بخور

Arabic

Etymology

From the root ب خ ر (b-ḵ-r), related to vapor. Compare with بَخَرَ (baḵara, “to boil”), تَبَخَّر (tabaḵḵar, “to evaporate, to perfume with incense”) and بُخَار (buḵār, “vapour, steam”).

Noun

بَخُور or بُخُور • (baḵūr or buḵūr) m

1. incense

Usage notes

• The pronunciation بَخُور (baḵūr) is traditional.

Descendants

• Maltese: bħur

Ottoman Turkish

بخور

Alternative forms

• պուխուր (buhur), պուհուր (buhur) — Armeno-Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic بَخُور (baḵūr, “incense”).

Noun

بخور • (bahur or buhur) (definite accusative بخوری (bahuru, buhuru), plural بخورلر (bahurlar, buhurlar))

1. incense, biotic material that releases fragrant smoke when burnt, often used in religious rites

   Synonyms: توتسو (tütsü), كونلك (günlük)

2. fumigant, any substance used, in the gaseous state, to disinfect or remove vermin or pests

   Synonym: توتسو (tütsü)

Derived terms

• بخور شیشه (buhur şişe, “mixture of fragrant essences or oils”)
• بخور مریم (buhur-i meryem, “sowbread”)
• بخور یاغی (buhur yağı, “liquid styrax”)
• بخورجی (buhurcu, “dealer in incense”)
• بخوردان (buhurdan, “censer, incense-box”)
• بخورلاتمق (buhurlatmak, “to make or let be fumigated”)
• بخورلامق (buhurlamak, “to fumigate with incense”)
• بخورلانمق (buhurlanmak, “to be fumigated with incense”)
• بخورلو (buhurlu, “impregnated with incense”)
• قره بخور (kara buhur, “the refuse bark of liquidambar”)
• كلیسا بخوری (kilisa buhuru, “gum benzoin and olibanum”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: buhur
• → Armenian: պուհուր (puhur)

Further reading

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “بخور”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 288
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “buhur”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 688
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “بخور”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 110a
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “بخور”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 255
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Thymiama”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 1672
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “بخور”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 723
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “buhur”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “بخور”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 345

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic بُخُور (buḵūr).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [bu.xuːɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bʊ.xuːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bʊ.xuːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bʊ.xuːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bu.xuɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bo.xuːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bu.χuɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	buxūr
Dari reading?	buxūr
Iranian reading?	boxur
Tajik reading?	buxur

Noun

بخور • (boxur)

1. incense

   بخور معطر در حضور وی‌ بسوزانم‌

   I burn fragrant incense in his presence

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic بَخُور (baḵūr).

Noun

بخور • (baḵūr) m

1. incense