بعد

See also: تغد, تعد, and ب ع د

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Root
ب ع د (b ʕ d)
10 terms

Verb

بَعُدَ • (baʕuda) I (non-past يَبْعُدُ (yabʕudu), verbal noun بُعْد (buʕd))
بَعِدَ • (baʕida) I (non-past يَبْعَدُ (yabʕadu), verbal noun بَعَد (baʕad))

1. to be distant, afar, to become distant, go away (مِنْ (min) or عَنْ (ʕan) from)
2. to die, to perish

Conjugation

    Conjugation of بَعُدَ (I, sound, u ~ u, impersonal passive, verbal noun بُعْد)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						بُعْد buʕd
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						بَعِيد baʕīd
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَبْعُود mabʕūd
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بَعُدْتُ baʕudtu	بَعُدْتَ baʕudta	بَعُدَ baʕuda		بَعُدْتُمَا baʕudtumā	بَعُدَا baʕudā		بَعُدْنَا baʕudnā	بَعُدْتُمْ baʕudtum	بَعُدُوا baʕudū
	f		بَعُدْتِ baʕudti	بَعُدَتْ baʕudat			بَعُدَتَا baʕudatā			بَعُدْتُنَّ baʕudtunna	بَعُدْنَ baʕudna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَبْعُدُ ʔabʕudu	تَبْعُدُ tabʕudu	يَبْعُدُ yabʕudu		تَبْعُدَانِ tabʕudāni	يَبْعُدَانِ yabʕudāni		نَبْعُدُ nabʕudu	تَبْعُدُونَ tabʕudūna	يَبْعُدُونَ yabʕudūna
	f		تَبْعُدِينَ tabʕudīna	تَبْعُدُ tabʕudu			تَبْعُدَانِ tabʕudāni			تَبْعُدْنَ tabʕudna	يَبْعُدْنَ yabʕudna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَبْعُدَ ʔabʕuda	تَبْعُدَ tabʕuda	يَبْعُدَ yabʕuda		تَبْعُدَا tabʕudā	يَبْعُدَا yabʕudā		نَبْعُدَ nabʕuda	تَبْعُدُوا tabʕudū	يَبْعُدُوا yabʕudū
	f		تَبْعُدِي tabʕudī	تَبْعُدَ tabʕuda			تَبْعُدَا tabʕudā			تَبْعُدْنَ tabʕudna	يَبْعُدْنَ yabʕudna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَبْعُدْ ʔabʕud	تَبْعُدْ tabʕud	يَبْعُدْ yabʕud		تَبْعُدَا tabʕudā	يَبْعُدَا yabʕudā		نَبْعُدْ nabʕud	تَبْعُدُوا tabʕudū	يَبْعُدُوا yabʕudū
	f		تَبْعُدِي tabʕudī	تَبْعُدْ tabʕud			تَبْعُدَا tabʕudā			تَبْعُدْنَ tabʕudna	يَبْعُدْنَ yabʕudna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُبْعُدْ ubʕud			اُبْعُدَا ubʕudā				اُبْعُدُوا ubʕudū
	f		اُبْعُدِي ubʕudī							اُبْعُدْنَ ubʕudna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	بُعِدَ buʕida		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُبْعَدُ yubʕadu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُبْعَدَ yubʕada		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُبْعَدْ yubʕad		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

    Conjugation of بَعِدَ (I, sound, i ~ a, impersonal passive, verbal noun بَعَد)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						بَعَد baʕad
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						بَاعِد bāʕid
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَبْعُود mabʕūd
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بَعِدْتُ baʕidtu	بَعِدْتَ baʕidta	بَعِدَ baʕida		بَعِدْتُمَا baʕidtumā	بَعِدَا baʕidā		بَعِدْنَا baʕidnā	بَعِدْتُمْ baʕidtum	بَعِدُوا baʕidū
	f		بَعِدْتِ baʕidti	بَعِدَتْ baʕidat			بَعِدَتَا baʕidatā			بَعِدْتُنَّ baʕidtunna	بَعِدْنَ baʕidna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَبْعَدُ ʔabʕadu	تَبْعَدُ tabʕadu	يَبْعَدُ yabʕadu		تَبْعَدَانِ tabʕadāni	يَبْعَدَانِ yabʕadāni		نَبْعَدُ nabʕadu	تَبْعَدُونَ tabʕadūna	يَبْعَدُونَ yabʕadūna
	f		تَبْعَدِينَ tabʕadīna	تَبْعَدُ tabʕadu			تَبْعَدَانِ tabʕadāni			تَبْعَدْنَ tabʕadna	يَبْعَدْنَ yabʕadna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَبْعَدَ ʔabʕada	تَبْعَدَ tabʕada	يَبْعَدَ yabʕada		تَبْعَدَا tabʕadā	يَبْعَدَا yabʕadā		نَبْعَدَ nabʕada	تَبْعَدُوا tabʕadū	يَبْعَدُوا yabʕadū
	f		تَبْعَدِي tabʕadī	تَبْعَدَ tabʕada			تَبْعَدَا tabʕadā			تَبْعَدْنَ tabʕadna	يَبْعَدْنَ yabʕadna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَبْعَدْ ʔabʕad	تَبْعَدْ tabʕad	يَبْعَدْ yabʕad		تَبْعَدَا tabʕadā	يَبْعَدَا yabʕadā		نَبْعَدْ nabʕad	تَبْعَدُوا tabʕadū	يَبْعَدُوا yabʕadū
	f		تَبْعَدِي tabʕadī	تَبْعَدْ tabʕad			تَبْعَدَا tabʕadā			تَبْعَدْنَ tabʕadna	يَبْعَدْنَ yabʕadna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِبْعَدْ ibʕad			اِبْعَدَا ibʕadā				اِبْعَدُوا ibʕadū
	f		اِبْعَدِي ibʕadī							اِبْعَدْنَ ibʕadna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	بُعِدَ buʕida		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُبْعَدُ yubʕadu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُبْعَدَ yubʕada		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُبْعَدْ yubʕad		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

References

• Lane, Edward William (1863) “بعد”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[1], London: Williams & Norgate
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “بعد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[2], London: W.H. Allen

Etymology 1.2

Noun

بُعْد • (buʕd) m (plural أَبْعَاد (ʔabʕād))

1. verbal noun of بَعُدَ (baʕuda) (form I)
2. distance
3. dimension
4. absence
5. death
6. interval

Declension

Declension of noun بُعْد (buʕd)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بُعْد buʕd	الْبُعْد al-buʕd	بُعْد buʕd
Nominative	بُعْدٌ buʕdun	الْبُعْدُ al-buʕdu	بُعْدُ buʕdu
Accusative	بُعْدًا buʕdan	الْبُعْدَ al-buʕda	بُعْدَ buʕda
Genitive	بُعْدٍ buʕdin	الْبُعْدِ al-buʕdi	بُعْدِ buʕdi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بُعْدَيْن buʕdayn	الْبُعْدَيْن al-buʕdayn	بُعْدَيْ buʕday
Nominative	بُعْدَانِ buʕdāni	الْبُعْدَانِ al-buʕdāni	بُعْدَا buʕdā
Accusative	بُعْدَيْنِ buʕdayni	الْبُعْدَيْنِ al-buʕdayni	بُعْدَيْ buʕday
Genitive	بُعْدَيْنِ buʕdayni	الْبُعْدَيْنِ al-buʕdayni	بُعْدَيْ buʕday
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَبْعَاد ʔabʕād	الْأَبْعَاد al-ʔabʕād	أَبْعَاد ʔabʕād
Nominative	أَبْعَادٌ ʔabʕādun	الْأَبْعَادُ al-ʔabʕādu	أَبْعَادُ ʔabʕādu
Accusative	أَبْعَادًا ʔabʕādan	الْأَبْعَادَ al-ʔabʕāda	أَبْعَادَ ʔabʕāda
Genitive	أَبْعَادٍ ʔabʕādin	الْأَبْعَادِ al-ʔabʕādi	أَبْعَادِ ʔabʕādi

Derived terms

• مِنْ بُعْدٍ (min buʕdin)
• عَنْ بُعْدٍ (ʕan buʕdin)

Descendants

• Maltese: bogħod

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “بعد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[3], London: W.H. Allen

Etymology 1.3

Noun

بَعَد • (baʕad) m

1. verbal noun of بَعَدَ (baʕada) (form I)
2. verbal noun of بَعِدَ (baʕida) (form I)
3. distance, going to a distance
4. death

Declension

Declension of noun بَعَد (baʕad)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَعَد baʕad	الْبَعَد al-baʕad	بَعَد baʕad
Nominative	بَعَدٌ baʕadun	الْبَعَدُ al-baʕadu	بَعَدُ baʕadu
Accusative	بَعَدًا baʕadan	الْبَعَدَ al-baʕada	بَعَدَ baʕada
Genitive	بَعَدٍ baʕadin	الْبَعَدِ al-baʕadi	بَعَدِ baʕadi

References

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “بعد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[4], London: W.H. Allen

Etymology 1.4

Preposition

بَعْدَ • (baʕda)

1. after

   Antonym: قَبْلَ (qabla)

Inflection

Inflected forms
Base form					بَعْدَ (baʕda)
Personal-pronoun- including forms	Singular		Dual	Plural
	Masculine	Feminine	Common	Masculine	Feminine
First person	بَعْدِي (baʕdī)		بَعْدَنَا (baʕdanā)
Second person	بَعْدَكَ (baʕdaka)	بَعْدَكِ (baʕdaki)	بَعْدَكُمَا (baʕdakumā)	بَعْدَكُمْ (baʕdakum)	بَعْدَكُنَّ (baʕdakunna)
Third person	بَعْدَهُ (baʕdahu)	بَعْدَهَا (baʕdahā)	بَعْدَهُمَا (baʕdahumā)	بَعْدَهُمْ (baʕdahum)	بَعْدَهُنَّ (baʕdahunna)

Derived terms

• مِنْ بَعْدِ (min baʕdi)
• بُعَيْدَ (buʕayda)

Descendants

• → Swahili: baada

Etymology 1.5

Adverb

بَعْدُ • (baʕdu)

1. after that

   Antonym: قَبْلُ (qablu)

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 95:7:

     فَمَا يُكَذِّبُكَ بَعْدُ بِالدِّينِ

     famā yukaḏḏibuka baʕdu bi-d-dīni

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

• بَعْدَئِذٍ (baʕdaʔiḏin)
• مِنْ بَعْدُ (min baʕdu)
• عَنْ بَعْدُ (ʕan baʕdu)
• فِيمَا بَعْدُ (fīmā baʕdu)
• أَمَّا بَعْدُ (ʔammā baʕdu)
• بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ (baʕda ẓ-ẓuhri)
• بَعْدَ غَدٍ (baʕda ḡadin)
• بَعْدَ قَلِيلِ (baʕda qalīli)
• طَوْرًا بَعْدَ طَوْرِ (ṭawran baʕda ṭawri)
• يَوْمًا بَعْدَ يَوْمِ (yawman baʕda yawmi)

Egyptian Arabic

Preposition

بعد • (baʿd)

1. after

Derived terms

• بعدين (baʕdīn)

Gulf Arabic

Root
ب ع د
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic بَعْد (baʕd).

Pronunciation

• (Kuwait) IPA^(key): /bəʕd/, [bəʕ(ə)d]

Preposition

بعد • (baʕd)

1. after

   Synonym: عقب (ʕugub)

   Antonym: قبل (qabl)

Adverb

بعد • (baʕad)

1. too, also, as well

   وآنا بعد

   w-āna baʕad

   me too

See also

• بعدين (baʕdēn, “later”)

North Levantine Arabic

Preposition

بعد • (baʿd)

1. after

Adverb

بعد • (baʿd)

1. (false verb, with personal suffix) still

   بعدو يحكي هالقصه؟

   baʿdu yiḥki hal-ʾuṣṣa?

   Does he still tell this story?

Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic بَعْد (baʕd).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [baʔð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bäʔd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bäʔd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɑːd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bɔːd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bæʔd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bäʔd̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	ba'd
Dari reading?	ba'd
Iranian reading?	ba'd
Tajik reading?	baʾd

Dari	بعد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	баъд

Adverb

بعد • (ba'd)

1. then, after; afterwards

   Synonym: سپس (sepas)

Adjective

بعد • (ba'd)

1. next

   Synonym: آینده (âyande)

   Antonym: گذشته (gozašte, “past”)

   ماه بعد ― mâh-e ba'd ― next month

   روز بعد ― ruz-e ba'd ― the next day

Derived terms

• بعد از (ba'd az, “after”)
• بعداً (ba'dan, “later on”)
• بعدی (ba'di, “subsequent”)
• بعد‌ها (ba'd-hâ, “later on”)
• منبعد (menba'd, “henceforth”)

 

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic بُعْد (buʕd).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ˈbuʔð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bʊ́ʔd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bʊ́ʔd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bʊ́d̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [búd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bóʔd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bɵ́ʔd̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	bu'd
Dari reading?	bo'd
Iranian reading?	bo'd
Tajik reading?	büʾd

Dari	بعد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	бӯъд

Noun

بعد • (bo'd) (plural ابعاد (ab'âd) or بعدها (bo'd-hâ))

1. dimension

Derived terms

• سه‌بعدی (se-bo'di)

 

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ب ع د
3 terms

Etymology

From Arabic بَعْد (baʕd).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baʕd/, [ˈba.ʕ(ɪ)d]

• Audio (Amman):

  (file)

Preposition

بعد • (baʕd)

1. after

   Antonym: قبل (ʔabl)

2. (Galilee) still; not yet

   Synonym: لسا (lissa)

   بكرة حفلة التخرّج وبعدنا مش مخلّصين امتحانات مدارس.

   bukra ḥaflat it-taḵarruj w-baʕᵉdna miš mḵallaṣīn imtiḥānāt madāres.

   Tomorrow is the graduation ceremony and we still haven't finished [our] school exams.

See also

• بعدين (baʕdēn, “later”)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بعد (ba'd).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /bə(ʔ)d̪/
• (colloquial) IPA^(key): /bɑːd̪/
• Rhymes: -ɑːd̪

Noun

بَعْد • (ba'd) m (Hindi spelling बाद)

1. later or succeeding time

   Antonym: قَبْل (qabl)

Derived terms

• بَعْد میں (ba'd mẽ, “afterwards, later”)

Adjective

بَعْد • (ba'd) (Hindi spelling बाद)

1. posterior, subsequent

   Synonym: آخِر (āxir)

   Antonyms: پَہْلے (pahle), قَبْل (qabl)

   عَصْر کے بَعْد

   'asr ke ba'd

   after asr [prayers]

   (literally, “posterior/subsequent of asr [prayers]”)

Derived terms

• کے بَعْد (ke ba'd, “after, since”)

Preposition

بَعْد • (ba'd) (Hindi spelling बाद)

1. after

   Antonym: قَبْل (qabl)

   بَعْد عَصْر ― ba'd 'asr ― after asr [prayers]

Derived terms

• بَعْد اَز (ba'd az, “after”)

References

• “بعد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Platts, John T. (1884) “بعد”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Ushojo

Etymology

From Urdu بعد (ba'd).

Adverb

بعد (ba'd)

1. after, later