خدمت
Arabic
editVerb
editخدمت (form I)
- خَدَمْتُ (ḵadamtu) /xa.dam.tu/: first-person singular past active of خَدَمَ (ḵadama)
- خَدَمْتَ (ḵadamta) /xa.dam.ta/: second-person masculine singular past active of خَدَمَ (ḵadama)
- خَدَمْتِ (ḵadamti) /xa.dam.ti/: second-person feminine singular past active of خَدَمَ (ḵadama)
- خَدَمَتْ (ḵadamat) /xa.da.mat/: third-person feminine singular past active of خَدَمَ (ḵadama)
- خُدِمْتُ (ḵudimtu) /xu.dim.tu/: first-person singular past passive of خَدَمَ (ḵadama)
- خُدِمْتَ (ḵudimta) /xu.dim.ta/: second-person masculine singular past passive of خَدَمَ (ḵadama)
- خُدِمْتِ (ḵudimti) /xu.dim.ti/: second-person feminine singular past passive of خَدَمَ (ḵadama)
- خُدِمَتْ (ḵudimat) /xu.di.mat/: third-person feminine singular past passive of خَدَمَ (ḵadama)
Ottoman Turkish
editAlternative forms
edit- خذمت (hızmet, hizmet)
Etymology
editFrom Arabic خِدْمَة (ḵidma, “service, official duty”).
Noun
editخدمت • (hidmet or hizmet) (plural خدمات (hidemat))
- service, an act of being of assistance to someone
- Synonym: قوللق (kulluk)
- (economics) service, the practice of providing assistance as economic activity
- duty, that which one is morally or legally obligated to do
- employment, the work or occupation for which one is used, and often paid
Derived terms
edit- خدمت گورمك (hizmet görmek, “to serve”)
- خدمتجی (hizmetci, “servant”)
- خدمتكار (hizmetkâr, “servant”)
Descendants
edit- Turkish: hizmet
- → Albanian: hyzmet
- → Armenian: խըզմէթ (xəzmētʻ), խըզմա̈թ (xəzmätʻ)
- → Aromanian: huzmeti, huzmete, uzmeti, iuzmeti
- → Bulgarian: хизме́т (hizmét), изме́т (izmét), хюзме́т (hjuzmét)
- → Greek: χοσμέτι (chosméti), χουσμέτι (chousméti)
- → Macedonian: измет (izmet)
- → Romanian: huzmét
- → Serbo-Croatian:
Further reading
edit- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “hizmet”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1976
- Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “خدمت”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat[2] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 447
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “خدمت”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[3], Constantinople: Mihran, page 532
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Servitium”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[4], Vienna, column 1549
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “خدمت”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[5], Vienna, column 1867
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “hizmet”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “خدمت”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 834
Persian
editAlternative forms
edit- خذمت (xezmat) (dialectal, Mashhad, Southwestern Fars, Tajik, otherwise archaic)
- خذمد (xezmad) (dialectal, Birjand)[1]
Etymology
editBorrowed from Arabic خِدْمَة (ḵidma), from خَدَمَ (ḵadama).
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [xið.ˈmat]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [xed̪.mǽt̪]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [χiz.mǽt̪]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | xiḏmat |
| Dari reading? | xidmat |
| Iranian reading? | xedmat |
| Tajik reading? | xizmat |
Noun
edit| Dari | خدمت |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | хизмат |
خِدمَت • (xedmat) (plural خدمات (xadamât))
- service
- خدمت سربازی ― xedmat-e sarbâzi ― military service
- در خدمتتان هستم ― dar xedmat-tân hastam ― I am at your service
- employment, work
Derived terms
edit(verbs)
- خدمت کردن (xedmat kardan)
(others)
Descendants
edit- → Azerbaijani: xidmət
- → Bengali: খেদমত (khedomot)
- → Ottoman Turkish: خدمت (hidmet), خذمت (hızmet, hizmet)
- Turkish: hizmet
- → Albanian: hyzmet
- → Armenian: խըզմէթ (xəzmētʻ), խըզմա̈թ (xəzmätʻ)
- → Aromanian: huzmeti, huzmete, uzmeti, iuzmeti
- → Bulgarian: хизме́т (hizmét), изме́т (izmét), хюзме́т (hjuzmét)
- → Greek: χοσμέτι (chosméti), χουσμέτι (chousméti)
- → Macedonian: измет (izmet)
- → Romanian: huzmét
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- → Hindustani:
- → Kazakh: қызмет (qyzmet)
- → Kyrgyz: кызмат (kızmat)
- → Punjabi: خدمت
- → Uyghur: خىزمەت (xizmet)
- → Uzbek: xizmat
- → Turkmen: hyzmat
References
edit- ^ Ela Filippone (2011) “The Language of the Qorʾān-e Qods and its Sistanic Dialectal Background”, in M. Maggi, P. Orsatti, editors, The Persian Language in History[1], Wiesbaden: Reichert, pages 179-235:
- The d/z fluctuation in isolated words has already been reported by Meier. What can be inferred from the early written documentation matches fairly well with the modern dialectological data: the word xedmat ‘service’ (← Ar. k̠h̠idmat) has the variants xezmad/xedmad in the Xorāsāni dialect of Birǰand; it is xezma:t in Zāboli (Sistān), xezmat in Mašhadi (Xorāsān), as well as in Davāni, Zarqāni (Fārs), and Daštestāni.
Urdu
editEtymology
editEtymology tree
Borrowed from Classical Persian خِدْمَت (xidmat), borrowed from Arabic خِدْمَة (ḵidma), from خَدَمَ (ḵadama).[1] First attested in c. 1603 as Middle Hindi خدمت (xdmt /xidmat/).[2]
Pronunciation
edit- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /xɪd̪.mət̪/
- Rhymes: -ət̪
- Hyphenation: خِد‧مَت
Noun
editخِدْمَت • (xidmat) f (formal plural خِدْمَات (xidmāt), Hindi spelling ख़िदमत)
- service (ie. help; contribution, typically volunteering)
- Synonym: سیوَا (sevā)
- service; employment (as part of work; job etc.)
- (formal) presence; obedience (ie. in the presence of someone)
- (by extension) discipleship
Declension
edit| Declension of خدمت | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||||||
| direct | خِدْمَت (xidmat) | خِدْمَتیں (xidmatẽ) | ||||||
| oblique | خِدْمَت (xidmat) | خِدْمَتوں (xidmatõ) | ||||||
| vocative | خِدْمَت (xidmat) | خِدْمَتو (xidmato) | ||||||
Derived terms
editDerived terms
- خِدْمَت کَرْنا (xidmat karnā, “to serve”)
- خِدْمَت گار (xidmat gār)
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Platts, John T. (1884) “خدمت”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- ^ “خدمت”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
Further reading
editCategories:
- Arabic non-lemma forms
- Arabic verb forms
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from the Arabic root خ د م
- Ottoman Turkish lemmas
- Ottoman Turkish nouns
- ota:Economics
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from the Arabic root خ د م
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian terms with audio pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- Persian terms with collocations
- Persian terms with usage examples
- Urdu terms derived from Arabic
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from the Arabic root خ د م
- Urdu terms inherited from Middle Hindi
- Urdu terms derived from Middle Hindi
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Urdu/ət̪
- Rhymes:Urdu/ət̪/2 syllables
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu feminine nouns
- Urdu formal terms
- Urdu nouns with declension
- Urdu feminine consonant-stem nouns