باد

See also: پاد

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ب ي د (b y d)
4 terms

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baː.da/

Verb

بَادَ • (bāda) I (non-past يَبِيدُ (yabīdu), verbal noun بَيْد (bayd) or بُيُود (buyūd) or بَيَاد (bayād) or بَيْدُودَة (baydūda))

1. to perish, to die, to become extinct

   Synonyms: فَنِيَ (faniya), هَلَكَ (halaka), زَهَقَ (zahaqa), زَالَ (zāla)

   Antonyms: بَقِيَ (baqiya), دَامَ (dāma)

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 18:35:

     وَدَخَلَ جَنَّتَهُ وَهُوَ ظَالِمٌ لِّنَفْسِهِ قَالَ مَا أَظُنُّ أَن تَبِيدَ هَٰذِهِ أَبَدًا

     wadaḵala jannatahu wahuwa ẓālimun linafsihi qāla mā ʔaẓunnu ʔan tabīda hāḏihi ʔabadan

     And he entered his garden while he was unjust to himself. He said, "I do not think that this will perish - ever.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of بَادَ (I, hollow, a ~ i, no passive, verbal nouns بَيْد, بُيُود, بَيَاد, بَيْدُودَة)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						بَيْد, بُيُود, بَيَاد, بَيْدُودَة bayd, buyūd, bayād, baydūda
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						بَائِد bāʔid
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بِدْتُ bidtu	بِدْتَ bidta	بَادَ bāda		بِدْتُمَا bidtumā	بَادَا bādā		بِدْنَا bidnā	بِدْتُمْ bidtum	بَادُوا bādū
	f		بِدْتِ bidti	بَادَتْ bādat			بَادَتَا bādatā			بِدْتُنَّ bidtunna	بِدْنَ bidna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَبِيدُ ʔabīdu	تَبِيدُ tabīdu	يَبِيدُ yabīdu		تَبِيدَانِ tabīdāni	يَبِيدَانِ yabīdāni		نَبِيدُ nabīdu	تَبِيدُونَ tabīdūna	يَبِيدُونَ yabīdūna
	f		تَبِيدِينَ tabīdīna	تَبِيدُ tabīdu			تَبِيدَانِ tabīdāni			تَبِدْنَ tabidna	يَبِدْنَ yabidna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَبِيدَ ʔabīda	تَبِيدَ tabīda	يَبِيدَ yabīda		تَبِيدَا tabīdā	يَبِيدَا yabīdā		نَبِيدَ nabīda	تَبِيدُوا tabīdū	يَبِيدُوا yabīdū
	f		تَبِيدِي tabīdī	تَبِيدَ tabīda			تَبِيدَا tabīdā			تَبِدْنَ tabidna	يَبِدْنَ yabidna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَبِدْ ʔabid	تَبِدْ tabid	يَبِدْ yabid		تَبِيدَا tabīdā	يَبِيدَا yabīdā		نَبِدْ nabid	تَبِيدُوا tabīdū	يَبِيدُوا yabīdū
	f		تَبِيدِي tabīdī	تَبِدْ tabid			تَبِيدَا tabīdā			تَبِدْنَ tabidna	يَبِدْنَ yabidna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		بِدْ bid			بِيدَا bīdā				بِيدُوا bīdū
	f		بِيدِي bīdī							بِدْنَ bidna

Etymology 2

Root
ب د و (b d w)
4 terms

Derived from the active participle of بَدَا (badā, “to appear”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baː.din/

Adjective

بَادٍ • (bādin) (informal بَادِي (bādī), feminine بَادِيَة (bādiya), masculine plural بَادُونَ (bādūna) or بُدَاة (budāh))

1. apparent, evident, obvious, plain, visible
2. inhabiting the desert

Declension

Declension of adjective بَادٍ (bādin)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	singular triptote in ـٍ (-in)		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	بَادِي bādī	الْبَادِي al-bādī	بَادِيَة bādiya	الْبَادِيَة al-bādiya
Nominative	بَادٍ bādin	الْبَادِي al-bādī	بَادِيَةٌ bādiyatun	الْبَادِيَةُ al-bādiyatu
Accusative	بَادِيًا bādiyan	الْبَادِيَ al-bādiya	بَادِيَةً bādiyatan	الْبَادِيَةَ al-bādiyata
Genitive	بَادٍ bādin	الْبَادِي al-bādī	بَادِيَةٍ bādiyatin	الْبَادِيَةِ al-bādiyati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	بَادِيَيْن bādiyayn	الْبَادِيَيْن al-bādiyayn	بَادِيَتَيْن bādiyatayn	الْبَادِيَتَيْن al-bādiyatayn
Nominative	بَادِيَانِ bādiyāni	الْبَادِيَانِ al-bādiyāni	بَادِيَتَانِ bādiyatāni	الْبَادِيَتَانِ al-bādiyatāni
Accusative	بَادِيَيْنِ bādiyayni	الْبَادِيَيْنِ al-bādiyayni	بَادِيَتَيْنِ bādiyatayni	الْبَادِيَتَيْنِ al-bādiyatayni
Genitive	بَادِيَيْنِ bādiyayni	الْبَادِيَيْنِ al-bādiyayni	بَادِيَتَيْنِ bādiyatayni	الْبَادِيَتَيْنِ al-bādiyatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	sound masculine plural‎; broken plural triptote in ـَاة (-āh)		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	بَادِين‎; بُدَاة bādīn‎; budāt	الْبَادِين‎; الْبُدَاة al-bādīn‎; al-budāt	بَادِيَات bādiyāt	الْبَادِيَات al-bādiyāt
Nominative	بَادُونَ‎; بُدَاةٌ bādūna‎; budātun	الْبَادُونَ‎; الْبُدَاةُ al-bādūna‎; al-budātu	بَادِيَاتٌ bādiyātun	الْبَادِيَاتُ al-bādiyātu
Accusative	بَادِينَ‎; بُدَاةً bādīna‎; budātan	الْبَادِينَ‎; الْبُدَاةَ al-bādīna‎; al-budāta	بَادِيَاتٍ bādiyātin	الْبَادِيَاتِ al-bādiyāti
Genitive	بَادِينَ‎; بُدَاةٍ bādīna‎; budātin	الْبَادِينَ‎; الْبُدَاةِ al-bādīna‎; al-budāti	بَادِيَاتٍ bādiyātin	الْبَادِيَاتِ al-bādiyāti

