حق

See also: حف and خف

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root ح ق ق (ḥ-q-q). Compare Hebrew חוק (ḥóqq, “law”), Classical Syriac ܚܘܩܐ (ḥuqqā, “rule”), Ge'ez ሐቀቀ (ḥäḳäḳä, “to fasten”), Tigrinya ሓቂ (ḥaqqi, “truth”). Perhaps related to حَجَّ (ḥajja, “to convince with legal arguments; to make the pilgrimage to Mecca”) and words corresponding to this root in the other Semitic languages.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ħaq.qa/

Verb

حَقَّ • (ḥaqqa) I (non-past يَحِقُّ (yaḥiqqu) or يَحُقُّ (yaḥuqqu), verbal noun حَقَّة (ḥaqqa) or حَقّ (ḥaqq) or حُقُوق (ḥuqūq))

1. to be true, to be confirmed
2. to be right, to be correct
3. to be necessary, to be obligatory, to be imperative
4. to be adequate, to be suitable, to be appropriate, to be fitting
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 16:36:

     وَلَقَدْ بَعَثْنَا فِي كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ رَّسُولًا أَنِ ٱعْبُدُوٱ ٱللَّهَ وَاجْتَنِبُوٱ الطَّاغُوتَ فَمِنْهُم مَّنْ هَدَى اللَّهُ وَمِنْهُم مَّنْ حَقَّتْ عَلَيْهِ الضَّلَالَةُ فَسِيرُوٱ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَٱنْظُرُوٱ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الْمُكَذِّبِينَ

     walaqad baʕaṯnā fī kulli ʔummatin rasūlan ʔani ʕbudū l-laha wājtanibū ṭ-ṭāḡūta faminhum man hadā l-lahu waminhum man ḥaqqat ʕalayhi ḍ-ḍalālatu fasīrū fī l-ʔarḍi fanẓurū kayfa kāna ʕāqibatu l-mukaḏḏibīna

     And we certainly sent into every nation a messenger [saying] “worship God and avoid the idol”. And among them were those whom God guided, and among them were those upon whom error was deservedly enacted. So proceed through the earth and see how was the end of the deniers.

