧс (sanjasös)
instrumental санӧн (sanön) санъясӧн (sanjasön)
comitative санкӧд (sanköd) санъяскӧд (sanjasköd)
caritive сантӧг (santög) санъястӧг (sanjastög)
consecutive санла (sanla) санъясла (sanjasla)
genitive санлӧн (sanlön) санъяслӧн (sanjaslön)
ablative санлысь (sanlyś) санъяслысь (sanjaslyś)
dative санлы (sanly) санъяслы (sanjasly)
inessive санын (sanyn) санъясын (sanjasyn)
elative санысь (sanyś) санъясысь (sanjasyś)
illative санӧ (sanö) санъясӧ (sanjasö)
egressive сансянь (sanśań) санъяссянь (sanjasśań)
approximative санлань (sanlań) санъяслань (sanjaslań)
terminative санӧдз (sanödź) санъясӧдз (sanjasödź)
prolative I санӧд (sanöd) санъясӧд (sanjasöd)
II санті (santi) санъясті (sanjasti)
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
Possessive declension of сан
First person singular
singular plural
nominative санӧй (sanöj) санъясӧй (sanjasöj)
accusative I* санӧй (sanöj) санъясӧй (sanjasöj)
II* санӧс (sanös) санъясӧс (sanjasös)
instrumental саннам (sannam) санъяснам (sanjasnam)
comitative санӧйкӧд (sanöjköd) санъясӧйкӧд (sanjasöjköd)
caritive сантӧгым (santögym) санъястӧгым (sanjastögym)
consecutive санӧйла (sanöjla) санъясӧйла (sanjasöjla)
genitive санӧйлӧн (sanöjlön) санъясӧйлӧн (sanjasöjlön)
ablative санӧйлысь (sanöjlyś) санъясӧйлысь (sanjasöjlyś)
dative санӧйлы (sanöjly) санъясӧйлы (sanjasöjly)
inessive санам (sanam) санъясам (sanjasam)
elative сансьым (sanśym) санъяссьым (sanjasśym)
illative санам (sanam) санъясам (sanjasam)
egressive сансяньым (sanśańym) санъяссяньым (sanjasśańym)
approximative санланьым (sanlańym) санъясланьым (sanjaslańym)
terminative санӧдзым (sanödźym) санъясӧдзым (sanjasödźym)
prolative I санӧдым (sanödym) санъясӧдым (sanjasödym)
II сантіым (santiym) санъястіым (sanjastiym)
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
Second person singular
singular plural
nominative саныд (sanyd) санъясыд (sanjasyd)
accusative I* саныд (sanyd) санъясыд (sanjasyd)
II* сантӧ (santö) санъястӧ (sanjastö)
instrumental саннад (sannad) санъяснад (sanjasnad)
comitative саныдкӧд (sanydköd) санъясыдкӧд (sanjasydköd)
caritive сантӧгыд (santögyd) санъястӧгыд (sanjastögyd)
consecutive саныдла (sanydla) санъясыдла (sanjasydla)
genitive саныдлӧн (sanydlön) санъясыдлӧн (sanjasydlön)
ablative саныдлысь (sanydlyś) санъясыдлысь (sanjasydlyś)
dative саныдлы (sanydly) санъясыдлы (sanjasydly)
inessive санад (sanad) санъясад (sanjasad)
elative сансьыд (sanśyd) санъяссьыд (sanjasśyd)
illative санад (sanad) санъясад (sanjasad)
egressive сансяньыд (sanśańyd) санъяссяньыд (sanjasśańyd)
approximative санланьыд (sanlańyd) санъясланьыд (sanjaslańyd)
terminative санӧдзыд (sanödźyd) санъясӧдзыд (sanjasödźyd)
prolative I санӧдыд (sanödyd) санъясӧдыд (sanjasödyd)
II сантіыд (santiyd) санъястіыд (sanjastiyd)
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
Third person singular
singular plural
nominative саныс (sanys) санъясыс (sanjasys)
accusative I* саныс (sanys) санъясыс (sanjasys)
II* сансӧ (sansö) санъяссӧ (sanjassö)
instrumental саннас (sannas) санъяснас (sanjasnas)
comitative саныскӧд (sanysköd) санъясыскӧд (sanjasysköd)
caritive сантӧгыс (santögys) санъястӧгыс (sanjastögys)
consecutive санысла (sanysla) санъясысла (sanjasysla)
genitive саныслӧн (sanyslön) санъясыслӧн (sanjasyslön)
ablative саныслысь (sanyslyś) санъясыслысь (sanjasyslyś)
dative саныслы (sanysly) санъясыслы (sanjasysly)
inessive санас (sanas) санъясас (sanjasas)
elative сансьыс (sanśys) санъяссьыс (sanjasśys)
illative санас (sanas) санъясас (sanjasas)
egressive сансяньыс (sanśańys) санъяссяньыс (sanjasśańys)