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian باد (bâd, “wind; air”), itself from Proto-Iranian *HwáHatah (“wind”).

Noun

باد • (bâd) (definite accusative بادی (bâdı), plural بادلر (bâdlar))

1. wind, the real or perceived movement of atmospheric air usually caused by convection or differences in air pressure

   Synonyms: روزكار (rüzgâr), ریح (rih), یل (yel)

2. air, the substance constituting Earth's atmosphere, a gaseous mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and various trace gases

   Synonym: هوا (hava)

3. breath, spiration, ventilation, the rhythmical process of moving air into and out of the lungs to facilitate gas exchange

   Synonyms: دم (dam), صولوق (soluk), نفس (nefes)

Derived terms

• بادبان (bâdbân, “sail”)
• بادرفتار (bâdreftâr, “swift, fleet”)
• بادریسه (bâdrise, “flywheel”)
• بادزن (bâdzen, “fan, hand fan”)
• بادسیر (bâdseyr, “swift, fleet”)
• بادكرد (bâdgerd, “cloud of dust raised by the wind”)
• بادكیر (bâdgir, “ventilator”)
• بادنما (bâdnümâ, “vane, weather-cock”)
• بادویز (bâdviz, “fan, hand fan”)
• بادپا (bâdpâ, “swift as the wind”)
• بادپیما (bâdpeymâ, “traveller, wanderer”)
• بادی (bâdî, “pertaining to the wind”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: bad

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “bad5”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 417
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “bâd”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 76
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “باد”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 232
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Ventus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 1732
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “باد”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, columns 629-630
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “باد”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 316

Pashto

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian باد (bâd). Doublet of وو (wō).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɑd/

Noun

باد • (bād) m

1. wind

Further reading

• Raverty, H. G. (1867) “باد”, in A dictionary of the Puk'hto, Pus'hto, or language of the Afghans: with remarks on the originality of the language, and its affinity to other oriental tongues, London: Williams & Nortgate

Persian

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [bɑːð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑːd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑːd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɑːd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bɔːd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bɒːd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bɔd̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	bāḏ
Dari reading?	bād
Iranian reading?	bâd
Tajik reading?	bod

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian wād, from Proto-Iranian *HwáHatah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HwáHatas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéh₁n̥ts (“wind”).

Noun

Dari	باد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	бод

باد • (bâd)

1. wind

   باد شرق ― bâd-e šarq ― east wind

   باد تند ― bâd-e tond ― harsh wind

   سرو در باد ارتعاش داشت.

   sarv dar bâd erte'âš dâšt.

   The cypress trembled in the wind.

2. air

   Synonym: هوا (havâ)

3. (medicine) inflammation; swelling
4. (medicine) windiness
5. (colloquial) pride

   Synonym: غرور (ğorur)

   با باد و فیس ― bâ bâd o fis ― with pride and haughtiness

Derived terms

• باد خورشیدی (bâd-e xoršidi)
• باد زدن (bâd zadan)
• باد ستاره‌ای (bâd-e setâre’i)
• باد کردن (bâd kardan)
• بادپیما (bâdpeymâ)
• بادگیر (bâdgir)
• به باد دادن (be bâd dâdan)
• به باد رفتن (be bâd raftan)
• دیوانه‌باد (divâne-bâd)
• چرخ‌باد (čarx-bâd)

 

Descendants

• → Indonesian: bad
• → Pashto: باد (bâd)
• → Urdu: باد (bād)

Etymology 2

Shortened form of بواد (bovâd), from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (bawād), an old inherited optative form.

Verb

باد • (bâd)

1. (poetic, literary) Third-person singular present optative of بودن (budan).

   شرم بر شما باد

   šarm bar šomâ bâd!

   Shame be upon you!

Synonyms

• باشد (bâšad)(subjunctive form that has some overlap in meaning)

Urdu

Etymology

From Classical Persian باد (bād, “wind; air”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /bɑːd̪/

Noun

باد • (bād) f (Hindi spelling बाद)

1. air
2. wind; breeze; gale

Derived terms

• بادِ بَہار (bād-e-bahār, “spring breeze”)
• بادِ عِیسیٰ (bād-e-'īsa, “skillful physician”, literally “breath of Jesus”)
• بادِ ہَوائی (bād-e-havāī, “meaningless, useless”, literally “wind of wind”)

References

• “باد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “باد”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John T. (1884) “باد”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• “باد”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.

Ushojo

Etymology

From Pashto باد (bād).

Noun

باد (bād)

1. wind
2. smell