5. to be due

Conjugation

    Conjugation of حَقَّ (I, geminate, a ~ i/u, no passive (?), verbal nouns حَقَّة, حَقّ, حُقُوق)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						حَقَّة, حَقّ, حُقُوق ḥaqqa, ḥaqq, ḥuqūq
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						حَاقّ ḥāqq
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حَقَقْتُ ḥaqaqtu	حَقَقْتَ ḥaqaqta	حَقَّ ḥaqqa		حَقَقْتُمَا ḥaqaqtumā	حَقَّا ḥaqqā		حَقَقْنَا ḥaqaqnā	حَقَقْتُمْ ḥaqaqtum	حَقُّوا ḥaqqū
	f		حَقَقْتِ ḥaqaqti	حَقَّتْ ḥaqqat			حَقَّتَا ḥaqqatā			حَقَقْتُنَّ ḥaqaqtunna	حَقَقْنَ ḥaqaqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَحِقُّ, أَحُقُّ ʔaḥiqqu, ʔaḥuqqu	تَحِقُّ, تَحُقُّ taḥiqqu, taḥuqqu	يَحِقُّ, يَحُقُّ yaḥiqqu, yaḥuqqu		تَحِقَّانِ, تَحُقَّانِ taḥiqqāni, taḥuqqāni	يَحِقَّانِ, يَحُقَّانِ yaḥiqqāni, yaḥuqqāni		نَحِقُّ, نَحُقُّ naḥiqqu, naḥuqqu	تَحِقُّونَ, تَحُقُّونَ taḥiqqūna, taḥuqqūna	يَحِقُّونَ, يَحُقُّونَ yaḥiqqūna, yaḥuqqūna
	f		تَحِقِّينَ, تَحُقِّينَ taḥiqqīna, taḥuqqīna	تَحِقُّ, تَحُقُّ taḥiqqu, taḥuqqu			تَحِقَّانِ, تَحُقَّانِ taḥiqqāni, taḥuqqāni			تَحْقِقْنَ, تَحْقُقْنَ taḥqiqna, taḥquqna	يَحْقِقْنَ, يَحْقُقْنَ yaḥqiqna, yaḥquqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَحِقَّ, أَحُقَّ ʔaḥiqqa, ʔaḥuqqa	تَحِقَّ, تَحُقَّ taḥiqqa, taḥuqqa	يَحِقَّ, يَحُقَّ yaḥiqqa, yaḥuqqa		تَحِقَّا, تَحُقَّا taḥiqqā, taḥuqqā	يَحِقَّا, يَحُقَّا yaḥiqqā, yaḥuqqā		نَحِقَّ, نَحُقَّ naḥiqqa, naḥuqqa	تَحِقُّوا, تَحُقُّوا taḥiqqū, taḥuqqū	يَحِقُّوا, يَحُقُّوا yaḥiqqū, yaḥuqqū
	f		تَحِقِّي, تَحُقِّي taḥiqqī, taḥuqqī	تَحِقَّ, تَحُقَّ taḥiqqa, taḥuqqa			تَحِقَّا, تَحُقَّا taḥiqqā, taḥuqqā			تَحْقِقْنَ, تَحْقُقْنَ taḥqiqna, taḥquqna	يَحْقِقْنَ, يَحْقُقْنَ yaḥqiqna, yaḥquqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَحِقَّ, أَحِقِّ, أَحْقِقْ, أَحُقَّ, أَحُقِّ, أَحْقُقْ ʔaḥiqqa, ʔaḥiqqi, ʔaḥqiq, ʔaḥuqqa, ʔaḥuqqi, ʔaḥquq	تَحِقَّ, تَحِقِّ, تَحْقِقْ, تَحُقَّ, تَحُقِّ, تَحْقُقْ taḥiqqa, taḥiqqi, taḥqiq, taḥuqqa, taḥuqqi, taḥquq	يَحِقَّ, يَحِقِّ, يَحْقِقْ, يَحُقَّ, يَحُقِّ, يَحْقُقْ yaḥiqqa, yaḥiqqi, yaḥqiq, yaḥuqqa, yaḥuqqi, yaḥquq		تَحِقَّا, تَحُقَّا taḥiqqā, taḥuqqā	يَحِقَّا, يَحُقَّا yaḥiqqā, yaḥuqqā		نَحِقَّ, نَحِقِّ, نَحْقِقْ, نَحُقَّ, نَحُقِّ, نَحْقُقْ naḥiqqa, naḥiqqi, naḥqiq, naḥuqqa, naḥuqqi, naḥquq	تَحِقُّوا, تَحُقُّوا taḥiqqū, taḥuqqū	يَحِقُّوا, يَحُقُّوا yaḥiqqū, yaḥuqqū
	f		تَحِقِّي, تَحُقِّي taḥiqqī, taḥuqqī	تَحِقَّ, تَحِقِّ, تَحْقِقْ, تَحُقَّ, تَحُقِّ, تَحْقُقْ taḥiqqa, taḥiqqi, taḥqiq, taḥuqqa, taḥuqqi, taḥquq			تَحِقَّا, تَحُقَّا taḥiqqā, taḥuqqā			تَحْقِقْنَ, تَحْقُقْنَ taḥqiqna, taḥquqna	يَحْقِقْنَ, يَحْقُقْنَ yaḥqiqna, yaḥquqna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		حِقَّ, حِقِّ, اِحْقِقْ, حُقَّ, حُقِّ, اُحْقُقْ ḥiqqa, ḥiqqi, iḥqiq, ḥuqqa, ḥuqqi, uḥquq			حِقَّا, حُقَّا ḥiqqā, ḥuqqā				حِقُّوا, حُقُّوا ḥiqqū, ḥuqqū
	f		حِقِّي, حُقِّي ḥiqqī, ḥuqqī							اِحْقِقْنَ, اُحْقُقْنَ iḥqiqna, uḥquqna

Verb

حَقَّ • (ḥaqqa) I (non-past يَحُقُّ (yaḥuqqu), verbal noun حَقّ (ḥaqq))

1. to ascertain, to make sure
2. to recognize, to identify

Conjugation

    Conjugation of حَقَّ (I, geminate, a ~ u, full passive, verbal noun حَقّ)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						حَقّ ḥaqq
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						حَاقّ ḥāqq
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَحْقُوق maḥqūq
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حَقَقْتُ ḥaqaqtu	حَقَقْتَ ḥaqaqta	حَقَّ ḥaqqa		حَقَقْتُمَا ḥaqaqtumā	حَقَّا ḥaqqā		حَقَقْنَا ḥaqaqnā	حَقَقْتُمْ ḥaqaqtum	حَقُّوا ḥaqqū
	f		حَقَقْتِ ḥaqaqti	حَقَّتْ ḥaqqat			حَقَّتَا ḥaqqatā			حَقَقْتُنَّ ḥaqaqtunna	حَقَقْنَ ḥaqaqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَحُقُّ ʔaḥuqqu	تَحُقُّ taḥuqqu	يَحُقُّ yaḥuqqu		تَحُقَّانِ taḥuqqāni	يَحُقَّانِ yaḥuqqāni		نَحُقُّ naḥuqqu	تَحُقُّونَ taḥuqqūna	يَحُقُّونَ yaḥuqqūna
	f		تَحُقِّينَ taḥuqqīna	تَحُقُّ taḥuqqu			تَحُقَّانِ taḥuqqāni			تَحْقُقْنَ taḥquqna	يَحْقُقْنَ yaḥquqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَحُقَّ ʔaḥuqqa	تَحُقَّ taḥuqqa	يَحُقَّ yaḥuqqa		تَحُقَّا taḥuqqā	يَحُقَّا yaḥuqqā		نَحُقَّ naḥuqqa	تَحُقُّوا taḥuqqū	يَحُقُّوا yaḥuqqū
	f		تَحُقِّي taḥuqqī	تَحُقَّ taḥuqqa			تَحُقَّا taḥuqqā			تَحْقُقْنَ taḥquqna	يَحْقُقْنَ yaḥquqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَحُقَّ, أَحُقِّ, أَحْقُقْ ʔaḥuqqa, ʔaḥuqqi, ʔaḥquq	تَحُقَّ, تَحُقِّ, تَحْقُقْ taḥuqqa, taḥuqqi, taḥquq	يَحُقَّ, يَحُقِّ, يَحْقُقْ yaḥuqqa, yaḥuqqi, yaḥquq		تَحُقَّا taḥuqqā	يَحُقَّا yaḥuqqā		نَحُقَّ, نَحُقِّ, نَحْقُقْ naḥuqqa, naḥuqqi, naḥquq	تَحُقُّوا taḥuqqū	يَحُقُّوا yaḥuqqū
	f		تَحُقِّي taḥuqqī	تَحُقَّ, تَحُقِّ, تَحْقُقْ taḥuqqa, taḥuqqi, taḥquq			تَحُقَّا taḥuqqā			تَحْقُقْنَ taḥquqna	يَحْقُقْنَ yaḥquqna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		حُقَّ, حُقِّ, اُحْقُقْ ḥuqqa, ḥuqqi, uḥquq			حُقَّا ḥuqqā				حُقُّوا ḥuqqū
	f		حُقِّي ḥuqqī							اُحْقُقْنَ uḥquqna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حُقِقْتُ ḥuqiqtu	حُقِقْتَ ḥuqiqta	حُقَّ ḥuqqa		حُقِقْتُمَا ḥuqiqtumā	حُقَّا ḥuqqā		حُقِقْنَا ḥuqiqnā	حُقِقْتُمْ ḥuqiqtum	حُقُّوا ḥuqqū
	f		حُقِقْتِ ḥuqiqti	حُقَّتْ ḥuqqat			حُقَّتَا ḥuqqatā			حُقِقْتُنَّ ḥuqiqtunna	حُقِقْنَ ḥuqiqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُحَقُّ ʔuḥaqqu	تُحَقُّ tuḥaqqu	يُحَقُّ yuḥaqqu		تُحَقَّانِ tuḥaqqāni	يُحَقَّانِ yuḥaqqāni		نُحَقُّ nuḥaqqu	تُحَقُّونَ tuḥaqqūna	يُحَقُّونَ yuḥaqqūna
	f		تُحَقِّينَ tuḥaqqīna	تُحَقُّ tuḥaqqu			تُحَقَّانِ tuḥaqqāni			تُحْقَقْنَ tuḥqaqna	يُحْقَقْنَ yuḥqaqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُحَقَّ ʔuḥaqqa	تُحَقَّ tuḥaqqa	يُحَقَّ yuḥaqqa		تُحَقَّا tuḥaqqā	يُحَقَّا yuḥaqqā		نُحَقَّ nuḥaqqa	تُحَقُّوا tuḥaqqū	يُحَقُّوا yuḥaqqū
	f		تُحَقِّي tuḥaqqī	تُحَقَّ tuḥaqqa			تُحَقَّا tuḥaqqā			تُحْقَقْنَ tuḥqaqna	يُحْقَقْنَ yuḥqaqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُحَقَّ, أُحَقِّ, أُحْقَقْ ʔuḥaqqa, ʔuḥaqqi, ʔuḥqaq	تُحَقَّ, تُحَقِّ, تُحْقَقْ tuḥaqqa, tuḥaqqi, tuḥqaq	يُحَقَّ, يُحَقِّ, يُحْقَقْ yuḥaqqa, yuḥaqqi, yuḥqaq		تُحَقَّا tuḥaqqā	يُحَقَّا yuḥaqqā		نُحَقَّ, نُحَقِّ, نُحْقَقْ nuḥaqqa, nuḥaqqi, nuḥqaq	تُحَقُّوا tuḥaqqū	يُحَقُّوا yuḥaqqū
	f		تُحَقِّي tuḥaqqī	تُحَقَّ, تُحَقِّ, تُحْقَقْ tuḥaqqa, tuḥaqqi, tuḥqaq			تُحَقَّا tuḥaqqā			تُحْقَقْنَ tuḥqaqna	يُحْقَقْنَ yuḥqaqna

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ħuq.qa/

Verb

حُقَّ • (ḥuqqa) I (passive-only, first-person singular past حُقِقْتُ (ḥuqiqtu), non-past يُحَقُّ (yuḥaqqu), verbal noun حَقَّة (ḥaqqa) or حَقّ (ḥaqq) or حُقُوق (ḥuqūq)) (passive voice)

1. to be necessary, to be obligatory, to be imperative
2. to be adequate, to be suitable, to be appropriate, to be fitting
3. to be due

Conjugation

    Conjugation of حُقَّ (I, geminate, passive-only, verbal nouns حَقَّة, حَقّ, حُقُوق)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						حَقَّة, حَقّ, حُقُوق ḥaqqa, ḥaqq, ḥuqūq
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَحْقُوق maḥqūq
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حُقِقْتُ ḥuqiqtu	حُقِقْتَ ḥuqiqta	حُقَّ ḥuqqa		حُقِقْتُمَا ḥuqiqtumā	حُقَّا ḥuqqā		حُقِقْنَا ḥuqiqnā	حُقِقْتُمْ ḥuqiqtum	حُقُّوا ḥuqqū
	f		حُقِقْتِ ḥuqiqti	حُقَّتْ ḥuqqat			حُقَّتَا ḥuqqatā			حُقِقْتُنَّ ḥuqiqtunna	حُقِقْنَ ḥuqiqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُحَقُّ ʔuḥaqqu	تُحَقُّ tuḥaqqu	يُحَقُّ yuḥaqqu		تُحَقَّانِ tuḥaqqāni	يُحَقَّانِ yuḥaqqāni		نُحَقُّ nuḥaqqu	تُحَقُّونَ tuḥaqqūna	يُحَقُّونَ yuḥaqqūna
	f		تُحَقِّينَ tuḥaqqīna	تُحَقُّ tuḥaqqu			تُحَقَّانِ tuḥaqqāni			تُحْقَقْنَ tuḥqaqna	يُحْقَقْنَ yuḥqaqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُحَقَّ ʔuḥaqqa	تُحَقَّ tuḥaqqa	يُحَقَّ yuḥaqqa		تُحَقَّا tuḥaqqā	يُحَقَّا yuḥaqqā		نُحَقَّ nuḥaqqa	تُحَقُّوا tuḥaqqū	يُحَقُّوا yuḥaqqū
	f		تُحَقِّي tuḥaqqī	تُحَقَّ tuḥaqqa			تُحَقَّا tuḥaqqā			تُحْقَقْنَ tuḥqaqna	يُحْقَقْنَ yuḥqaqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُحَقَّ, أُحَقِّ, أُحْقَقْ ʔuḥaqqa, ʔuḥaqqi, ʔuḥqaq	تُحَقَّ, تُحَقِّ, تُحْقَقْ tuḥaqqa, tuḥaqqi, tuḥqaq	يُحَقَّ, يُحَقِّ, يُحْقَقْ yuḥaqqa, yuḥaqqi, yuḥqaq		تُحَقَّا tuḥaqqā	يُحَقَّا yuḥaqqā		نُحَقَّ, نُحَقِّ, نُحْقَقْ nuḥaqqa, nuḥaqqi, nuḥqaq	تُحَقُّوا tuḥaqqū	يُحَقُّوا yuḥaqqū
	f		تُحَقِّي tuḥaqqī	تُحَقَّ, تُحَقِّ, تُحْقَقْ tuḥaqqa, tuḥaqqi, tuḥqaq			تُحَقَّا tuḥaqqā			تُحْقَقْنَ tuḥqaqna	يُحْقَقْنَ yuḥqaqna

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ħaqq/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

حَقّ • (ḥaqq) m (plural حُقُوق (ḥuqūq))

1. verbal noun of حُقَّ (ḥuqqa) (form I)
2. verbal noun of حَقَّ (ḥaqqa) (form I)
3. equity
4. truth
5. correctness, right
6. rightful possession, property
7. right
8. proper manner
9. reality
10. (in the plural, law) rights, claims, legal claims

    الْحُقُوق (al-ḥuqūq) — law, jurisprudence

Declension

Declension of noun حَقّ (ḥaqq)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حَقّ ḥaqq	الْحَقّ al-ḥaqq	حَقّ ḥaqq
Nominative	حَقٌّ ḥaqqun	الْحَقُّ al-ḥaqqu	حَقُّ ḥaqqu
Accusative	حَقًّا ḥaqqan	الْحَقَّ al-ḥaqqa	حَقَّ ḥaqqa
Genitive	حَقٍّ ḥaqqin	الْحَقِّ al-ḥaqqi	حَقِّ ḥaqqi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حَقَّيْن ḥaqqayn	الْحَقَّيْن al-ḥaqqayn	حَقَّيْ ḥaqqay
Nominative	حَقَّانِ ḥaqqāni	الْحَقَّانِ al-ḥaqqāni	حَقَّا ḥaqqā
Accusative	حَقَّيْنِ ḥaqqayni	الْحَقَّيْنِ al-ḥaqqayni	حَقَّيْ ḥaqqay
Genitive	حَقَّيْنِ ḥaqqayni	الْحَقَّيْنِ al-ḥaqqayni	حَقَّيْ ḥaqqay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حُقُوق ḥuqūq	الْحُقُوق al-ḥuqūq	حُقُوق ḥuqūq
Nominative	حُقُوقٌ ḥuqūqun	الْحُقُوقُ al-ḥuqūqu	حُقُوقُ ḥuqūqu
Accusative	حُقُوقًا ḥuqūqan	الْحُقُوقَ al-ḥuqūqa	حُقُوقَ ḥuqūqa
Genitive	حُقُوقٍ ḥuqūqin	الْحُقُوقِ al-ḥuqūqi	حُقُوقِ ḥuqūqi

Antonyms

• بَاطِل (bāṭil)

Descendants

• Maltese: ħaqq
• → Azerbaijani: həqq, haqq
• → Bashkir: хаҡ (xaq)
• → Chagatai: حق
  • Uyghur: ھەق (heq)
  • Uzbek: haq
• → Gagauz: hak
• → Karachay-Balkar: хакъ (xaq)
• → Malay: hak
  • Indonesian: hak
• → Nogai: хакъ (xak”)
• → Ottoman Turkish: حق (hakk)
  • Turkish: hak
  • → Albanian: hak
  • → Bulgarian: хак (hak)
• → Classical Persian: حَقّ (haqq)
  • → Assamese: সক (xok)
  • → Bengali: হক (hok)
  • → Dhivehi: ހައްގު (haggu)
  • → Gujarati: હક (hak)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: हक़ (haq)

    Urdu: حق (haq)

    • → Kannada: ಹಕ್ಕು (hakku)
    • → Telugu: హక్కు (hakku)
    • → Tamil: அக்கு (akku)

  • → Marathi: हक्क (hakka)
  • → Punjabi:

    Gurmukhi script: ਹੱਕ (hakka)

    Shahmukhi script: حَق (ḥaq)

  • → Rohingya:

    Latin script: hók

    Arabic script: حࣤ࣪قۡ

    Hanifi Rohingya script: 𐴇𐴡𐴤𐴑 (hók)

• → Swahili: haki
• → Turkmen: hak

(via plural form حُقُوق (ḥuqūq)):

• → Azerbaijani: hüquq
• → Bashkir: хоҡуҡ (xoquq)
• → Chagatai: حقوق
  • Uyghur: ھوقۇق (hoquq)
  • Uzbek: huquq
• → Crimean Tatar: uquq
• → Hausa: haqqoq
• → Karakalpak: huqıq
• → Kashmiri: حقوٗق (hqūq)
• → Kazakh: құқық (qūqyq)
• → Kyrgyz: укук (ukuk)
• → Ottoman Turkish: حقوق (hukûk)
  • Turkish: hukuk
• → Pashto: حقوق
• → Classical Persian: حُقُوق (huqūq)
  • Iranian Persian: حُقوق (hoğuğ)
  • Tajik: ҳуқуқ (huquq)
• → Somali: xuquuq
• → Tatar: хокук (xoquk)
• → Turkmen: hukuk
• → Urdu: حُقُوق (huqūq)
• → Western Panjabi: حقوق (haqūq)

