افروختن

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian ʾplwhtn' (abrōxtan, “to light, kindle, illuminate, polish”), is a compound verb, so the elements are *af- from Proto-Iranian *Hapá (“off, away, from”) or Proto-Indo-European *upó (“under, below, towards”) + *rōx- from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“bright, to shine, to see”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔaf.ɾoːx.ˈtan]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäf.ɾoːx.t̪ʰǽn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäf.ɾoːx.t̪ʰǽn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔäf.ɾoːx.t̪ʰǽn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔäf.ɾʊːx.t̪ʰǽn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔæf.ɹuːx.t̪ʰǽn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔäf.ɾɵχ.t̪ʰǽn]

Readings
Classical reading?	afrōxtan
Dari reading?	afrōxtan
Iranian reading?	afruxtan
Tajik reading?	afrüxtan

Verb

Dari	افروختن
Iranian Persian
Tajik	афрӯхтан

افروختن • (afruxtan) (present stem افروز (afruz))

1. to kindle
2. to burn
3. to light
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3098:

     گفت ای روبه تو عدل افروختی / این چنین قسمت ز کی آموختی

     guft ay robah tô 'adl afrôxti / ên čunîn qismat za ki âmoxti

     Said the lion, “O fox, thou hast made justice shine forth: from whom didst thou learn to divide in such a manner?

4. to illuminate