سرحد

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian سرحد.

Noun

سرحد • (serhadd)

1. border

References

• Mallouf, Nassif (1856) “frontière”, in Dictionnaire français-turc, 2nd edition, Paris: Maisonneuve, page 294

Persian

Etymology

From سر (sar) +‎ حد (hadd).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [saɾ.ˈhað]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [säɾ.hǽd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [säɾ.hǽd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sä.ɾǽd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sä.ɾǽd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sæɹ.hǽd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [säɾ.hǽd̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	sarhaḏ
Dari reading?	sarhad
Iranian reading?	sarhad
Tajik reading?	sarhad

Noun

Dari	سرحد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	сарҳад

سرحد • (sarhadd) (plural سرحدات (sarhaddât))

1. border, frontier

   Synonym: مرز (marz)

Derived terms

• سرحدی (sarhaddi, “(adjective) border”)
• سرحددار (sarhadd-dâr, “border guard”)
• سرحدبان (sarhadd-bân, “border guard”)
• سرحدچی (sarhadd-či, “border guard”)

Descendants

• → Old Anatolian Turkish: سرحد (särhad)
  • Azerbaijani: sərhəd
  • Ottoman Turkish: سرحد (serhat)
    • Turkish: serhat, Serhat
    • → Romanian: serhat
• → Turkmen: serhet
• → Zazaki: serhed
• → Uzbek: sarhad
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: सरहद (sarhad)

  Urdu: سرحد (sarhad)

• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਸਰਹੱਦ (sarhadda)

  Shahmukhi script: سرحد (sarhad)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian سرحد (sarhadd, “border”). By surface analysis, سر (sar, “head”) +‎ حد (had(d), “boundary”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /səɾ.ɦəd̪/

• Audio (Pakistan):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -əd̪

Noun

سَرْحَد • (sarḥad) f (Hindi spelling सरहद)

1. border, frontier

   Synonyms: مَرْیادا (maryādā), سِیما (sīmā)

Declension

Declension of سرحد
	singular	plural
direct	سرحد (sarḥad)	سرحدیں (sarḥadẽ)
oblique	سرحد (sarḥad)	سرحدوں (sarḥadõ)
vocative	سرحد (sarḥad)	سرحدو (sarḥado)

References

• “سرحد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “سرحد”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.