Adjective

حَقّ • (ḥaqq) (feminine حَقّ (ḥaqq), masculine dual حَقّ (ḥaqq), feminine dual حَقّ (ḥaqq), common plural حَقّ (ḥaqq))

1. true, authentic, real
2. right, fair and reasonable
3. valid, sound, correct

Declension

Declension of adjective حَقّ (ḥaqq)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	حَقّ ḥaqq	الْحَقّ al-ḥaqq	حَقّ ḥaqq	الْحَقّ al-ḥaqq
Nominative	حَقٌّ ḥaqqun	الْحَقُّ al-ḥaqqu	حَقٌّ ḥaqqun	الْحَقُّ al-ḥaqqu
Accusative	حَقًّا ḥaqqan	الْحَقَّ al-ḥaqqa	حَقًّا ḥaqqan	الْحَقَّ al-ḥaqqa
Genitive	حَقٍّ ḥaqqin	الْحَقِّ al-ḥaqqi	حَقٍّ ḥaqqin	الْحَقِّ al-ḥaqqi
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	حَقّ ḥaqq	الْحَقّ al-ḥaqq	حَقّ ḥaqq	الْحَقّ al-ḥaqq
Nominative	حَقٌّ ḥaqqun	الْحَقُّ al-ḥaqqu	حَقٌّ ḥaqqun	الْحَقُّ al-ḥaqqu
Accusative	حَقًّا ḥaqqan	الْحَقَّ al-ḥaqqa	حَقًّا ḥaqqan	الْحَقَّ al-ḥaqqa
Genitive	حَقٍّ ḥaqqin	الْحَقِّ al-ḥaqqi	حَقٍّ ḥaqqin	الْحَقِّ al-ḥaqqi
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	basic broken plural triptote		basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	حَقّ ḥaqq	الْحَقّ al-ḥaqq	حَقّ ḥaqq	الْحَقّ al-ḥaqq
Nominative	حَقٌّ ḥaqqun	الْحَقُّ al-ḥaqqu	حَقٌّ ḥaqqun	الْحَقُّ al-ḥaqqu
Accusative	حَقًّا ḥaqqan	الْحَقَّ al-ḥaqqa	حَقًّا ḥaqqan	الْحَقَّ al-ḥaqqa
Genitive	حَقٍّ ḥaqqin	الْحَقِّ al-ḥaqqi	حَقٍّ ḥaqqin	الْحَقِّ al-ḥaqqi

Etymology 4

Using the root ح ق ق (ḥ-q-q) via the idea of “fitting” parts.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ħuqq/

Noun

حُقّ • (ḥuqq) m (plural أَحْقَاق (ʔaḥqāq) or حِقاق (ḥiqāq) or حُقُوق (ḥuqūq))

