страда

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *stradati.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈstrada]

Verb

страда • (strada) third-singular present, impf

1. (intransitive) to suffer

Conjugation

Conjugation of страда (imperfective, present in -а)

l-participles	imperfect	aorist	non-finite forms
masculine	страдал	—	adjectival participle	—
feminine	страдала	—	adverbial participle	страдајќи
neuter	страдало	—	verbal noun	страдање
plural	страдале	—	perfect participle	страдано
	present	imperfect	aorist	imperative
1st singular	страдам	страдав	—	—
2nd singular	страдаш	страдаше	—	страдај
3rd singular	страда	страдаше	—	—
1st plural	страдаме	страдавме	—	—
2nd plural	страдате	страдавте	—	страдајте
3rd plural	страдаат	страдаа	—	—
Compound tenses
perfect	сум страдал		present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle
има-perfect	имам страдано		present of има + perfect participle
pluperfect	бев страдал		imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle
има-pluperfect	имав страдано		imperfect of има + perfect participle
има-perfect reported	сум имал страдано		perfect of има + perfect participle
future	ќе страдам		ќе + present
има-future	ќе имам страдано		future of има + perfect participle
future in the past	ќе страдав		ќе + imperfect
има-future in the past	ќе имав страдано		future in the past of има + perfect participle
future reported	ќе сум страдал		ќе + imperfect l-participle
има-future reported	ќе сум имал страдано		future reported of има + perfect participle
conditional	би страдал		би + imperfect l-participle
има-conditional	би имал страдано		conditional of има + perfect participle

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *strada. Compare *stradati.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [strɐˈda]

Noun

страда́ • (stradá) f inan (genitive страды́, nominative plural стра́ды, genitive plural страд)

1. harvest (process of harvesting, gathering the ripened crop)
2. harvest time

Declension

Declension of страда́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-d) 

	singular	plural
nominative	страда́ stradá	стра́ды strády
genitive	страды́ stradý	стра́д strád
dative	страде́ stradé	стра́дам strádam
accusative	страду́ stradú	стра́ды strády
instrumental	страдо́й, страдо́ю stradój, stradóju	стра́дами strádami
prepositional	страде́ stradé	стра́дах strádax

Descendants

• → Livvi: ruado
• → Ludian: ruad
• → Veps: rad

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “страда”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress