جار
Arabic
editEtymology 1
editRoot |
---|
ج و ر (j w r) |
11 terms |
From Proto-West Semitic *gawar-.
Verb
editجَارَ • (jāra) I (non-past يَجُورُ (yajūru), verbal noun جَوْر (jawr))
- to deviate, to stray
- to commit an outrage, to wrong, to persecute, to oppress, to tyrannize
- to encroach, to make inroads
Conjugation
editverbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
جَوْر jawr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
جَائِر jāʔir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَجُور majūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | جُرْتُ jurtu |
جُرْتَ jurta |
جَارَ jāra |
جُرْتُمَا jurtumā |
جَارَا jārā |
جُرْنَا jurnā |
جُرْتُمْ jurtum |
جَارُوا jārū | |||
f | جُرْتِ jurti |
جَارَتْ jārat |
جَارَتَا jāratā |
جُرْتُنَّ jurtunna |
جُرْنَ jurna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَجُورُ ʔajūru |
تَجُورُ tajūru |
يَجُورُ yajūru |
تَجُورَانِ tajūrāni |
يَجُورَانِ yajūrāni |
نَجُورُ najūru |
تَجُورُونَ tajūrūna |
يَجُورُونَ yajūrūna | |||
f | تَجُورِينَ tajūrīna |
تَجُورُ tajūru |
تَجُورَانِ tajūrāni |
تَجُرْنَ tajurna |
يَجُرْنَ yajurna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَجُورَ ʔajūra |
تَجُورَ tajūra |
يَجُورَ yajūra |
تَجُورَا tajūrā |
يَجُورَا yajūrā |
نَجُورَ najūra |
تَجُورُوا tajūrū |
يَجُورُوا yajūrū | |||
f | تَجُورِي tajūrī |
تَجُورَ tajūra |
تَجُورَا tajūrā |
تَجُرْنَ tajurna |
يَجُرْنَ yajurna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَجُرْ ʔajur |
تَجُرْ tajur |
يَجُرْ yajur |
تَجُورَا tajūrā |
يَجُورَا yajūrā |
نَجُرْ najur |
تَجُورُوا tajūrū |
يَجُورُوا yajūrū | |||
f | تَجُورِي tajūrī |
تَجُرْ tajur |
تَجُورَا tajūrā |
تَجُرْنَ tajurna |
يَجُرْنَ yajurna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | جُرْ jur |
جُورَا jūrā |
جُورُوا jūrū |
||||||||
f | جُورِي jūrī |
جُرْنَ jurna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | جِيرَ jīra |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | يُجَارُ yujāru |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | يُجَارَ yujāra |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | يُجَرْ yujar |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
Etymology 2
editRoot |
---|
ج ر ر (j r r) |
12 terms |
Alternative forms
editVerb
editجَارَّ • (jārra) III (non-past يُجَارُّ (yujārru), verbal noun مُجَارَّة (mujārra))
- to be in the neighborhood of, to live nextdoor to
- to adjoin
- to be in the vicinity, to be close to
- to border
Conjugation
editverbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
مُجَارَّة mujārra | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُجَارّ mujārr | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُجَارّ mujārr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | جَارَرْتُ jārartu |
جَارَرْتَ jārarta |
جَارَّ jārra |
جَارَرْتُمَا jārartumā |
جَارَّا jārrā |
جَارَرْنَا jārarnā |
جَارَرْتُمْ jārartum |
جَارُّوا jārrū | |||
f | جَارَرْتِ jārarti |
جَارَّتْ jārrat |
جَارَّتَا jārratā |
جَارَرْتُنَّ jārartunna |
جَارَرْنَ jārarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُجَارُّ ʔujārru |
تُجَارُّ tujārru |
يُجَارُّ yujārru |
تُجَارَّانِ tujārrāni |
يُجَارَّانِ yujārrāni |
نُجَارُّ nujārru |
تُجَارُّونَ tujārrūna |
يُجَارُّونَ yujārrūna | |||
f | تُجَارِّينَ tujārrīna |
تُجَارُّ tujārru |
تُجَارَّانِ tujārrāni |
تُجَارِرْنَ tujārirna |
يُجَارِرْنَ yujārirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُجَارَّ ʔujārra |
تُجَارَّ tujārra |
يُجَارَّ yujārra |
تُجَارَّا tujārrā |
يُجَارَّا yujārrā |
نُجَارَّ nujārra |
تُجَارُّوا tujārrū |
يُجَارُّوا yujārrū | |||
f | تُجَارِّي tujārrī |
تُجَارَّ tujārra |
تُجَارَّا tujārrā |
تُجَارِرْنَ tujārirna |
يُجَارِرْنَ yujārirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُجَارَّ, أُجَارِّ, أُجَارِرْ ʔujārra, ʔujārri, ʔujārir |
تُجَارَّ, تُجَارِّ, تُجَارِرْ tujārra, tujārri, tujārir |
يُجَارَّ, يُجَارِّ, يُجَارِرْ yujārra, yujārri, yujārir |
تُجَارَّا tujārrā |
يُجَارَّا yujārrā |
نُجَارَّ, نُجَارِّ, نُجَارِرْ nujārra, nujārri, nujārir |
تُجَارُّوا tujārrū |
يُجَارُّوا yujārrū | |||
f | تُجَارِّي tujārrī |
تُجَارَّ, تُجَارِّ, تُجَارِرْ tujārra, tujārri, tujārir |
تُجَارَّا tujārrā |
تُجَارِرْنَ tujārirna |
يُجَارِرْنَ yujārirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | جَارَّ, جَارِّ, جَارِرْ jārra, jārri, jārir |
جَارَّا jārrā |
جَارُّوا jārrū |
||||||||
f | جَارِّي jārrī |
جَارِرْنَ jārirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | جُورِرْتُ jūrirtu |
جُورِرْتَ jūrirta |
جُورَّ jūrra |
جُورِرْتُمَا jūrirtumā |
جُورَّا jūrrā |
جُورِرْنَا jūrirnā |
جُورِرْتُمْ jūrirtum |
جُورُّوا jūrrū | |||
f | جُورِرْتِ jūrirti |
جُورَّتْ jūrrat |
جُورَّتَا jūrratā |
جُورِرْتُنَّ jūrirtunna |
جُورِرْنَ jūrirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُجَارُّ ʔujārru |
تُجَارُّ tujārru |
يُجَارُّ yujārru |
تُجَارَّانِ tujārrāni |
يُجَارَّانِ yujārrāni |
نُجَارُّ nujārru |
تُجَارُّونَ tujārrūna |
يُجَارُّونَ yujārrūna | |||
f | تُجَارِّينَ tujārrīna |
تُجَارُّ tujārru |
تُجَارَّانِ tujārrāni |
تُجَارَرْنَ tujārarna |
يُجَارَرْنَ yujārarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُجَارَّ ʔujārra |
تُجَارَّ tujārra |
يُجَارَّ yujārra |
تُجَارَّا tujārrā |
يُجَارَّا yujārrā |
نُجَارَّ nujārra |
تُجَارُّوا tujārrū |
يُجَارُّوا yujārrū | |||
f | تُجَارِّي tujārrī |
تُجَارَّ tujārra |
تُجَارَّا tujārrā |
تُجَارَرْنَ tujārarna |
يُجَارَرْنَ yujārarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُجَارَّ, أُجَارِّ, أُجَارَرْ ʔujārra, ʔujārri, ʔujārar |
تُجَارَّ, تُجَارِّ, تُجَارَرْ tujārra, tujārri, tujārar |
يُجَارَّ, يُجَارِّ, يُجَارَرْ yujārra, yujārri, yujārar |
تُجَارَّا tujārrā |
يُجَارَّا yujārrā |
نُجَارَّ, نُجَارِّ, نُجَارَرْ nujārra, nujārri, nujārar |
تُجَارُّوا tujārrū |
يُجَارُّوا yujārrū | |||
f | تُجَارِّي tujārrī |
تُجَارَّ, تُجَارِّ, تُجَارَرْ tujārra, tujārri, tujārar |
تُجَارَّا tujārrā |
تُجَارَرْنَ tujārarna |
يُجَارَرْنَ yujārarna |
Etymology 3
editRoot |
---|
ج و ر (j w r) |
11 terms |
If we assume a pronunciation /ɔː/ for ā in ancient Ḥijāzi dialects of Arabic, as is also found necessary to be posited for other borrowings as قَيُّوم (qayyūm) and to make the Ethiopian Semitic borrowings of the present word phonologically plausible, then it is possible to conceive this word loaned from copiously attested Aramaic גיורא / ܓܝܘܪܐ (gīyōrā, “alien; proselyte”), functionally equivalent to Ugaritic 𐎂𐎗 (gr, “foreign resident, protected guest”) and Hebrew גֵּר (gēr, “alien; proselyte”) of which the feminine is גִיוֹרֶת (giyyṓreṯ, “proselyte”), while the specific meaning of a “neighbour” is found developed in Palestinian Aramaic מגירה / ܡܓܝܪܐ (məḡīrā), Northwest Semitic derivations of Proto-West Semitic *gawar- in the sense of ”to encroach upon the limits of, to assail, to come over” (while inheritance from Proto-West Semitic of the present noun per se would be difficult to construct); for the simplification of the shape of the word regard Arabic حُوت (ḥūt, “fish; whale”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editجَار • (jār) m (plural جِيرَان (jīrān), feminine جَارة (jāra))
- neighbor
- جارنا الجديد هو شخص لطيف وودود.
- Jārnā al-ǧadīd huwa šaḫṣ laṭīf wa-wadūd.
- Our new neighbor is a kind and friendly person.
- refugee
- protégé, charge
Declension
editSingular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | جَار jār |
الْجَار al-jār |
جَار jār |
Nominative | جَارٌ jārun |
الْجَارُ al-jāru |
جَارُ jāru |
Accusative | جَارًا jāran |
الْجَارَ al-jāra |
جَارَ jāra |
Genitive | جَارٍ jārin |
الْجَارِ al-jāri |
جَارِ jāri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | جَارَيْن jārayn |
الْجَارَيْن al-jārayn |
جَارَيْ jāray |
Nominative | جَارَانِ jārāni |
الْجَارَانِ al-jārāni |
جَارَا jārā |
Accusative | جَارَيْنِ jārayni |
الْجَارَيْنِ al-jārayni |
جَارَيْ jāray |
Genitive | جَارَيْنِ jārayni |
الْجَارَيْنِ al-jārayni |
جَارَيْ jāray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | جِيرَان jīrān |
الْجِيرَان al-jīrān |
جِيرَان jīrān |
Nominative | جِيرَانٌ jīrānun |
الْجِيرَانُ al-jīrānu |
جِيرَانُ jīrānu |
Accusative | جِيرَانًا jīrānan |
الْجِيرَانَ al-jīrāna |
جِيرَانَ jīrāna |
Genitive | جِيرَانٍ jīrānin |
الْجِيرَانِ al-jīrāni |
جِيرَانِ jīrāni |
Descendants
edit- Egyptian Arabic: جار (gār)
- Gulf Arabic: يار (yār), جار (jār)
- Maltese: ġar
- Moroccan Arabic: جار (jār)
- → Amharic: ጋር (gar, “with, in company of”), ጋራ (gara)
- → Ge'ez: ጎር (gor, “neighbour”)
- → Harari: ጋር (gār, “house”)
- → Tigre: ጎር (gor, “neighbour; near, in proximity to”)
- → Tigrinya: ጎር (gor, “neighbour”)
Etymology 4
editRoot |
---|
ج ر ي (j r y) |
10 terms |
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editجَارٍ • (jārin) (informal جَارِي (jārī), feminine جَارِيَة (jāriya), masculine plural جَارُون (jārūn), feminine plural جَارِيَات (jāriyāt))
- active participle of جَرَى (jarā)
Declension
editSingular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular triptote in ـٍ (-in) | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | جَارِي jārī |
الْجَارِي al-jārī |
جَارِيَة jāriya |
الْجَارِيَة al-jāriya |
Nominative | جَارٍ jārin |
الْجَارِي al-jārī |
جَارِيَةٌ jāriyatun |
الْجَارِيَةُ al-jāriyatu |
Accusative | جَارِيًا jāriyan |
الْجَارِيَ al-jāriya |
جَارِيَةً jāriyatan |
الْجَارِيَةَ al-jāriyata |
Genitive | جَارٍ jārin |
الْجَارِي al-jārī |
جَارِيَةٍ jāriyatin |
الْجَارِيَةِ al-jāriyati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | جَارِيَيْن jāriyayn |
الْجَارِيَيْن al-jāriyayn |
جَارِيَتَيْن jāriyatayn |
الْجَارِيَتَيْن al-jāriyatayn |
Nominative | جَارِيَانِ jāriyāni |
الْجَارِيَانِ al-jāriyāni |
جَارِيَتَانِ jāriyatāni |
الْجَارِيَتَانِ al-jāriyatāni |
Accusative | جَارِيَيْنِ jāriyayni |
الْجَارِيَيْنِ al-jāriyayni |
جَارِيَتَيْنِ jāriyatayni |
الْجَارِيَتَيْنِ al-jāriyatayni |
Genitive | جَارِيَيْنِ jāriyayni |
الْجَارِيَيْنِ al-jāriyayni |
جَارِيَتَيْنِ jāriyatayni |
الْجَارِيَتَيْنِ al-jāriyatayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
sound masculine plural | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | جَارِين jārīn |
الْجَارِين al-jārīn |
جَارِيَات jāriyāt |
الْجَارِيَات al-jāriyāt |
Nominative | جَارُونَ jārūna |
الْجَارُونَ al-jārūna |
جَارِيَاتٌ jāriyātun |
الْجَارِيَاتُ al-jāriyātu |
Accusative | جَارِينَ jārīna |
الْجَارِينَ al-jārīna |
جَارِيَاتٍ jāriyātin |
الْجَارِيَاتِ al-jāriyāti |
Genitive | جَارِينَ jārīna |