1. jar
2. pitcher
3. hollow, cavity
4. (anatomy) socket of a joint

Declension

Declension of noun حُقّ (ḥuqq)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حُقّ ḥuqq	الْحُقّ al-ḥuqq	حُقّ ḥuqq
Nominative	حُقٌّ ḥuqqun	الْحُقُّ al-ḥuqqu	حُقُّ ḥuqqu
Accusative	حُقًّا ḥuqqan	الْحُقَّ al-ḥuqqa	حُقَّ ḥuqqa
Genitive	حُقٍّ ḥuqqin	الْحُقِّ al-ḥuqqi	حُقِّ ḥuqqi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حُقَّيْن ḥuqqayn	الْحُقَّيْن al-ḥuqqayn	حُقَّيْ ḥuqqay
Nominative	حُقَّانِ ḥuqqāni	الْحُقَّانِ al-ḥuqqāni	حُقَّا ḥuqqā
Accusative	حُقَّيْنِ ḥuqqayni	الْحُقَّيْنِ al-ḥuqqayni	حُقَّيْ ḥuqqay
Genitive	حُقَّيْنِ ḥuqqayni	الْحُقَّيْنِ al-ḥuqqayni	حُقَّيْ ḥuqqay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَحْقَاق‎; حِقاق‎; حُقُوق ʔaḥqāq‎; ḥiqāq‎; ḥuqūq	الْأَحْقَاق‎; الْحِقاق‎; الْحُقُوق al-ʔaḥqāq‎; al-ḥiqāq‎; al-ḥuqūq	أَحْقَاق‎; حِقاق‎; حُقُوق ʔaḥqāq‎; ḥiqāq‎; ḥuqūq
Nominative	أَحْقَاقٌ‎; حِقاقٌ‎; حُقُوقٌ ʔaḥqāqun‎; ḥiqāqun‎; ḥuqūqun	الْأَحْقَاقُ‎; الْحِقاقُ‎; الْحُقُوقُ al-ʔaḥqāqu‎; al-ḥiqāqu‎; al-ḥuqūqu	أَحْقَاقُ‎; حِقاقُ‎; حُقُوقُ ʔaḥqāqu‎; ḥiqāqu‎; ḥuqūqu
Accusative	أَحْقَاقًا‎; حِقاقًا‎; حُقُوقًا ʔaḥqāqan‎; ḥiqāqan‎; ḥuqūqan	الْأَحْقَاقَ‎; الْحِقاقَ‎; الْحُقُوقَ al-ʔaḥqāqa‎; al-ḥiqāqa‎; al-ḥuqūqa	أَحْقَاقَ‎; حِقاقَ‎; حُقُوقَ ʔaḥqāqa‎; ḥiqāqa‎; ḥuqūqa
Genitive	أَحْقَاقٍ‎; حِقاقٍ‎; حُقُوقٍ ʔaḥqāqin‎; ḥiqāqin‎; ḥuqūqin	الْأَحْقَاقِ‎; الْحِقاقِ‎; الْحُقُوقِ al-ʔaḥqāqi‎; al-ḥiqāqi‎; al-ḥuqūqi	أَحْقَاقِ‎; حِقاقِ‎; حُقُوقِ ʔaḥqāqi‎; ḥiqāqi‎; ḥuqūqi

Etymology 5

Noun

حُقّ • (ḥuqq) f pl

1. plural of حُقَّة (ḥuqqa)

References

• Freytag, Georg (1830) “حق”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 405–406
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “حق”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[2], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 605–608
• Wehr, Hans (1979) “حق”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, pages 223–224
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “حق”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[3], London: W.H. Allen, page 288

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology

From the root ح ق ق (ḥ-q-q), “to be true” or “to be necessary” or “to be fitted”.

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): /ˈħaɡɡ/

Noun

حَقّ • (ḥagg) m (plural حقوق (ḥugūg))

1. equity
2. right
3. rightful possession, property
4. claim, legal claim

Preposition

حَقّ • (ḥagg) (feminine حَقَّة (ḥaggat) or حَقَّت (ḥaggat), plural حَقُّون (ḥaggōn))

1. belonging to.

   هذا الكتاب حق بدر.

   hāda l-kitāb ḥagg badir/badur

   This book belongs to Badir.

Inflection

Inflected forms of حق
Base form					حق (ḥagg)
Personal-pronoun- including forms		singular		plural
		m	f
1st person		حقي (ḥaggi)		حقنا (ḥaggana)
2nd person		حقك (ḥaggak)	حقك (ḥaggik)	حقكم (ḥaggakum)
3rd person		حقه (ḥaggu)	حقها (ḥaggaha)	حقهم (ḥaggahum)

حُق

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): /ˈħuɡɡ/

Noun

حق • (ḥugg) m (plural أحقاق (ʔaḥgāg))

1. (archaic) small box, can

   Synonym: عُلبة (ʕulba)

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَقّ (ḥaqq).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [haqq]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [häq(ː)]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [häq(ː)]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔäq(ː)]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔäq(ː)]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [hæɢɢ̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [häq(ː)]

Readings
Classical reading?	haqq
Dari reading?	haqq
Iranian reading?	hağğ
Tajik reading?	haqq

Noun

حَقّ • (haqq) (plural حُقوق (hoquq) or حق‌ها (haqq-hâ))

1. right
2. truth; reality

Descendants

• → Assamese: সক (xok)
• → Bengali: হক (hok)
• → Dhivehi: ހައްގު (haggu)
• → Gujarati: હક (hak)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: हक़ (haq)

  Urdu: حق (haq)

  • → Kannada: ಹಕ್ಕು (hakku)
  • → Telugu: హక్కు (hakku)
  • → Tamil: அக்கு (akku)

• → Marathi: हक्क (hakka)
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਹੱਕ (hakka)

  Shahmukhi script: حَق (ḥaq)

• → Rohingya:

  Latin script: hók

  Arabic script: حࣤ࣪قۡ

  Hanifi Rohingya script: 𐴇𐴡𐴤𐴑 (hók)

Punjabi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic حَقّ (ḥaqq)bor.

Classical Persian حَقّ (haqq)bor.