approximative санланьыс (sanlańys) санъясланьыс (sanjaslańys)
terminative санӧдзыс (sanödźys) санъясӧдзыс (sanjasödźys)
prolative I санӧдыс (sanödys) санъясӧдыс (sanjasödys)
II сантіыс (santiys) санъястіыс (sanjastiys)
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
First person plural
singular plural
nominative санным (sannym) санъясным (sanjasnym)
accusative I* санным (sannym) санъясным (sanjasnym)
II* саннымӧ (sannymö) санъяснымӧ (sanjasnymö)
instrumental саннаным (sannanym) санъяснаным (sanjasnanym)
comitative саннымкӧд (sannymköd) санъяснымкӧд (sanjasnymköd)
caritive сантӧгным (santögnym) санъястӧгным (sanjastögnym)
consecutive саннымла (sannymla) санъяснымла (sanjasnymla)
genitive саннымлӧн (sannymlön) санъяснымлӧн (sanjasnymlön)
ablative саннымлысь (sannymlyś) санъяснымлысь (sanjasnymlyś)
dative саннымлы (sannymly) санъяснымлы (sanjasnymly)
inessive сананым (sananym) санъясаным (sanjasanym)
elative сансьыным (sanśynym) санъяссьыным (sanjasśynym)
illative сананым (sananym) санъясаным (sanjasanym)
egressive сансяньным (sanśańnym) санъяссяньным (sanjasśańnym)
approximative санланьным (sanlańnym) санъясланьным (sanjaslańnym)
terminative санӧдзным (sanödźnym) санъясӧдзным (sanjasödźnym)
prolative I санӧдным (sanödnym) санъясӧдным (sanjasödnym)
II сантіным (santinym) санъястіным (sanjastinym)
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
Second person plural
singular plural
nominative санныд (sannyd) санъясныд (sanjasnyd)
accusative I* санныд (sannyd) санъясныд (sanjasnyd)
II* саннытӧ (sannytö) санъяснытӧ (sanjasnytö)
instrumental саннаныд (sannanyd) санъяснаныд (sanjasnanyd)
comitative санныдкӧд (sannydköd) санъясныдкӧд (sanjasnydköd)
caritive сантӧгныд (santögnyd) санъястӧгныд (sanjastögnyd)
consecutive санныдла (sannydla) санъясныдла (sanjasnydla)
genitive санныдлӧн (sannydlön) санъясныдлӧн (sanjasnydlön)
ablative санныдлысь (sannydlyś) санъясныдлысь (sanjasnydlyś)
dative санныдлы (sannydly) санъясныдлы (sanjasnydly)
inessive сананыд (sananyd) санъясаныд (sanjasanyd)
elative сансьыныд (sanśynyd) санъяссьыныд (sanjasśynyd)
illative сананыд (sananyd) санъясаныд (sanjasanyd)
egressive сансяньныд (sanśańnyd) санъяссяньныд (sanjasśańnyd)
approximative санланьныд (sanlańnyd) санъясланьныд (sanjaslańnyd)
terminative санӧдзныд (sanödźnyd) санъясӧдзныд (sanjasödźnyd)
prolative I санӧдныд (sanödnyd) санъясӧдныд (sanjasödnyd)
II сантіныд (santinyd) санъястіныд (sanjastinyd)
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
Third person plural
singular plural
nominative санныс (sannys) санъясныс (sanjasnys)
accusative I* санныс (sannys) санъясныс (sanjasnys)
II* саннысӧ (sannysö) санъяснысӧ (sanjasnysö)
instrumental саннаныс (sannanys) санъяснаныс (sanjasnanys)
comitative саннымкӧс (sannymkös) санъяснымкӧс (sanjasnymkös)
caritive сантӧгныс (santögnys) санъястӧгныс (sanjastögnys)
consecutive саннысла (sannysla) санъяснысла (sanjasnysla)
genitive санныслӧн (sannyslön) санъясныслӧн (sanjasnyslön)
ablative санныслысь (sannyslyś) санъясныслысь (sanjasnyslyś)
dative санныслы (sannysly) санъясныслы (sanjasnysly)
inessive сананыс (sananys) санъясаныс (sanjasanys)
elative сансьыныс (sanśynys) санъяссьыныс (sanjasśynys)
illative сананыс (sananys) санъясаныс (sanjasanys)
egressive сансяньныс (sanśańnys) санъяссяньныс (sanjasśańnys)
approximative санланьныс (sanlańnys) санъясланьныс (sanjaslańnys)
terminative санӧдзныс (sanödźnys) санъясӧдзныс (sanjasödźnys)
prolative I санӧдныс (sanödnys) санъясӧдныс (sanjasödnys)
II сантіныс (santinys) санъястіныс (sanjastinys)
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.