الْجَارِينَ al-jārīna |
جَارِيَاتٍ jāriyātin |
الْجَارِيَاتِ al-jāriyāti |
Descendants
edit- → Azerbaijani: cari
- → Chagatai: جاری
- → Ottoman Turkish: جاری
- Turkish: cari
- → Persian: جاری (jâri), یاری (yâri)
References
edit- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “جار”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 231–232
- Freytag, Georg (1830) “جار”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 322–323
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “جار”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 438
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “جار”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 173
Central Kurdish
editNoun
editجار (car)
Gulf Arabic
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editجار • (jār) m (plural جيران (jīrān))
- Alternative form of يار (yār)
Hijazi Arabic
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editMoroccan Arabic
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editSouth Levantine Arabic
editRoot |
---|
ج و ر |
1 term |
Etymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
edit- Arabic terms belonging to the root ج و ر
- Arabic terms inherited from Proto-West Semitic
- Arabic terms derived from Proto-West Semitic
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic hollow form-I verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs with و as second radical
- Arabic form-I verbs with past vowel a and non-past vowel u
- Arabic verbs with impersonal passive
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ج ر ر
- Arabic form-III verbs
- Arabic geminate form-III verbs
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic terms borrowed from Aramaic
- Arabic terms derived from Aramaic
- Arabic 1-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic terms with usage examples
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ج ر ي
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic adjectives
- Arabic adjectives with triptote singular in -in
- Arabic adjectives with triptote singular in -a
- Arabic adjectives with sound masculine plural
- Arabic adjectives with sound feminine plural
- Central Kurdish lemmas
- Central Kurdish nouns
- Gulf Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Gulf Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Gulf Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Gulf Arabic lemmas
- Gulf Arabic nouns
- Gulf Arabic masculine nouns
- Hijazi Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Hijazi Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Hijazi Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hijazi Arabic lemmas
- Hijazi Arabic nouns
- Hijazi Arabic masculine nouns
- Moroccan Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Moroccan Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Moroccan Arabic 1-syllable words
- Moroccan Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Moroccan Arabic terms with audio pronunciation
- Moroccan Arabic lemmas
- Moroccan Arabic nouns
- Moroccan Arabic masculine nouns
- South Levantine Arabic terms belonging to the root ج و ر
- South Levantine Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- South Levantine Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- South Levantine Arabic terms with audio pronunciation
- South Levantine Arabic lemmas
- South Levantine Arabic nouns
- South Levantine Arabic masculine nouns