Punjabi حَقّ (ḥaqq)

Borrowed from Classical Persian حَقّ (haqq), borrowed from Arabic حَقّ (ḥaqq).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /ɦəqː/, [ɦɐk.kə̆]

Noun

حَقّ • (ḥaqq) m (plural حَقُوق, Gurmukhi spelling ਹੱਕ or ਹੱਕ਼)

1. right, privilege
2. truth, righteousness
3. (by extension, religion) God (an attribute of God)
4. due, portion, share

Declension

Declension of حق
dir. sg.	حَقّ (ḥaqq)
dir. pl.	حَقّ (ḥaqq)
	singular	plural
direct	حَقّ (ḥaqq)	حَقّ (ḥaqq)
oblique	حَقّ (ḥaqq)	حَقّاں (ḥaqqāṉ)
vocative	حَقّا (ḥaqqā)	حَقّو (ḥaqqo)
ablative	حَقّوں (ḥaqqoṉ)	حَقّاں (ḥaqqāṉ)
locative	حَقّے (ḥaqqe)	حَقِّیں (ḥaqqiīṉ)
instrumental	حَقّوں (ḥaqqoṉ)	–

Further reading

• Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “حقّ”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
• Bashir, Kanwal (2012) “حق”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Hyattsville, MD: Dunwoody Press
• “ਹੱਕ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ح ق ق
3 terms

Etymology

From Arabic حَقَّ (ḥaqqa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ħaʔʔ/, [ħaʔ]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Noun

حَقّ • (ḥaʔ / ḥaq) m (plural حقوق (ḥuʔūʔ, ḥʔūʔ/ ḥuqūq, ḥqūq))

1. justice, truth, rightness
2. right, something to which one is entitled
3. value

Verb

حقّ • (ḥaʔʔ) I (present بحقّ (biḥiʔʔ))

1. to have a right to something, to be entitled to something

Conjugation

Conjugation of حقّ (ḥaʔʔ)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	حقّيت (ḥaʔʔēt)	حقّيت (ḥaʔʔēt)	حقّ (ḥaʔʔ)		حقّينا (ḥaʔʔēna)	حقّيتو (ḥaʔʔētu)	حقّو (ḥaʔʔu)
	f		حقّيتي (ḥaʔʔēti)	حقّت (ḥaʔʔat)
present	m	بحقّ (baḥiʔʔ)	بتحقّ (bitḥiʔʔ)	بحقّ (biḥiʔʔ)		منحقّ (minḥiʔʔ)	بتحقّو (bitḥiʔʔu)	بحقّو (biḥiʔʔu)
	f		بتحقّي (bitḥiʔʔi)	بتحقّ (bitḥiʔʔ)
subjunctive	m	احقّ (aḥiʔʔ)	تحقّ (tḥiʔʔ)	يحقّ (yḥiʔʔ)		نحقّ (nḥiʔʔ)	تحقّو (tḥiʔʔu)	يحقّو (yḥiʔʔu)
	f		تحقّي (tḥiʔʔi)	تحقّ (tḥiʔʔ)
imperative	m		حقّ (ḥiʔʔ)				حقّو (ḥiʔʔu)
	f		حقّي (ḥiʔʔi)

Urdu

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic حَقّ (ḥaqq)bor.

Classical Persian حَقّ (haqq)bor.

Urdu حَق (haq)

Borrowed from Classical Persian حَقّ (haqq), borrowed from Arabic حَقّ (ḥaqq). First attested in c. 1421 as Middle Hindi حق (ḥq /⁠haq(q)⁠/).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɦəq/
• Rhymes: -əq

Noun

حَق • (haq) m (formal plural حُقُوق (huqūq), Hindi spelling हक़)

1. a right (ie. a privilege or claim by law etc.)
2. portion, share

   Synonym: حِصَّہ (hissa)

3. reward (ie. a right that is earned)
4. the truth, righteousness

   Synonym: سَچ (sac)

   Antonym: باطِل (bātil)

5. (by extension, religion) God (an attribute of God)
6. duty, obligation

   Synonym: فَرْض (farz)

Declension

Declension of حق
	singular	plural
direct	حَق (haq)	حَق (haq)
oblique	حَق (haq)	حَقوں (haqõ)
vocative	حَق (haq)	حَقو (haqo)

Descendants

• → Kannada: ಹಕ್ಕು (hakku)
• → Telugu: హక్కు (hakku)
• → Tamil: அக்கு (akku)

Further reading

• “حق”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024) “حق”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]