Synonyms

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References

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  • Anu-Reet Hauzenberg (1972) Названия животных в коми языке [Names of animals in the Komi language], Tallinn: Estonian Academy of Sciences, page 38
  • L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN, page 573

Kumyk

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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сан (san)

  1. member
  2. limb (body part)

Etymology 2

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Noun

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сан (san)

  1. quality

Declension

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Further reading

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  • Бамматов Б.Г., editor (2013), “сан”, in Кумыкско-русский словарь [Kumyk–Russian dictionary], Makhachkala: ИЯЛИ ДНЦ РАН

Kyrgyz

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Etymology

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From Proto-Turkic *sā-n (number), from Proto-Turkic *sā- (to count). Compare to Kazakh сан (san), Shor сан, etc.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /sɑn/
  • Hyphenation: сан (one syllable)

Noun

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сан (san) (Arabic spelling سان)

  1. number

Declension

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Derived terms

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See also

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Moksha

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Etymology

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From Proto-Mordvinic *san, from Proto-Uralic *sëne. Cognates include Erzya сан (san).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsan/
  • Rhymes: -an
  • Hyphenation: сан

Noun

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сан (san)

  1. (anatomy) tendon, sinew

Declension

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Declension of сан
singular plural
nominative
(...)
сан
san
сатт
satt
genitive
(of ...)
санонь
sanoń
dative
(to ...)
санонди
sanońďi
comparative
(like ...)
саншка
sanška
ablative
(than ...)
санда
sanda
lative
(into ...)
сану
sanu
illative
(into ...)
санц
sanc
inessive
(in ...)
санца
sanca
elative
(out of ...)
санцта
sancta
prolative
(through ...)
санга
sanga
causative
(for ...)
санонкса
sanonksa
translative
(becoming ...)
санкс
sanks
abessive
(without ...)
санфтома
sanftoma
Definite declension of сан
singular plural
nominative
(...)
сансь
sańś
сантне
sańťńe
genitive
(of ...)
санть
sańť
сантнень
sańťńeń
dative
(to ...)
санти
sańťi
сантненди
sańťńeńďi

Derived terms

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References

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  • V. I. Shchankina (1993) “сан”, in Мокшень-рузонь валкс [Moksha-Russian dictionary], Saransk: MKI, →ISBN, page 137

Mongolian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Usually taken to be an old loan from Chinese  / (cāng, granary).

Found already in Middle Mongol, but not reconstructable for Proto-Mongolic.

Noun

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сан (san) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠠᠩ (sang)); (hidden-g declension)

  1. treasury
  2. treasure
  3. fund
  4. store, storehouse
  5. shop
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Tibetan བསངས་ (bsangs).

Noun

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сан (san) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠠᠩ (sang)); (hidden-g declension)

  1. (Buddhism) A kind of smoke ritual in which incense or juniper branches are burnt.
    Hypernym: зан үйл (zan üjl)

See also

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Nogai

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Etymology

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From Proto-Turkic *sā-. Cognate to Karakalpak san, etc.

Noun

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сан (san)

  1. number

References

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  • N. A. Baskakov, S.A Kalmykov, editor (1963), “сан”, in Nogajsko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Nogai-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: karačajevo-čerkesskij naučno- issledovatelʹskij institut jazyka, literatury i istorii, →ISBN

Northern Altai

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Etymology

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From Proto-Turkic *sā-n (number), from Proto-Turkic *sā- (to count).

Noun

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сан (san)

  1. number

References

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* Кумандинско-Русский Словарь

Russian

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Etymology

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From Old Church Slavonic санъ (sanŭ) (u-stem), probably of Oghur origin. Cognate with Turkish san (reputation), Turkmen san (account), Kazakh санау (sanau, count), Tatar san (number) and akin to dial. Turkish sаnаmаk (to take into account), Uzbek sanamoq (to count) from Proto-Turkic *sā(j)- (to count, to determine).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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сан (sanm inan (genitive са́на, nominative plural саны́, genitive plural сано́в)

  1. religious title/order/rank, dignity
    Synonym: чин (čin)

Declension

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Derived terms

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References

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  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сан”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “сан”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 138

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ̀nъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *súpnas, from Proto-Indo-European *supnós.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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са̏н m (Latin spelling sȁn)

  1. sleep
  2. dream
    Шта си видела у том сну?What did you see in that dream?

Declension

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Derived terms

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References

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  • сан”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Shor

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Etymology

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From Proto-Turkic *sā-n (number), from Proto-Turkic *sā- (to count).

Noun

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сан (san)

  1. number

Southern Altai

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Turkic *sān. Cognate with Kazakh сан (san), Kyrgyz сан (san), Crimean Tatar san, Kumyk сан (san, limp), Tatar сан (san, limp), etc.

Noun

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сан (san)

  1. thigh

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Turkic *sā-n. Cognate to Kyrgyz сан (san), Kazakh сан (san), Kumyk сан (san), etc.

Noun

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сан (san)

  1. number

Synonyms

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References

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  • Radloff, Friedrich Wilhelm (1893–1911) Опыт словаря тюркских наречий – Versuch eines Wörterbuches der Türk-Dialecte [Attempt at a Lexicon of the Turkic Dialects] (overall work in German and Russian), Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 297
  • Сравнительно-историческая, Грамматика Тюркских языков, Региональные Реконструкции, 267 pages.
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