رند

See also: زند

Arabic

Etymology

Akin to Old South Arabian 𐩧𐩬𐩵 (rnd, “Artemisia arborescens syn. Artemisia abyssinica”). Alleged to be a metathesis of what is found as Hebrew נֵרְדְּ (nerd), Aramaic נִרְדָּא (nirdā), נָרְדָּא (nārdā), ܢܪܕܐ (nārdā), Akkadian 𒆠𒆗 (HIRIM /⁠lardu⁠/), Ancient Greek νᾰ́ρδος (nárdos), Sanskrit नलद (nalada), and Arabic نَارْدِين (nārdīn).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rand/

Noun

رَنْد • (rand) m

1. laurel (Laurus nobilis)

   Synonym: غَار (ḡār)

   • c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802^IA, Cap. 4, pages 154–155:

     ويغرس في المواضع الرطب الكبيرة والندوة منها النشم والغرب والصفيراء والأيرج والميس والرند ويتوخى أن يكون شجر الأترج في مواضع مستور عن الريح الجوفية والريح الغربية مكشوف للريح القبلية.

     One plants on moist, spacious and humid places there elms, willows, planetree maples, citrons, hackberries, and laurels, and it is to be taken care that the citron is covered from northern and western winds and open for southeastern winds.

2. aloeswood, agarwood

   Synonyms: عُود (ʕūd), يَلَنْجُوج (yalanjūj), قُطُر (quṭur)

3. (Yemen) Artemisia arborescens syn. Artemisia abyssinica

Declension

Declension of noun رَنْد (rand)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رَنْد rand	الرَّنْد ar-rand	رَنْد rand
Nominative	رَنْدٌ randun	الرَّنْدُ ar-randu	رَنْدُ randu
Accusative	رَنْدًا randan	الرَّنْدَ ar-randa	رَنْدَ randa
Genitive	رَنْدٍ randin	الرَّنْدِ ar-randi	رَنْدِ randi

Descendants

• Maltese: rand

References

• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “رند”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[2] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 561
• Freytag, Georg (1833) “رند”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[3] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 198
• Sima, Alexander (2000) Tiere, Pflanzen, Steine und Metalle in den altsüdarabischen Inschriften (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, pages 276–277
• “nrdyn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• H5373 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Baluchi

Adverb

رند • (rand)

1. then
2. after
3. afterwards
4. later

Persian

Etymology

Unknown. The Arabic broken plural is unetymological. Akin to Northern Kurdish rind.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɾinð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [rɪn̪d̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [rɪn̪d̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [rɪn̪d̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [rin̪d̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɹen̪d̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɾin̪d̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	rind
Dari reading?	rind
Iranian reading?	rend
Tajik reading?	rind

Noun

رِند • (rend) (plural رِندان (rendân) or رُنود (ronud))

1. knave; rogue; ruffian; debauched person
   • 1128, Narshakhī, translated by Abū Naṣr Aḥmad al-Qubāvī, تاریخ بخارا [History of Bukhara]:

     از دزدان خلقی را به خود گرد کرده بود، از اوباشان و رندان روستا چهار هزار مرد.

     az duzdân xalqê râ ba xwad gird karda bûd, az awbâšân u rindân-i rôstâ čahâr hazâr mard.

     He had gathered a crowd of thieves about him, four thousand men from the rural rabble and thugs.

     (Classical Persian romanization)

   • 1258, Shaykh Muṣliḥ-ud-Dīn Saʿdī of Shiraz, translated by Wheeler M. Thackston, The Gulistan (Rose Garden) of Sa’di: Bilingual English and Persian Edition with Vocabulary, Bethesda, MD: Ibex Publishers, published 2008, →ISBN, page 69:

     طایفهٔ رندان بخلاف درویشی بدر آمدند و سخن ناسزا گفتند و بزدند و برنجانیدند.

     tāyifa-yi rindān ba xilāf-i darwēšē ba dar āmadand u suxan-i nāsazā guftand u bizadand u biranjānīdand.

     A group of villains rise up against a dervish, cursing him, beating him, and injuring him.

     (Classical Persian romanization)

2. (poetic, Sufism) someone who seems morally debauched, but is pure at heart and superior to those who blindly follow social norms
   • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 311”, in The Divān of Hafez:

     عاشق و رند و نظربازم و می‌گویم فاش
     تا بدانی که به چندین هنر آراسته‌ام

     'âšiq u rind u nazarbâz-am u mê-gûyam fâš
     tâ bidânî ki ba čandîn hunar ârâsta-am

     I am lover and rogue and player-with-glances, and I say so out loud
     So that you might know with how many skills I am graced.

     (Classical Persian romanization)

3. (Dari, slang) a skilled gambler

Derived terms

• رِندانه (rendâne)
• رِندی (rendi)

 

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: rind
• → Armenian: ռինդ (ṙind), ռինտ (ṙint), ըռինտ (əṙint), ռընդ (ṙənd), ռունդ (ṙund), ռունտ (ṙunt), ռոնտ (ṙont), ըռունդ (əṙund), էրոնդ (ērond), էրանդ (ērand)
• → Ottoman Turkish: رند (rind)
  • Turkish: rint